Module 4 FRAME INSIGHTS IN INNOVATION AND DESIGN THINKING.pptx

Module 4 FRAME INSIGHTS IN INNOVATION AND DESIGN THINKING.pptx

1. Dr Nagarajan G Professor in Management Sciences Rajarajeswari College of Engineering Bengaluru-74

2. Module 4 :FRAME INSIGHTS Frame Insights: Mindsets, Exploring Systems, Looking for Patterns, Constructing Overviews, Identifying Opportunities, Developing Guiding Principles. Frame Insights: Methods, Observations to Insights, Insights Sorting, User Observation Database Queries, User Response Analysis, ERAF Systems Diagram, Descriptive Value Web, Entities Position Map, Venn Diagramming, Tree/Semi-Lattice Diagramming, Symmetric Clustering Matrix, Asymmetric Clustering Matrix, Activity Network, Insights Clustering Matrix, Semantic Profile, User Groups Definition, Compelling Experience Map, User Journey Map, Summary Framework, Design Principles Generation, Analysis Workshop.

3. Frame Insights: Frame Insights is a methodology that complements Design Thinking by providing a structured approach to analyzing severe problems and identifying opportunities for innovation. Here's how Frame Insights integrates with Design Thinking: 1 . Empathize (Design Thinking) = Mindsets (Frame Insights): Understand users' needs, assumptions, and biases. 2. Define (Design Thinking) = Exploring Systems and Looking for Patterns (Frame Insights): Analyze the problem space, identify key components, and recognize patterns. 3. Ideate (Design Thinking) = Identifying Opportunities (Frame Insights): Generate ideas and identify potential solutions .

4. 4. Prototype and Test (Design Thinking) = Constructing Overviews and Developing Guiding Principles (Frame Insights): Develop and refine solutions, ensuring they align with guiding principles. Frame Insights enhances Design Thinking by Providing a more systematic approach to analysis Helping identify blind spots and biases- Revealing patterns and connections- Informing decision-making with guiding principles

5. Empathize (Design Thinking) = Mindsets (Frame Insights) Understand users' assumptions, beliefs, and values Recognize your own biases and assumptions Empathize with users' needs and perspectives Define (Design Thinking) = Exploring Systems + Looking for Patterns (Frame Insights) Map the complex system and its components Identify relationships, dynamics, and patterns Define the problem statement and scope

6. Ideate (Design Thinking) = Identifying Opportunities (Frame Insights) Generate ideas and solutions Identify potential areas for innovation and improvement Explore new possibilities and opportunities Prototype (Design Thinking) = Constructing Overviews (Frame Insights) Develop a comprehensive overview of the solution Integrate insights and ideas into a cohesive narrative Create prototypes to test and refine

7. Test (Design Thinking) = Developing Guiding Principles (Frame Insights) Refine solutions based on feedback and testing Establish guiding principles for decision-making and action Ensure solutions align with users' needs and values By integrating Frame Insights with Design Thinking, you can: Gain a deeper understanding of complex systems and user needs Identify innovative opportunities and solutions Develop effective guiding principles for decision-making Create user-centered solutions that address real needs This combined approach enables a more comprehensive and structured design thinking process, leading to more effective and innovative solutions.

8. Here's a detailed explanation of each Frame Insight method in the context of Design Thinking: Frame insights -Methods: Define the research approach and tools used to gather data, such as: User interviews Surveys Observational studies Usability testing Contextual inquiry

9. Observations to Insights: Analyze data to identify patterns, themes, and connections, transforming observations into actionable insights. This involves: Coding and categorizing data Identifying pain points and opportunities Recognizing user behaviors and motivations

10. Insights Sorting & Categorization: Organize and prioritize insights based on relevance, impact, and feasibility, using techniques like: Affinity(attracting) mapping Mind mapping Prioritization matrices User Observation Database Queries : Systematically explore and analyze user data to uncover hidden patterns and trends, using methods like: Database queries Statistical analysis Data visualization

11. The ERAF Systems Diagram is a powerful tool for visualizing and understanding complex systems. Here's a breakdown of what each component represents: - Entities (E): The people, organizations, or things that make up the system, such as users, customers, teams, departments, or external partners. - Relationships (R): The connections or interactions between entities, including communication, data exchange, or dependencies. - Activities (A): The tasks, processes, or functions that occur within the system, such as workflows, transactions, or operations. - Flows (F): The movements or transfers of resources, information, or materials within the system, such as data flows, material flows, or financial flows.

