Module One - Introduction to Substations - NCCER Substation Slides

Module One - Introduction to Substations - NCCER Substation Slides

1. Introduction to Substations Module One – 82201-12

2. Objectives Upon completion of this module, you will be able to do the following : Describe the functions performed by various substations. Identify the voltage classes that exist in substations. Identify the following medium- and high-voltage equipment: Buses Disconnect switches Oil circuit breakers Gas circuit breakers Vacuum circuit breakers Power transformers Instrument transformers Capacitors Reactors Interpret a one-line substation diagram. Describe the safe work practices used with substations, including clearance zones and lockout/ tagout requirements.

3. Performance Tasks Under the supervision of the instructor, you should be able to do the following : 1 . Interpret a one-line substation diagram.

4. Figure 1 — Power substation

5. Figure 2 — Transmission and distribution substations

6. Table 1 — Typical Voltage Classifications

7. Figure 3 — Switching substation

8. Figure 4 — Transmission substation adjacent to a power station

9. Figure 5 — Subtransmission substation

10. Figure 6 — Distribution substation

11. Figure 7 — Underground distribution substation

12. Figure 8 — Wind energy site power flow

13. Figure 9 — Busbars , or buses

14. Figure 10 — Single bus arrangement

15. Figure 11 — Hook switch disconnects

16. Figure 12 — Gang-operated disconnect switch

17. Figure 13 — Arc horns

18. Figure 14 — Loadbreak switch with an interrupter

19. Figure 15 — Circuit switcher

20. Figure 16 — Power circuit breaker

21. Figure 17 — Vacuum circuit breaker

22. Figure 18 — Live tank, puffer-style SF 6 circuit breaker

23. Figure 19 — Three-pole, dead tank SF 6 circuit breaker

24. Figure 20 — Puffer-style air-blast breaker contacts

25. Figure 21 — Three 100kV oil-filled circuit breakers

26. Figure 22 — Transformer operation

27. Figure 23 — Multi-tap transformer

28. Figure 24 — OLTC transformer arrangement

29. Figure 25 — Autotransformer construction

30. Figure 26 — Autotransformer

31. Figure 27 — Forced-air, liquid-cooled transformer

32. Figure 28 — Current transformers on a circuit breaker

33. Figure 29 — Toroid (donut-type) current transformers

34. Figure 30 — 500:5 ratio CT illustration

35. Figure 31 — Iron core CT

36. Figure 32 — Bar-style CT

37. Figure 33 — Potential transformer being field repaired

38. Figure 34 — Basic capacitor element structure

39. Figure 35 — Substation capacitor structure

40. Figure 36 — Capacitor bank

41. Figure 37 — Dry air-core, three-phase reactor

42. Figure 38 — Oil-filled, single-phase reactor

43. Figure 39 — Substation voltage regulators

44. Figure 40 — Current transformers

45. Figure 41 — Lightning arresters

46. Figure 42 — Collector substation single line diagram

47. Figure 43 — Distribution substation single line diagram

48. Figure 44 — Substation warning signs

49. Table 2 — Distance to Maintain from Energized Components for Unqualified Personnel

50. Table 3 — OSHA AC Live-Line Work Minimum Approach Distance

51. Figure 45 — Temporary protective ground cables

52. Figure 46 — TPG testing unit

53. Figure 47 — Multi-range voltage detector

54. Figure 48 — Using a voltage tester

55. Figure 49 — Individual phase and phase-to-phase grounding techniques

56. Figure 50 — Construction equipment working on incoming transmission lines

57. Figure 51 — Load interrupter switches

58. Figure 52 — Hot line ammeter

59. Figure 53 — Grounding mat

60. Figure 54 — Loadbreak tool in action

61. Supplemental Art

62. Course Map

63. Appendix A

64. Appendix B