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1. VIDYA VIKAS INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering IOT SMART PLANT MONITORING SYSTEM Presented by: Bhuvaneshwari P - 4VM21EC014 Arya Kumar AM - 4VM21EC010 VG Deena Dechamma - 4VM21EC035 Under the Guidance of Dr. Rajalakshmi M C

2. VIDYA VIKAS INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering Contents Introduction objectives Literature Survey Problem Statement Methodology Components Expected Outcome Advantages & Limitations Reference

3. VIDYA VIKAS INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering Introduction Plant plays a vital role in maintaining the ecological cycle and forms the foundation of a food chain pyramid and thus to maintain the plant’s proper growth and health adequate monitoring is required. Hence the aim at making plant monitoring system smart is using automation and Internet of Things (IOT) technology. This topic highlights various features such as smart decision making based on soil moisture real time data. So we need a system which will efficiently supply water. Arduino Uno is a microcontroller along with the moisture, temperature and humidity sensor can monitor soil content and accordingly it irrigates the field as when needed. The proposed system uses microcontroller ATMEGA328P on Arduino Uno and IOT which enable farmers to remotely monitor the status of motor installed on the farm by getting approximate information from sensor thereby, making the farmers' work much easier as they can do other farm activities. And mostly this technique is driven by electrical power and on/off scheduling controlled.

4. VIDYA VIKAS INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering Objective of the project To improve and stabilize the crop yields of farmers through implementation of sustainable irrigation systems. To promote water management practices that optimizes the volume and timing of water distribution. Ensure enough moisture essential for plant growth.

5. VIDYA VIKAS INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering Sl. No. Title, Author, Year Summary Limitation /Gaps 1 IOT BASED SMART PLANT MONITORING SYSTEM Rohit Kumar*1, Shubh Sankalp *2, Mayank Dabas *3, Shristy Goswami *42023 This paper discusses the impact of the Internet of Things ( IoT ) on modern life and its applications in agriculture, particularly in automating irrigation to address water scarcity. It describes a system using various sensors to monitor soil conditions, such as temperature, moisture, and humidity, and an Arduino UNO microcontroller to automate watering based on these measurements. This approach aims to reduce water waste, increase efficiency, and improve farming practices by leveraging IoT technology. The limitations of this paper include a lack of detailed analysis on the scalability of the proposed IoT -based irrigation system, potential challenges in implementation, such as costs and technical skills required, and the absence of field test results to validate the effectiveness of the system in real-world agricultural settings. Additionally, the paper may not address potential cybersecurity risks associated with IoT devices in agriculture. 2 Design of An IoT based Smart Plant Monitoring SystemApeksha Rane , Bhushan Vidhale , Priyanka Hemant Kale, Ganesh Khekare2022 This paper discusses an IoT -based plant monitoring system that uses sensors to measure soil moisture, temperature, humidity, and hazardous gases. The system automatically controls a water pump based on soil moisture levels, turning it on or off as needed. Data collected by the sensors is transmitted to an IoT cloud via Wi-Fi, stored in a Google Firebase Real-time database, and visualized using AWS server tools. The system aims to optimize plant care by automating irrigation and monitoring environmental conditions. The limitations of this paper include a lack of real-world implementation and validation, potential issues with the reliability and accuracy of the sensors over time, the dependency on continuous internet connectivity for cloud-based monitoring, and the absence of discussion on potential cybersecurity threats. Additionally, the paper does not address the cost and technical expertise required for setting up and maintaining such a system.

6. VIDYA VIKAS INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering Sl. No. Title, Author, Year Summary Limitation /Gaps 3 Iot Based Smart Agricultural Monitoring System Dr.G.Rajakumar1 , M.Saroja Sankari2 , D.Shunmugapriya3 and S.P.Uma Maheswari42018 This paper discusses the creation of an automatic plant irrigation system using Arduino technology to improve agricultural efficiency and conserve water. The system uses a soil moisture sensor to monitor soil moisture levels and automatically operates a water pump to irrigate plants as needed. It sends real-time updates to the user via an IoT module whenever the pump is activated or deactivated. Sensor data is also sent to a ThingSpeak channel for analysis. This system aims to reduce water wastage and is applicable in farms, gardens, and homes, functioning without human intervention. Dependency on Technology*: The system relies heavily on technology, which may not be accessible or affordable for all farmers, especially in remote areas.Power Supply: Continuous operation of the system requires a stable power supply, which can be an issue in rural areas with frequent power outages.3 . *Maintenance and Durability: The sensors and electronic components may require regular maintenance and could be prone to wear and tear, affecting the system's longevity.4 . Water Source Management*: While the system automates irrigation, it doesn't address the sustainable management of water sources, which is crucial in areas with water scarcity.5 . *Initial Setup Cost*: The initial investment for setting up the system, including the cost of sensors, Arduino , IoT module, and other components, might be high for small-scale farmers. 4 Plant Monitoring System Gaurav Patil , Akash Patil , Shashank Pathmudi2021 The paper discusses the integration of the Internet of Things ( IoT ) into everyday devices, emphasizing its importance in modern life. It describes a plant monitoring system utilizing IoT technology. This system employs components like NodeMCU , temperature, moisture, and humidity sensors to monitor and manage plant health by exchanging data. The limitations of this paper include:1 . *Device Connectivity*: It primarily focuses on a limited set of devices (e.g., PC's and mobiles) connected to the Internet, potentially overlooking other IoT devices.2 . *Scope of Sensors*: The project mentions using specific sensors (temperature, moisture, humidity), which may not cover all parameters relevant for comprehensive plant monitoring.3 . *Interoperability*: The paper may not address potential challenges in ensuring seamless communication and integration among different IoT devices and platforms.4 . *Scalability*: It might not discuss the scalability of the system for larger agricultural setups or diverse plant types.5 . *Data Security and Privacy*: There could be a lack of emphasis on data security and privacy concerns associated with IoT -based monitoring systems.

