Mundka Fire Incident - Case Study.pdf

In this mundka fire is explained .

1. By : EfficazConsulting & Solutions

2. Date :13
th
May 2022
Time : 3:30 afternoon
Venue : A Four-Storey Commercial Building
Location : Mundka area, West delhi, India
Deaths : 27 (Out of which 21 were women)
Number of Injuries : 40
Missing : 29

4. FirebrokeoutatafourstoryofficebuildinginMundkaarea,atowninwest
delhidistrictofIndianstatecapitalDelhionFriday,13
th
ofMay2022
around3.30pm(IST)
Around100+peopleswereinsidethebuildingwhenthefirestarted
Ashortcircuitinthegeneratoronthefirstfloorofthebuildinghadledtoa
fire
ManypartieslikeDelhiFireService,ForensicScienceLaboratory,National
DisasterResponseForce,DelhiMunicipalCorporationwereinvolvedinthe
rescueoperation

5. AnFIRhasbeenregisteredunder
◦Sections304(culpablehomicidenotamountingtomurder),
◦308(attempttocommitculpablehomicide),
◦120(concealingdesigntocommitoffencepunishablewithimprisonment),
◦and34(actsdonebyseveralpersonsinfurtheranceofcommonintention)oftheIPC
NorthDelhiMunicipalCorporationsuspendedtwosectionofficersandone
licensinginspectorforlackofstrictnessinduty

6. S.
No
Facts Points to Remember
1
TheMundka’sBuildingwasin
operationwithouttherequired
NoObjectionCertificate(NOC)
fromtheFiredepartment.
IndustrialUnitdoesnothave
anyapprovalfromfactory
department.
LegalComplianceisveryimportant.Itisnota
formality.Itisforsafetyandsurvivability.
ManypremisesmayhaveNOCandrequired
licensebutmaynothaveauthorizedtostorea
chemicalwhichtheyarestoring.Orstoringina
differentlocationwheretheyshouldnot
supposetostore.
Governmentsdelayoroverlookdoesnot
guaranteeourprotectionfromlaw.
2
Buildinghadmixoccupancies,
i.e.officesatgroundfloor,
industrialcomplexatfirstfloor,
andresidenceattopfloor.
DifferentOccupanciesposesdifferenthazard.
MixofStorage,Production,Officewillbethere
inapremisesbutitneedscarefulplanningand
protectionlikefirebarriers.
3
StaircasesOverloadedwithalot
ofmaterialatthetimeoffire.
ExternalSafetyAuditsareverycriticalto
highlightthedeviationfromdesignandsafety
standards,whichareoverlookedveryoften.

7. S.
No
Facts Points to remember
4
TheBuildinghadaSingle
entry-exitpointandstaircase
ExitDoorsandStaircasecalculationshallbe
doneforeachbuilding,eachfloorandeach
area.Thiscalculationshallbebackedbystate
andnationalbuildingcodes,notbyassumptions
whichmostofpartiesdo.
AtleastTworeliableExitpathwaysrequired.
5
Buildinghadnoproper
compartmentalization.
Fireaffectedthestaircase
enclosure.
Buildings,beitindustrialorcommercialshallbe
dividedintocompartmentssuchthatfireshall
berestrictedwithinthecompartment.
Itshallnotaffecttheentirefloororaffectthe
exitpathwayorstaircase.
6
Theentirebuildingwasnot
equippedwithanyofthe
equipment needed to
extinguishfire
AdequacyofFireProtectionSystemshallalways
becheckedandreviewedwithrespectto
modificationsdone.
ProtectionSystem’sQuantity,Typeofsystem,
deputationatvariouskeyareasandcapacityare
keyforsafety.

8. S.No Facts Points to remember
7
Firestartedonthefirstfloor
ofthebuildingandspread
quicklytootherareas
where
inflammablematerialswas
stored.
Fireshallnotpassfromonefloortootherfloor
andoneareatootherarea.
Allpossiblearrangementslikeutility,electrical
lines,ducts,falseceilingshallbecheckedto
ensurefireislocalized.Itiscalledpassivefire
protectionwhichismoreimportantthanhaving
asophisticatedfirefightingequipments.
8
AlotofPlasticsmaterial
usedtomanufacture
equipment including
securitycamerasandalarge
quantityofcardboardused
forpackagingwerestored
FireLoadCalculationsshallbedonetoassess
theseverityoffire.
Ifitislargestorage,thenquantitativerisk
assessmentshallbedoneforliquid,gasesand
forsolidstorage.

9. S.No Facts Points to remember
9
MotivationalProgramwasgoingon
atsecondfloorwheremost
fatalitiesfound.
Assemblyofpeopleshallbecarefully
assessedevenifitistemporary.
Headcountateacharea,floorand
buildingshallbeseparatelyassessed
consideringthemaximumload.Same
shallbedisplayed.
10
TheFatheroftheOccupier(tenant)
diedinthesameFire.
Accidentnotonlybringfinancialloss,it
causeshugepainandgrievetotheself
andfamiliesforever.
11
Firecallwasonlyreceivedat4.40
pm–70minutesafterthefirst
flamewasspotted.
Mobilesofemployeeswere
depositedeveryday,thismaybe
preventedtocalltofire
departmentasearliest.
OnsiteEmergencyPlanshallbevetted
withcompetentagenciestoknowthe
loopholeinmitigation,preparedness,
communication,rescue,response,
recoveryandbusinesscontinuity.

