Most famous Holocaust poem of all time, First They Came for the J.docx

Most famous Holocaust poem of all time, "First They Came for the Jews," was written by Martin Niemöller, a Lutheran pastor and theologian who was born in Germany in 1892. At one time a supporter of Hitler’s policies, he eventually recanted and as a result was arrested and confined to the Sachsenhausen and Dachau concentration camps from 1938 to 1945. After narrowly avoiding execution at the hands of the Nazis, he was liberated by the Allies in 1945 and continued his career in Germany as a clergyman, pacifist and anti-war activist.


FIRST, THEY CAME by Martin Niemöller
First, they came for the Communists
And I did not speak out Because I was not a Communist
Then they came for the Socialists
And I did not speak out Because I was not a Socialist
Then they came for the trade unionists
And I did not speak out Because I was not a trade unionist
Then they came for the Jews
And I did not speak out Because I was not a Jew
Then they came for me
And there was no one left to speak out for me








Do Not Stand at My Grave and Weep
Do not stand at my grave and weep,I am not there, I do not sleep.I am in a thousand winds that blow,I am the softly falling snow.I am the gentle showers of rain,I am the fields of ripening grain.I am in the morning hush,I am in the graceful rushOf beautiful birds in circling flight,I am the starshine of the night.I am in the flowers that bloom,I am in a quiet room.I am in the birds that sing,I am in each lovely thing.Do not stand at my grave and cry,I am not there. I do not die.
Mary Elizabeth Frye
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After my Death

by Chayim Nachman Bialik     (5664--1903/4)
Translated from the Hebrew by David P. Stern



After my death, thus shall you mourn me
"There was a man --and see: he is no more!
Before his time did this man depart
And the song of his life in its midst was stilled
And alas! One more tune did he have
And now that tune is forever lost
Forever lost!

And great is the pity! For a harp had he
A living and singing soul
And this poet, whenever he voiced it
The inner secrets of his heart it expressed
All its strings his hand would make sing out.
Yet one hidden chord now is lost with him
Round and round it his fingers would dance
One string in his heart, mute has remained
Mute has remained -- to this very day!

And great, oh great is the pity!
All its life this string would tremble
Silently quivering, silently trembling
To sound the tune that would set it free
Yearning, thirsting, sorrowing, desiring
As the heart sorrows for what fate has decreed
Though its tune was delayed -- every day did it wait
And with unheard whisper begged it to come
Its time came and passed, and it never arrived
It never arrived!

And great, oh, how great is the pain
There was a man --and see: he is no more
And the song of his life in its midst is stilled
One more melody did he have
And now that song is forever lost
Forever lost!





Der Himmel
"The Heavens"
by Ber Horvitz
loose translation by Michael R. Burch

These skies
are ...

1. Most famous Holocaust poem of all time, "First They Came for
the Jews," was written by Martin Niemöller, a Lutheran pastor
and theologian who was born in Germany in 1892. At one time a
supporter of Hitler’s policies, he eventually recanted and as a
result was arrested and confined to the Sachsenhausen and
Dachau concentration camps from 1938 to 1945. After narrowly
avoiding execution at the hands of the Nazis, he was liberated
by the Allies in 1945 and continued his career in Germany as a
clergyman, pacifist and anti-war activist.


FIRST, THEY CAME by Martin Niemöller
First, they came for the Communists
And I did not speak out Because I was not a Communist
Then they came for the Socialists
And I did not speak out Because I was not a Socialist
Then they came for the trade unionists
And I did not speak out Because I was not a trade unionist
Then they came for the Jews
And I did not speak out Because I was not a Jew
Then they came for me
And there was no one left to speak out for me








Do Not Stand at My Grave and Weep
Do not stand at my grave and weep,I am not there, I do not
sleep.I am in a thousand winds that blow,I am the softly falling
snow.I am the gentle showers of rain,I am the fields of ripening

2. grain.I am in the morning hush,I am in the graceful rushOf
beautiful birds in circling flight,I am the starshine of the night.I
am in the flowers that bloom,I am in a quiet room.I am in the
birds that sing,I am in each lovely thing.Do not stand at my
grave and cry,I am not there. I do not die.
Mary Elizabeth Frye
SHARE THIS:



After my Death

by Chayim Nachman Bialik (5664--1903/4)
Translated from the Hebrew by David P. Stern



After my death, thus shall you mourn me
"There was a man --and see: he is no more!
Before his time did this man depart
And the song of his life in its midst was stilled
And alas! One more tune did he have
And now that tune is forever lost
Forever lost!

And great is the pity! For a harp had he
A living and singing soul
And this poet, whenever he voiced it
The inner secrets of his heart it expressed
All its strings his hand would make sing out.
Yet one hidden chord now is lost with him
Round and round it his fingers would dance
One string in his heart, mute has remained
Mute has remained -- to this very day!

