Multiple Ovulation Embryo Transfer

The technology with the help of which the herd can be increased with more number of superior cattle.

1. DAIRY MANAGEMENT By- HETAKUMARI PILUDARIA BSc(HONS) Biotechnology Sem 1 MULTIPLE OVULATION EMBRYO TRANSFER HPILUDARIA 1

2. INTRODUCTION Dairy farming  is a class of agriculture for long-term production of milk, which is processed for eventual sale of a  dairy  product. HPILUDARIA 2

3. In this world with increasing population, demand for milk and milk products is increasing day by day . Cattles of desired breed is required in more quantity. Thus, MOET (Multiple Ovulation Embryo Transfer) technique plays a key role in increasing herd size in a given period of time. HPILUDARIA 3

4. OUTLINE Controlling oestrus in donor and recipient. Super ovulation in donor Inseminating the donor Collection of embryo from the donor Implantation of the collected donor HPILUDARIA 4

5. Initial step Controlling and synchronizing oestrus in donor and recipient cows. Cows can be given progesterone hormone treatment like CIDRs or an implant into the ear that will prevent oestrus . HPILUDARIA 5

6. Super-ovulating the donor cows. The donor cows are injected twice a day for four days with a follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) that super-ovulates them, increasing the ovulation rate. Super-ovulating makes them produce a lot more eggs (ova) than normal. HPILUDARIA 6

7. Care to be Taken Cows should be fed well prior to and after calving Should have a sufficient interval after calving – 6 weeks prior to start of program is minimum Should have cycled Should Have been vet checked to ensure they are clean HPILUDARIA 7

8. Inseminating the donor cows . Donor cows are artificially inseminated in the same way as most dairy cows are inseminated. A pistolet is used to place the semen into the reproductive tract of the cow. (Artificial Intelligence) The semen is placed past the cervix into the uterus. HPILUDARIA 8

9. Embryo collection Few days after the fertilization has taken place, the embryos travel down the fallopian tubes. The donor cow is given an epidural injection to relax her bowel . Her rear end is washed and sterilised. HPILUDARIA 9

10. The technician guides a catheter into the vagina, through the cervix and up one side (horn) of the uterus. An inflatable cuff on the catheter is filled with air to hold the catheter in place and fluid is run into the uterine horn . When the horn is filled with fluid it is run back through the catheter and through a very fine filter. This catches the embryos. After repeating this process several times the catheter is transferred to the other horn of the uterus and the process is repeated. HPILUDARIA 10

11. After collection, the cow is released to go back to her paddock. She needs to be given a Prostaglandin injection 3 days after to get her cycling and to remove any embryos that may have been left behind. HPILUDARIA 11

12. The filter is rinsed into a petri dish and searched under a microscope. Once found, the embryos are counted, graded and washed. The embryos can now be loaded into transfer guns (similar to long AI pistolettes ) and transferred into recipients, or frozen. Freezing takes about 2 hours with the embryos held in straws of antifreeze solution and slowly cooled to –30. They are then plunged into liquid nitrogen and stored indefinitely at –190 degrees C. HPILUDARIA 12

13. Embryo transfer Recipient cows are held in the race or head bail, given an epidural and washed. The ovaries are felt to check that the animals have cycled successfully. As with flushing, the transfer gun is inserted into the vagina, passed through the cervix and up one of the uterine horns where the embryo is deposited. HPILUDARIA 13

14. The Donor cow can again be used for super ovulation in order to increase the herd population. HPILUDARIA 14

15. THANK YOU HPILUDARIA 15