10. S.No Facts Points to remember
12
Largepiecedecorativeglass
façadewasusedintheBuilding,
leavingwithnosufficient
windowsresultingworkers
trappedinsmokeasFirerages
Peopleescapedbymanagingby
breakingtheglass.
Peopledieduetosmokethanfireheat
radiation.
SufficientOpeninglikewindows,Smoke
ExtractionSystemsanddampersare
criticaltocontrolthesmoke.
13
TheBuildingownerusedtolive
onthefourthfloorofthe
commercialbuilding.Hehimself
withhisfamilymanagedto
escapeviaadjacentbuildingwhen
thefirebrokeout
Inadmissiontohisfamily,hewasina
positiontosafefewmorelifeasheis
awareaboutthefacility.
DiligentlyMockDrillsshallbedoneat
regularintervaltohandleunforeseen
incidents.
14
Thebuildingislocatedina
congestedareaandthefire
enginestooktimetoreachthe
spot.
Buildingshouldhavefireprotectionsystem
whichshallbesufficienttofightthelarge
firefortwohours.

11. S.
No
Facts Points to remember
15Warehousewasinbasement
wherelargeamountof
combustiblesarestored
Basementinanypremisesshallbedealtvery
carefullyduetorestrictedaccessandfire
fightingdifficulties.
16Mr.DayanandTiwari,aCrane
operator(notfromanyrescue
agency)savedatleast50lifes.
Withrightequipmentandwithrightskills,fire
fighting,rescueandsavinglifewillbesimple
andlaudable.SuchaNobleacthedid!
17BuildingOwnerandOccupier
cumTennant–Arrestedand
facinglegalconsequences
Tenantswillconsiderlegalcomplianceare
ownerscopeandsimilarlyownerputthelegal
burdenontenants.Actuallybotharelegally
responsible.
Similarlyforanyhazardousworkimmediate
supervisor/manger/EHS/Production/Facility/El
ectricalandwithwhosenamelicensewas
givenbotharelegallyresponsibleifany
accidenthappenduetononcompliance

12. S.No Facts Points to remember
18Terracedoorwaslockedatthe
timeoffire.
Everypremiseswillhavemanyinbuiltsafety
featurewhichhardlypeopleknowanduseit.
Inmostcases,Safetycanbeachievedandlifes
canbesavedbylittleinvestment,careand
awareness.

13. Process Safety
•PSM Gap Analysis
•Process Safety Management (PSM) Implementation
•Quantitative Risk Assessment (QRA)
•Safety Integrity Level (SIL) Study / LOPA / Functional Safety
•Hazard Identification and Risk Assessment (HIRA) /HARA /
HAZID Study
•Hazard & Operability Study (HAZOP)
•Pre-Startup Review
•Business Process Reengineering
•Business Continuity Plan
•Process Hazard Analysis (PHA Study)
•Job Safety Analysis
Training
Safety Training (topic of need)
Defensive Drivers Training / Road Safety
Process Safety or Chemical Safety or PSM
HAZOP, QRA, SIL, LOPA
Civil Safety:
•Building Structural Stability Study
•Building Risk Assessment –using Non Destructive Testing (civil)
•PHSER Study
•Project Risk Assessment
•Erection Risk Assessment
•Construction Site Safety Audit
Fire Safety
•Fire & Gas Detection Mapping Study
•Design Adequacy of Fire Protection System
•Business Process Re-Engineering
•Fire Load Calculations
•Fire Risk Assessment /Fire Safety Audit
Electrical Safety
•Arc Flash Study
•Lightning Protection Study
•Hazardous Area Zone Classification Study (HAC) (ATEX
Study)
•Electrical Thermography
•Electrical Safety Audit /Electrical Safety Audit
•E HAZOP
•Inspection of Flameproof Electrical Equipments
•Static Electricity Study
•Energy Conservation Audit

14. Others:
Human Factor Engineering and Ergonomic Studies
•Emergency Response Disaster Management Plan (ERDMP)
•Statutory Safety Audit/Comprehensive Safety Audit
•Preparation or Vetting of On Site Emergency Plan
•Preparation or Vetting of Off Site Emergency Plan
•Incident Investigation
Pre Occupancy Audit
•Behavior Based Safety / Safety Culture Survey
•Industrial Hygiene Monitoring Study
•Security Vulnerability Assessment (Security Audit)
•Machinery Risk Assessment
•Deputation of Safety Officer
•Logistics Risk Assessment
(inside or out side the plant truck movement) /
Marine Loss Minimization Study
COPE and Probable Maximum Loss Study (PML) Study
Inspection behalf of insurance & Brokerage firms (for under
writing or value addition or safety improvement)
Chemical Safety
•Chemical Compatibility Study
•Respiratory Fit Testing
•Personal Exposure Study / Workplace Monitoring Study
/VOC Study / Chemical Exposure Monitoring Study /
Industrial Hygiene Monitoring Study / Occupational
Exposure Limit Testing
(IDLH, STEL, TLV)
•Dust Explosion Study
•Dispersion Modeling
(Flare, SRV, Dump tanks, Scrubbing Vent Hazards)
•Minimum Ignition Energy Study (MIE)
•Bulk Chemical Storage Risk Assessment
For inquiries: [email protected]/8056030593