NATIONAL ASSEMBLY BUILDING(Jatiyo Sangsad Bhaban) DHAKA, BANGLADESH (1).pptx

national assembly building at Dhaka Bangladesh designed by architect louis kahn is described with analysis of building, principles of louis kahn, light and shadow in the building. overall architecture building and site analysis of the building.

1. NATIONAL ASSEMBLY BUILDING( Jatiyo Sangsad Bhaban) DHAKA, BANGLADESH LOUIS I KAHN

2. INTRODUCTION “It is one of the twentieth century's greatest architectural monuments, and is without question Kahn's magnum opus.“ -- Robert McCarter. Located in the capital of Bangladesh Dhaka. Standing on the area of 3,400,000 sqm. One of the largest legislative complexes in the world. It houses all parliamentary activities of Bangladesh. Govt. of Pakistan decided to built the second capital in Dhaka and that’s why assembly building was suggested to built in 1959. At first Muzharul Islam got proposal to design. But He referred it to his mentor Louis I. Kahn 1962 to do significant work for future generation. Muzharul Islam assisted Kahn at the project. The project is completed in 28 January, 1982.

3. Location And Basic Layout Situated in Sher-e-Bangla Nagar and bounded by four major streets : Lake Road to the North; Manik Mia Avenue to the South; Rokeya Sarani to the East and Mirpur Road to the West.

4. In Year 2000 In Year 2021

5. CONCEPT Louis I. Kahn designed this building in modern architectural style. Modernist in principle Optimizing the use of space while representing Bangladeshi heritage and culture. Character of the context A symbol of democracy and pride for the Bengali people. People’s spirituality Riverine Bangladesh

6. Kahn combined both vernacular and monumental archetypes of the region. Use abstraction and transformation to a degree of utter purity-- ideas from many eras and civilization The core of the composition is the assembly chamber and the library.

7. The main building (the Bhaban) is divided into three parts: - The Main Plaza - South Plaza - Presidential Plaza The main building is at the center of the complex. The outer parts of the complex include the MP hostel. An intricately designed lake surrounds the main building.

8. Section

9. Main Plaza: 823,000 square feet(76,000m 2 ) It is the parliament chamber Can house 354 members Also has two podiums and two galleries for VIP visitors. Total height 155’. After 117’ a parabolic shell roof cover the chamber. Upper levels of the block contains the visitor and press galleries, as well as communication booths.

10. Artificial lighting provide zero obstruction to daylight. A composite chandelier is suspended from parabolic shell roof. There is a single story clearance after the shell roof. This chandelier in turn consists of a metallic web. It is spanning the entire chamber, that supports the individual light fixtures. To let the day light enter, reflecting from the surrounded walls and filters into the assembly chamber.

11. There are other 8 halls height of 120’, concentrically aligned around the parliamentary grand chamber. It also is part of Kahn’s design objectives. Optimizing spatial configurations where the supporting programs project out of the center volume. 8 halls contains - offices, hotels for parliamentary officials, and a restaurants.

12. SOUTH PLAZA: 223,000 square feet (21,000 m²) Faces the Manik Mia Avenue. Gradually rises to 20’. Serves as the main entrance. This entrance is used by the members during sessions.

13. PRESIDENTIAL PLAZA: 65,000 square feet (6,000 m²) Lies to the North and faces the Lake Road. Functions an intimate plaza for the MPs and other dignitaries. Contains- marble steps, a gallery and an open pavement.

14. Kahn designed- The complex as the necklace in the neck of Bangladesh, Where The assembly building is the pendent in that necklace.

15. All the building of the complex is made of red brick. White concrete is used for assembly building. All the materials are local and very easily available here. Material

16. Lake surrounded the three sides of the building represents riverine Bangladesh. It also enhances the beauty by reflecting the elevations. “Kahn was deeply affected by the presence of water in Dhaka. When he first came he was taken on a boat ride. And his first sketches were of boats on the river.” --- Kazi Khaleed Ashraf

17. Kahn’s trip to Italy and Egypt cast a great impact in his work and in this design also. The massive walls of this building is the influence of the Roman Bath of Caracalla. He also considered to in corporate mosque in the form of a pyramid into the complex. But it didn’t work as the co- workers hated the idea But He didn’t give up . At noon the building cast pyramid shaped shadows.

18. THE MOSQUE Kahn designed the prayer hall of the building as a mosque Being inspired form our spiritual belief. he let the light flood in Made it the entrance of the building Square in plan 4 cylinders at each corners, allows daylight to enter, called light tower. he let the light flood into the mosque.

19. Mosque Interior Walls Mosque Roof

20. EXTERIOR WALLS Shape of the Large punches on the exterior walls came from the geometrical representation of our cultural and traditional element. Such as – pottery, house, weaving element. These punches also give the building a single story look. Providing protection from sun and rain. Helps to ensure comfortable interior environment.