And great, oh great is the pity!

3. All its life this string would tremble
Silently quivering, silently trembling
To sound the tune that would set it free
Yearning, thirsting, sorrowing, desiring
As the heart sorrows for what fate has decreed
Though its tune was delayed -- every day did it wait
And with unheard whisper begged it to come
Its time came and passed, and it never arrived
It never arrived!

And great, oh, how great is the pain
There was a man --and see: he is no more
And the song of his life in its midst is stilled
One more melody did he have
And now that song is forever lost
Forever lost!





Der Himmel
"The Heavens"
by Ber Horvitz
loose translation by Michael R. Burch

These skies
are leaden, heavy, gray ...
I long for a pair
of deep blue eyes.

The birds have fled
far overseas;
tomorrow I’ll migrate too,
I said ...

4. These gloomy autumn days
it rains and rains.
Woe to the bird
Who remains ...

This is powerful little poem, laden with irony. In the first stanza
the poet longs for a pair of "deep blue eyes" because the Nazis
prized Aryan features and despised Jews, who typically have
darker hair, skin and eyes. Therefore, blue eyes are identified
with a blue sky, and both are contrasted with darker, less
"colorful" eyes and skies.

In the second stanza, the birds able to migrate have all fled. The
poet "promises" to migrate too, but realizes this is unlikely if
not impossible.

In the third stanza, the poet suggests a personal plight similar to
that of a bird who failed to migrate before bad weather makes
migration impossible.

The poem's title is also ironic, as "Der Himmel" can mean both
"the sky" and "the heavens." Where was God during the
Holocaust, the poet seems to be asking, ironically.



Question 1
Excel Project 2
Please read the information below carefully
This project has 2 parts:

Part 1:Excel Formulas: (4 Marks)
1. Click here to download your data.
2. Once you completed all the calculations in Excel, save your
workbook with an .xlsx extension and upload it below.
3. If you forget to upload your excel file or accidentally submit

5. the project or upload an incorrect file, you will receive 0 for the
excel section of the project (you cannot send the excel file
manually).

Part 2:Final Answer: (4 Marks)
Enter the id of the saving account (column A) that requests the
minimum initial investment.

Project:
Assume that you are 18 years old and you would like to
have $50000005000000 in your account by the time you
are 6060 years old. A list of various savings accounts was
compiled in your Excel file. Calculate the required initial
(present value) deposit to the savings accounts based on the
interest rates in column C compounded based on the values
in column D. Choose the savings account id (column A) that
requires the minimum initial investment. When you reference
the future value in the PV formula, make sure you add
a negativesign before referencing the cell containing the future
value (see the example below). Using this method all values
in column I will be positive, which makes it easy to find the
minimum value and corresponding saving account ID.
Steps:
1- Convert the words "Yearly", "Monthly", "Daily" to numbers
1, 12, 365 respectively using a Nested IF formula and place the
results in column E
2- Based on the column C and column E evaluate the interest
rate in column F
3- Based on the columnB and columnE evaluate the nper (total
number of periods) in column G
Note:
1- The values in column C are percents (You do NOT need to
divide it by 100).
2- You must use the PV formula (If you are not familiar with
the formula read the short description below)
3- With the exception of number 0, the formulas that you enter

6. in column I must NOT include ANY numbers. Use
absolute/relative references when necessary.
4- Except the cells that you must change, the rest of the cells
are protected

PV Formula:
Syntax: =PV (rate, nper, pmt, [fv], [type])
rate: The interest rate per period
nper: The total number of periods
pmt: The payment made each period
fv: The future value
type: 0=end of period, 1=beginning of period. Enter 0 for this
project

Example:
What investment today grows to $100 at the end of 10 years
with a constant interest rate of 5% compounded monthly?
rate: 0.05/12=0.00417
nper: 10 ××12=120
pmt: 0
fv: 100
type: 0
=PV(0.00417,120, 0, -100, 0)
Why do we add a negative sign before the future value?
We would like to obtain a positive value as the present value,
that is the reason we add a negative before the future value.
Question: Which saving account would you choose to invest
your money in? Type the ID (read the ID from Column A of
your Excel file that corresponds to the minimum present value)
____________

Sheet1IdNumber of
YearsInterestCompoundedCompounded_ConvertedratenperFutur
e ValuePresent
Value1420.076Daily500000020.078Yearly30.088Monthly40.071
Monthly50.063Yearly60.074Yearly70.072Yearly80.086Monthly

7. 90.065Monthly100.064Daily110.082Daily120.09Monthly130.07
3Daily140.066Yearly150.081Monthly160.089Monthly170.077Y
early180.061Daily190.067Daily200.06Monthly