12. By mapping these components, the ERAF Systems Diagram helps you: STEP 1: Identify entities of the system. STEP 2: Define relations and flows among entities. STEP 3: Define attributes of entities STEP 4: Refine the network diagram STEP 5: Analyze the diagram STEP 6: Discuss the diagram and extract insights

13. This diagram is particularly useful for: System analysis and design Process improvement and optimization Communication and stakeholder management Identifying potential bottlenecks or pain points By using the ERAF Systems Diagram, you can gain a deeper understanding of complex systems and make informed decisions to improve them.

14. Descriptive Value Web: Map stakeholders, activities, and value exchanges to understand the system's dynamics. Identify areas for improvement and opportunities for innovation. Empathize with stakeholders and understand their needs and motivations.

15. STEP 1: List all relevant stakeholders in the given context. STEP 2: Determine relevant value flows. STEP 3: Draw an initial value web. STEP 4: Analyse the value web. STEP 5: Review and refine the value web.

16. Entities Position Map: Calculating entities on a position map to analyze their distribution and grouping patterns Position entities (users, customers, teams) based on attributes (needs, behaviors, goals). Identify patterns, relationships, and potential conflicts. Develop user perceptions and understand their roles in the system.

17. How it works STEP 1: Identify entities for comparison. STEP 2: Determine attributes for comparison. STEP 3: Create a position map and plot entities. STEP 4: Analyse the position map. STEP 5: Share insights and discuss.

18. Venn Diagramming: A team of students in a Design Analysis project at the IIT Institute of Design sought to analyze a Midwest alliance of community-based development organizations that provides safe and affordable housing. The objective of this project was to analyze and understand the interactions, structures, and motivations of these social service organizations. The team wanted to conclude the project with some defined opportunity areas and insights about techniques to achieve them.

19. They performed a membership analysis of the alliance to better understand the types of organizations that comprised it. The analysis revealed four initial organization clusters: Housing Development Corporations, Faith Based Organizations, Special Interest Groups, and Distant Affiliations. Using these clusters, the team created a Venn Diagram around the organizations in the alliance. While developing the diagram the team discussions led to the identification of an additional cluster, the Neighborhood Associations.

20. The team determined that Neighborhood Associations were more audience-focused, while Housing Development Corporations were more housing-focused. The housing and audience focal points became the main overlapping circles in the Venn diagram with Special Interest Groups falling into the overlap between them. Distant Affiliations and Faith-Based organizations fell outside of these circles, but within the umbrella category covering social interests. The team didn’t simply fit the clusters to the Venn diagram circles, but rather formed the diagram from the bottom up around the clusters. The Venn Diagramming method provided the team with a simple, visual way to organize and make connections of the different types of organizations they were analyzing.

21. Venn Diagramming is an effective method to analyze the overlaps between two or more clusters of entities. The most common context in which the method is used is for industry-level analysis. For example, if examining innovations in the video game industry, understanding overlaps between developments in the electronics, entertainment, and computer industries would be beneficial. Venn diagrams use visualizations with overlapping circles. The interior of a circle represents the entities in that cluster, while the exterior represents entities that are not members of that cluster.

22. Venn diagrams typically support not more than three or four overlapping clusters; beyond this, the diagram becomes difficult to read and complicated to understand. Visualize overlapping relationships between sets (users, features, benefits). Identify areas of intersection and potential opportunities. Clarify complex relationships and dependencies.

