Module 1- Properties of fluid- FM Basics.pptx

Fluid properties and basic definitions are covered in this

1. Properties of Fluids Presented By – Mr. Jitendra Acharya Assistant Professor & I/C Head of Mechanical Engineering Department VPM’s Maharshi Parshuram College of Engineering, Velneshwar .

2. PROPERTIES OF FLUIDS DENSITY or MASS DENSITY ( ρ - Greek letter rho ) - The density, or the volumetric mass density, of a substance is the ratio of its mass to its volume at standard pressure and temperature. The symbol most often used for density is ρ Mathematically, and unit is kg/m³. SPECIFIC WEIGHT or WEIGHT DENSITY ( γ - Greek letter gamma ) - The weight density, or the specific weight, of a substance is the ratio of its weight to its volume at standard pressure and temperature. The symbol used for density is ‘ γ ’ Mathematically,  

3. PROPERTIES OF FLUIDS SPECIFIC VOLUME ( v) - Specific volume of a fluid is defined as the volume of fluid occupied by a unit mass. Or ‘Volume per unit mass.’ The symbol most often used for density is ‘v’ Mathematically, . SPECIFIC GRAVITY - Specific gravity of the fluid is defined as the ratio of the weight density of fluid to the weight density of standard fluid like water, air etc. The symbol is ‘S’  

4. PROPERTIES OF FLUIDS VISCOSITY or Dynamic Viscosity - The property of fluid which determines its resistance to shearing stress. Or ‘The property of fluid which offers resistance to the movement of one layer of fluid over another adjacent layer of fluid. The symbol for dynamic viscosity is ‘ μ ’ (Greek letter ‘mu’ ) Mathematically, Unit of Viscosity – SI Unit – N-s/m² or Pa-s (As N/m² is Pascal) MKS Unit – kgf -sec/ m² CGS Unit – dyne-sec/ cm² (Poise) Unit Conversion – 1 Poise =  

5. PROPERTIES OF FLUIDS KINEMATIC VISCOSITY - It is the ratio between the dynamic viscosity and density of fluid. The symbol for kinematic viscosity is ‘ ν ’ (Greek letter ‘Nu’ ) Mathematically, Unit of Kinematic Viscosity – SI Unit – m²/s MKS Unit – m²/ sec CGS Unit –cm²/ sec (Stoke) Unit Conversion – 1 stoke =  

6. PROPERTIES OF FLUIDS Newtons law of Viscosity - It states that, ‘ The shear stress on a fluid element layer is directly Proportional to the rate of shear strain’ The top layer causes shear stress on lower adjacent layer and vice versa. This shear stress is directly proportional to the rate of change of velocity With respect to ‘y’. Mathematically, where, μ is proportionality constant called as, ‘coefficient of viscosity’.  

7. TYPES OF FLUIDS Ideal Fluid Real Fluid Newtonian Fluid Non – Newtonian Fluid Ideal Plastic Fluid Dilatent Fluid PseudoPlastic Fluid Thyxotropic Substance/fluid

8. SURFACE TENSION ‘The tensile force acting on the surface of liquid in contact with gas or on the surface between two immiscible liquids’. Denoted by – σ (Sigma) SI Unit – N/m Surface tension on Liquid Droplet – Surface tension on Hollow Bubble - Surface tension on Liquid Jet -