7. VIDYA VIKAS INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering PROBLEM STATEMENT To design and implement a system which can monitor the soil content using sensors and according to it irrigates the agriculture field with the help of IOT.

8. VIDYA VIKAS INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering METHODOLOGY When sensors get ON it will read the data from soil and from surrounding. According to the values that are detected by sensors ,motor will turn ON/OFF. If moisture OFF. If value, then motor is turn ON. If moisture level is high, then it will stop the motor and water supply will also stop. If water level is low in tank, then it will also have detected by the ultrasonic sensor. All the values that are collected from sensors is send via ESP8266 Wi-Fi module to thing speak cloud server and it store in online database (firebase) via dummy server.

9. VIDYA VIKAS INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering COMPONENTS HARDWARE: NODEMCU SOIL MOISTURE DTH11 SENSOR RELAY RAIN SENSOR PIR SENSOR SOFTWARE: Arduino IDE Blynk App

10. VIDYA VIKAS INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering HARDWARE: NODEMCU: NodeMCU is Open Source IoT Platform. It is the key Component of our project. MCU means micro control unit. Features- it is 32 bit MCU and it has ESP8266 Wi-Fi protocol. It is 17 pin GPIO(General purpose input output).It has a inbuilt Wi-Fi through this Wi-Fi the data can be transmitted. In NODEMCU the user program can be external flash memory. It uses low power. Clock frequency go up to 80MHz and 64kb RAM

11. VIDYA VIKAS INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering SOIL MOISTURE : Soi l Moisture Sensor is used to Measure the Volumetric Content of soil. In soil Dielectric Permittivity is function of water content. It has operating voltage of +5v dc. It is used in many applications like agriculture and landscape irrigation.

12. VIDYA VIKAS INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering DTH11 Sensor : The DHT11 is a commonly used Temperature and humidity sensor that comes with a dedicated NTC to measure temperature and an 8-bit microcontroller to output the values of temperature and humidity as serial data. Features of DHT11 Sensor Cheap in Price. 3 to 5V power and I/O 2.5mA max current use during conversion (while requesting data) Good for 20-80% humidity readings with 5% accuracy Good for 0-50°C temperature readings ±2°C accuracy No over 1 Hz rate (once every second)

13. VIDYA VIKAS INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering RELAY : A 5v relay is an automatic switch that is commonly used in an automatic control circuit and to control a high-current using a low-current signal. The input voltage of the relay signal ranges from 0 to 5V

14. VIDYA VIKAS INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering The rain sensor module is an easy tool for rain detection. It can be used as a switch when raindrop falls through the raining board and also for measuring rainfall intensity. RAIN SENSOR :

15. VIDYA VIKAS INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering   SOFTWARE: Arduino IDE: The open source Arduino IDE software makes it easy to use and upload the code to the boards such as Arduino UNO, Node MCU etc. The Arduino IDE support the languages C and C++ using special rules of code structuring.

16. VIDYA VIKAS INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering Blynk App : Blynk is a software company that provides infrastructure for the Internet of Things. If the ESP32 is connected with WIFI and Internet server , then you can control the relay module from Blynk App and push-buttons. You can control, monitor the current status of the switches from anywhere in the world from the Blynk App.

17. VIDYA VIKAS INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering   CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

18. VIDYA VIKAS INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering   EXPECTED OUTCOME A system to monitor temperature, humidity, moisture levels in the soil was designed and the project provides an opportunity to study the existing systems, along with their features and drawbacks. Agriculture is one of the most water-consuming activities. The proposed system can be used to switch the motor (on/off) depending on favourable condition of plants i.e. sensor values, thereby automating the process of irrigation. which is one of the most time efficient activities in farming, which helps to prevent over irrigation or under irrigation of soil thereby avoiding crop damage. The farm owner can monitor the process online through a android App. Though this project can be concluded that there can be considerable development in farming with the use of IOT and automation.

19. VIDYA VIKAS INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering   ADVANTAGES The system is quite affordable and feasible. This system is also helpful in the region where there is scarcity of water and improves their sustainability Can also be adjusted according to the need of varieties of crops to be irrigated This system will save plenty of time. By this process we can also save water.

20. VIDYA VIKAS INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering   LIMITATIONS This system uses only two parameters of soil like soil moisture and temperature, other parameters humidity, light, air moisture, soil pH value not taken for decision making. This system works on soil moisture and temperature sensor threshold value.

21. VIDYA VIKAS INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering   REFERENCES Abhishek Gupta, Shailesh Kuma at, Shubham Garg, "Automated Plant Watering System", Vol-2, Issue-4, 2016 ISSN: 2454- 1362. S. Rajagopal, V. Krishnamurthy, OO design for an IoT based automated plant watering system, in IEEE International Conference on Computer, Communication, and Signal Processing (2017) Gisha and Jamaal, “wireless sensors network based automated irrigation and crop field monitoring system”, in sixth international conference on advanced computing, 2014. Jamaal , Spivak ,Spivak, Saravanan," Smart Garden Monitoring System Using IOT",IEEE,pp.5 - 10,2018.

22. VIDYA VIKAS INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering