Modelling and Experimentation to find optimal .pptx

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1. SURA -2022 Summer Undergraduate Research Award Modelling and Experimentation to find optimal Electrospray design to capture Aerosols/Nanoparticles . Shlokh Mohta (2020AM10670) Samarthya Gupta (2020AM10290) Facilitator Prof. Bhani Ray Mechanical Engineering

2. Introduction Problem Statement Motivation Behind Research Literature review Objectives Methodology Proposed Budget Timeline References

3. Problem Statement In this fastly developing technologised and industrialised world, air quality is getting sacrificed for years and ages. It is almost impossible to get pure and healthy air to breathe in. Electrosprays fitted systems are developed as a solution to reduce pollution levels. An electrospray is a filterless device that removes aerosols, dust and smoke from a flowing gas using electrically charged mist. But the efficiency of the Electrospray system is questionable and its cost to function ratio is not at par with its peer technologies.

4. Motivation Behind the Research We have all are struggling with COVID-19 since the beginning of 2020. Even after vaccination, we will have to learn to live with the virus, to live with the necessary precautions and the respiratory problems it brought. But then we came up with a question: Can’t we use Electrosprays to curb the transmission of these bio-aerosols as well? The fight against the biologically active world and air degradation became one of our motivations to work on this research.

5. Motivation Behind the Research The WHO estimates that around 7 million people die from exposure to polluted air every year. 9 out of 10 people worldwide breathe polluted air, which causes several fatal diseases. Statistics show that ambient air pollution alone caused some 4.2 million deaths in 2016, while household air pollution from cooking with polluting fuels and technologies caused an estimated 3.8 million deaths in the same period. Various pollution-free technologies have been grooming for more than a decade to fight combat against air pollution. Electrospray is one of these technologies and it also does not require the replacement of any filter as in filter-based indoor purifiers which also motivated us to take up this project.

6. Literature Review The Electrospray is based on an aerosol reactor setup, which is a method to produce micron or submicron charged water drop. A cone-jet is used to pump liquid through a nozzle at a low flow rate (µL/hour to mL/hour). An electric field is applied between the nozzle and a counter electrode. This electric field induces a surface charge in the growing droplet at the nozzle. Due to this surface charge and the electric field, electric stress is created on the liquid surface. If the electric field and the liquid flow rate are in the appropriate range, this electric stress will overcome the surface tension stress and transform the droplet at the nozzle into a conical shape.

7. The tangential component of the electric field accelerates the charge carriers (mainly ions) at the liquid surface toward the cone apex. These ions collide with liquid molecules, accelerating the surrounding liquid. As a result, a thin liquid jet emerges at the cone apex. Depending on the ratio of the normal electric stress over the surface tension stress in the jet surface, the jet will break up due to axis-symmetric instabilities The droplets produced by Electrospray carry a high electric charge close to the Rayleigh charge limit. To avoid Rayleigh’s disintegration of the droplets, the droplets are completely or partially neutralised . Rayleigh disintegration happens when the mutual repulsion of electric charges exceeds the confining force of surface tension. As a result, the droplets evaporate. Neutralisation is with ions of opposite charge created by corona discharge. Literature Review

8. Objectives To Build CAD models of electrospray To optimise the design of the electrospray. After experimenting, calculate the collection efficiency of the model and see its variation with the following parameters: i . Particle Size ii. Flow Fields iii. Charge on Aerosols - natural and through devices like corona discharger To compare the developed models. Finally, propose the model for maximum collection efficiency to ensure the purification of outlet air.

9. Methodology CAD model of the nozzle of electrospray will be made. Experimental Setup will be tested in a controlled environment. Using SMPS or Dustback instrument we will measure the number of nanoparticles and dust in input and output air.

10. Proposed Budget Total = ₹ 25,000 1. Procurement of aerosol particles - ₹25,000

11. TIMELINE

12. References Development of electrospray based indoor air cleaner system: Modeling and comparison with experiments R.Thaokar , A. Ralhan, V. Gardare , F. Ahmad, C. Venkataraman and Y.S.Mayya https://www.gilberttechnologies.eu/basic-principle-of-electro-hydrodynamic-atomization/

13. Thank You