Mineralsppt16.pdfwwwwwwwwww.com oshioshi

It is a mineral processes

1. Minerals

2. A.What is a mineral?
Mineral Characteristics
shared by allminerals:
1. Natural
–occurs naturally
–NOT manmade

3. What is a mineral?
2.Inorganic
–Is not alive
–Was never alive
–Does not contain carbon

4. What is a mineral?
3.Crystalline
–Atoms are
arranged in
an orderly
pattern

5. What is a mineral?
4. Definite
chemical
composition
–Chemical formula
–SiO
2is Quartz

6. What is a mineral?
5. Solid
–Not a gas, not a liquid

7. How will we remember this?
Natural
Inorganic
Crystalline
Definite chemical composition
Solid

8. Mineral Characteristics shared
by allminerals:
Now ICan Define mineralS!
Natural
Inorganic
Crystalline
Definite chemical composition
Solid

9. B. Physical Properties of Minerals
1. Color
–First impression
–Not very reliable because lots of minerals
can occur in many different colors

10. Quartz
Purple Amethyst

11. Fluorite
•Clear
•Blue
•Green
•Purple

12. Physical Properties of Minerals
2. Streak
–The TRUE color of a mineral
–Color of a mineral’s powder

13. Streak
Minerals with a hardness greater than “7” usually
don’t create a streak on the streak plate because
they are harder than the Porcelain tile (unless the
streak plate is specially made).

14. Physical Properties of Minerals
3. Hardness
–A mineral’s resistanceto being
scratched
–MohsHardness Scale from 1-10
Hardnessdepends on how “tightly
packed” the atoms are

15. Mohs Hardness Scale
1Talc
2Gypsum
3Calcite
4Fluorite
5Apatite
6Potassium feldspar
7Quartz
8Topaz
9Corundum
10Diamond Hardest
Softest

17. Physical Properties of Minerals
4. Cleavage
–Splits along
definite planes

18. “Cleav” = to split
Cleaver

20. Physical Properties of Minerals
5. Fracture
–Breaks irregularly, jagged edges

21. Fracture

22. Physical Properties of Minerals
6. Luster
–How light shines off a mineral
–Metallic or Nonmetallic

23. Luster
Metallic
Nonmetallic

24. Physical Properties of Minerals:
Used for Identification (I.D.)
Color
Streak
Hardness
Cleavage
Fracture
Luster

25. C. Special Properties
1. Magnetism
–Attracted to a
magnet
–Contains IRON,
cobalt, or nickel

26. Special Properties
2. Double refraction
–Looking through it, you see “double”
–Ex. Calcite

27. Special Properties
3. Fluorescence
–Glowsunder ultraviolet (UV) light

28. Fluorescence
under ultraviolet,
UV light

29. Special Properties
4. Phosphorescence
–Continues to glow even after the UV
light has been removed

30. Special Properties
5. Piezoelectric
–Electricityis generated from Pressure
–Example: Quartz

31. Piezoelectric (Pressure=Electricity)

32. Special Properties
Magnetism
Double refraction
Fluorescence
Phosphorescence
Piezoelectric

33. D. Identification Tests
1. Hardness
2. Streak(TrueColor)
3. Acid Test
–Use hydrochloric acid
–Tests for carbonate(calcite)

34. Caves can form in rocks with
calcite.
Acid in
groundwater
dissolves the
calcite