23. HOW IT WORKS STEP 1: Identify entities for grouping and overlapping. STEP 2: Cluster entities and overlap clusters. STEP 3: Analyze the clusters and overlaps. STEP 4: Share insights and discuss.

24. Tree/Semi-Lattice Diagramming The merging of trends in population growth, climate change, and resource reduction will undoubtedly have an impact on our living habits. Using principles of structured planning, students at the IIT Institute of Design developed self-sufficient dwellings for the future that integrate support for human aspirations.

25. In the first phase of the project, student teams worked on five segments Resource Provision, Environmental Management, Biological Support, Personal Development, and Social Development that the new housing system should address. Through contextual research, each team working on a segment identified their segment’s critical issues and established the different users, activities, and functions occurring in that segment. Analysis of all activities resulted in a function structure comprising different modes under which different activities and functions were represented.

26. Represent hierarchical or network relationships between entities (users, features, systems). Identify patterns, structures, and potential improvements. Develop a clear understanding of complex systems and relationships.

27. HOW IT WORKS STEP 1 : Identify entities at various levels. List all lower-level entities. These are the most fundamental components in the system. For example, if diagramming people’s shopping behaviors, their specific tasks (e.g. making a grocery list) will be at the lowest level, their activities (e.g. making payments) next, and their mode/s (e.g. shopping) at the highest level. STEP 2: Construct the tree diagram. Build the tree diagram either bottom-up by starting with the lowest level of entities or top-down starting with the highest level of entities. Represent entities as dots or circles, and connect the child entities to parent entities with lines .

28. STEP 3: Analyze the diagram. What can we learn from the shape of the tree/ semi-lattice with its branching patterns? Are there branches that are distinctly denser or leaner than others? Or is the tree/semi-lattice balanced? Are there any missing entities or relations? Are entities distinct enough to be in those levels? If there are many cross-links in the semi-lattice, what do they mean? Does the tree/semi-lattice reflect your understanding of the context? Capture these insights and show them in relation to the tree/semi-lattice diagram. STEP 4: Share insights and discuss. Prepare documents summarizing insights learned through analysis. Share with team members and discuss how the existing hierarchy affects the context and where opportunities for concepts may be found.

29. These tools help designers and researchers: Understand complex systems and relationships Identify patterns, themes, and opportunities Develop empathy for users and stakeholders Inform design decisions with a deep understanding of the system By applying these tools, you can gain a deeper understanding of complex systems, identify opportunities for innovation, and develop effective design solutions that meet user needs.

30. 1. Symmetric Clustering Matrix: Group entities (users, features, etc.) based on similarities and relationships. Identify clusters and patterns, informing user segmentation and feature grouping. Empathize with users by understanding their similarities and differences. 2. Asymmetric Clustering Matrix: Group entities based on attributes and relationships, focusing on asymmetrical relationships. Identify dependencies, influences, and potential areas for improvement. Understand user behaviors, motivations, and needs.

31. Activity Network: Visualize relationships between activities, entities, and resources. Identify workflows, processes, and potential bottlenecks. Inform process improvements and system design. Insights Clustering Matrix: Group insights based on themes, patterns, and relationships. Identify key areas for innovation and opportunity. Develop a clear understanding of user needs and motivations.

32. These tools help designers and researchers: Identify patterns and relationships Inform user segmentation and feature development Understand user behaviors and motivations Develop empathy and insights-driven design solutions By applying these tools, you can: Gain a deeper understanding of complex systems and relationships Identify opportunities for innovation and improvement Develop effective design solutions that meet user needs These tools are particularly useful during the "Define" and "Ideate" stages of the Design Thinking process, helping you make sense of complex data and identify opportunities for innovation.

33. Semantic Profile: - Analyze language and terminology used by users and stakeholders. - Identify patterns, themes, and meanings. - Develop a deep understanding of user needs, motivations, and behaviors. User Groups Definition: - Identify and define user groups based on attributes, needs, and behaviors. - Develop user personas and profiles. - Inform design decisions with a clear understanding of user groups.