motivation Theory for your Understanding .pptx

Motivation Theory for your understanding ...

1. MOTIVATION

2. Motivation Traditional Theories Fear and Punishment Theory Reward Theory Carrot and Stick Theory Maslow’s Hierarchy needs Herzberg hygiene theory MC. Gregors theory X and Y Modern Theories ‘Z’ Theory Vroom’s Expectancy Three need theory

3. Fear and Punishment Theory Managers developed a strategy of forcing people to work by threatening to punish or dismiss them or cut their rewards if they did not work well. This philosophy is characterized by thinking of aggressiveness and authorities managers Their was a tight control and rigid supervision over workers.

4. Reward Theory This theory tried to establish a direct relationship between efforts and rewards. Bases of Piece rate system of wages Based on the standard manager should decide on degree of rewards and penalties

5. Carrot and Stick Theory This theory suggest a combination of both rewards and penalties for motivation This is based on the strategy of putting carrot in the front of the donkey and hitting it with the stick from behind so it has to run Carrot refers to the incentives Stick refer to the penalties

6. Maslow’s Theory of Motivation Abraham Maslow is well renowned for proposing the Hierarchy of Needs Theory in 1943. He considered an individual's motivation behavior as a predetermined order of needs. Abraham Maslow

7. Hierarchy of Needs Theory Self- A c tuali z a tion need Esteem Needs Social needs Safety needs Basic/ Physiological Needs food, water, air, shelter, sleep, thirst, etc. security of job and need for a predictable, secure and safe environment reputation, prestige, power, status, recognition and respect of others. needs for belongingness, friendship, love, affection, attention and social acceptance. desire for gaining more knowledge, social- service, creativity and being aesthetic

8. Alfred ERG Theory Improved version of maslow’s theory Described r/w b/w human needs and organization set up It comprises of 3 Needs Existence = basic + safety needs Relatedness = self esteem + few safety needs (social) Growth = self esteem + self actualization

9. McGregor :Theory X and Theory Y In 1960, Douglas McGregor Theory Y suggesting f ormul at ed Theor y X and t w o aspects of human behavior at work Douglas McGregor

10. Theory X and Theory Y (Douglas McGregor)

11. Assumptions of Theory X A n a v e r a g e empl o y ee do e s not li k e w or k and tr i e s to escape it whenever possible. He lacks ambition and dislikes responsibility S i nc e the empl o y e e doe s not persuaded, compelled, w a n t t o w ork , h e m u s t be or warned with punishment so as to achieve organizational goals.

12. Assumptions of Theory ‘y’ Employees can perceive their job as relaxing and normal. If the job is rewarding and satisfying, then it will result in employees’ loyalty and commitment to organization. The creativity, resourcefulness and innovative potentiality of the employees can be utilized to solve organizational problems.

13. Herzberg’s Two-Factor Theory of Motivation In 195 9, F r ed e rick He r z b e r g , a beh a vio r al scientist t w o - f ac t or p r o po s ed a th e o r y or the mo t i v a t o r - h y giene theory.

14. Two-Factor Theory (Frederick Herzberg) H y giene factors Motivators

15. Hygiene factors Hygiene factors are those job factors which are essential for existence of motivation at workplace. H y giene f ac t o r s called as m ai n t enanc e f ac t o r s a r e also d i ssa t i s fie s or as th e y a r e r e q ui r ed t o a v oid dissatisfaction. T hese f ac t o r s de s cr i b e the job environment / scenario. Means of Hygiene Factors Company policy and administration Interpersonal relationship Working conditions Salary Status Job security

16. Motivational Factors motivational factors The yi e ld po s it i v e s a ti s f actio n . Thes e f ac t o r s moti v at e the empl o y e e s f o r a sup e rior performance. Thes e a r e f ac to r s i n v ol v ed in per f ormin g the find jo b . t hese i n t r i nsi c ally Empl o y e e s factors rewarding. Means of Motivator Recognition Sense of achievement Growth and promotional opportunities Responsibility

17. David McClelland’s Theory of Needs nAch nPow nAff