Moderate climatic zone ppt

Climate zone of banglore and pune.
and case studies also added

1. Moderate climatic zone

2. Climatic zones of India Our country is divided into five major climatic zones: 1. Hot and dry climate 2. warm and humid climate 3. Composite climate 4. Moderate climate 5. Cold climate  

3. Moderate climate ▪ The moderate climate has mild to warm summers and cool winters. ▪ The need for winter home heating is greater than the need for summer cooling. ▪ It is a relatively comfortable climate, especially near the coast, where summers are cooler and winters warmer than further inland. ▪ In the mountains of the Great Dividing Range, winters are cold and summers are pleasantly mild. ▪ Few opening on external side other than door.

4. ▪ Cooking and sleeping outdoor in summer were as inside in winter. ▪ Pune and Bangalore are examples of cities that fall under this climatic zone. Areas having a moderate climate are generally located on hilly or high-plateau regions with fairly abundant vegetation. ▪ The solar radiation in this region is more or less the same throughout the year. Being located at relatively higher elevations, these places experience lower temperatures than hot and dry regions. The temperatures are neither too hot nor too cold. In summers, the temperature reaches 30 – 34 ºC during the day and 17 – 24 ºC at night. In winter, the maximum temperature is between 27 to 33 ºC during the day and 16 to 18 ºC at night. ▪ The relative humidity is low in winters and summers, varying from 20 – 55%, and going upto 55 – 90% during monsoons. The total rainfall usually exceeds 1000 mm per year. Winters are dry in this zone. Winds are generally high during summer. Their speed and direction depend mainly upon the topography. The sky is mostly clear with occasional presence of low, dense clouds during summers. ▪ The design criteria in the moderate zone are to reduce heat gain by providing shading, and to promote heat loss by ventilation.

5. Climate responsive building

6. Major Places in india with moderate climate Bangalore Pune

7. bangalore Latitude: 12 58’ N Longitude: 77 35’ E Altitude: 921m above mean sea level Temperature range: 15.1 C to 35 C Relative humidity: 65.2% (average annual relative humidity)

8. Building materials used Floor: Lime concrete Walls: Stone masonry with lime mortar Roof: Stone slabs with lime concrete screed cover for flat roof. Mangalore tiles for sloping roof.

9. Passive features ▪ Reduction of solar heat gain: - by orientation of the bedrooms towards north - by shading of east and west walls by neighboring buildings. - by shading the windows and walls with projecting stone slabs. ▪ Reduction of internal heat gain: - by placing the kitchen outdoors in summer(and indoor in winter). ▪ Reduction of heat transfer to interior - by insulating roof. ▪ Increase of heat loss - by ventilation and smoke outlet through chimney.

10. pune Latitude: 18 31’ N Longitude: 73 55’ E Altitude: 560 m above sea level Temperature range: 19 to 33 C Relative humidity: 59.3% (average annual relative humidity)

11. CASE STUDY

12. Traditional Houses with Stone Walls in Temperate Climates: The Impact of Various Insulation Strategies

13. The building is located between the Apennines and the Adriatic Sea. These buildings often have problems during the summertime due to low temperatures for considerable heat loss to the ground. In the city of Fabriano situated 325 m above sea level and with 2198 degree days (longitude 13°37’; latitude 43°62’). The farmhouse has two floors above ground level and is characterized by a surface area to volume ratio of 0.60; it is oriented with its longitudinal axis rotated 45° clockwise with respect to the north-south direction. Walls have high thermal inertia.

14. Experimental results Summertime monitoring

15. Weather scheme of the monitored weeks

16. Experimental results The thermal peaks that occur on the external side of the walls are not present on the internal side and the internal surface to discomfort. temperatures are low, leading On the sunny day the maximum range in temperature between the internal and the external façade is about 6°C to the south and 10°C to the north; the indoor surface temperatures throughout the day are around 20°C to the north and 22°C to the south.

17. Internal and external surface temperatures in northern and southern side during the summer period

18. Operative temperature on the southern room Impact of ventilation on thermal inertia during the summertime. The graph shows the internal surface temperatures recorded in two rooms: one with windows opened and one with windows closed

19. 2. Wintertime monitoring An analysis of the indoor surface temperatures shows that the south-facing room is about 15°C warmer than the north-facing one. This is due to the fact that the north-facing part of the building is not heated. In both cases (with heating on or off) the indoor surface temperatures have a very constant trend, without fluctuations. As regards the temperatures of the south-facing wall, it can be observed that on both cloudy and sunny days, even with very different external surface temperatures, the indoor surface temperature is around 16° - 17°C: this value is very low and causes indoor discomfort.

20. Internal and external surface temperatures in northern and southern side during the winter period Operative temperature in wintertime .

21. Analytic results To analyze the relative impact of different types of energy saving solutions on summer comfort several simulation models were developed and compared. We separated the interventions that do not affect the architectural image and the interventions that alter the architectural appearance of the building. In the second stage the interventions on visible elements and interventions on the nonvisible elements were combined and the building optimised according to the new regulations on energy saving was compared with a new lightweight super-insulated building. The study of discomfort hours using the Method of Percentage outside the comfort range (Method A- Annex F- ISO EN 15251) gave the following results

22. Discomfort hours. The total amount of hours in the hot season is equal to 2928 (1 June – 30 September)

23. 2. CENTRE FOR APPLICATION OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY FOR RURAL AREAS (ASTRA), BANGALORE Location : Bangalore, Karnataka Climate : Moderate Brief description of the building : The building is a ground and one- storeyed structure and is used as an office building. The salient feature of the building is the use of various alternative building materials that are affordable, environment friendly and energy efficient.

24. Section and sketch plan of Ecohouse , Auroville

25. Energy conscious features: - Sized stone masonry with composite mortars in foundations, steam-cured stabilized blocks for ground floor load-bearing walls, and soil-cement blocks for the first floor walls. The external exposed walls are coated with transparent silicone paint for protection from erosion - Precast chajjas and brackets are made of ferrocement - Reinforced blockwork lintels are used above openings such as doors and windows - Soil-cement block filler slabs are used for floors and roof. An additional weatherproof course using tiles is provided on the roof

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