NCERT Grade-X Social Science Geography chapter Mineral and Energy Resources.pptx

A Perfect PowerPoint Presentation on NCERT Grade-X Social Science Geography: Mineral and Energy Resources

This PowerPoint presentation is a well-organized and engaging resource designed to help students easily grasp the concepts of NCERT Class 10 Social Science - Geography: Mineral and Energy Resources.

Key Topics Covered:
✅ Types of Minerals and Their Distribution
✅ Mining and Conservation of Minerals
✅ Conventional and Non-Conventional Energy Resources
✅ Importance of Energy Resources in Development
✅ Sustainable Use of Minerals and Energy

With clear explanations, diagrams, and interactive content, this presentation makes learning simple, effective, and enjoyable. It is highly useful for students to enhance their understanding and perform well in exams.

Made by: Namburi Ravi

1. A region is rich in coal deposits but lacks sufficient water resources. How would this affect industrial development in that area? If a country shifts from coal-based power plants to renewable energy sources, how will it impact its economy and environment? Imagine you are a policymaker. What strategies would you suggest to reduce India's dependency on imported crude oil? A new mineral reserve has been discovered in a densely forested region. How should the government balance economic benefits with environmental conservation? How can technological advancements help in reducing wastage during mineral extraction and processing?

2. "The future of energy lies in renewable resources." Do you agree? Justify your answer with examples. Why do you think some mineral-rich regions are still underdeveloped? What factors contribute to this paradox? If you were an entrepreneur, which energy resource would you invest in for long-term sustainability? Why? How does the excessive exploitation of mineral resources contribute to environmental degradation? Suggest alternative measures to minimize these effects. Should governments impose stricter laws on mining industries, even if it slows down economic growth? Why or why not?

3. RAVI

4. We use different things in our daily life made from metal.

5. The earth’s crust is made up of different minerals embedded(fixed) in the rocks. Various metals are extracted from these minerals after proper refinement.

6. Toothpaste cleans your teeth.

7. Minerals like silica, limestone, aluminium oxide and various phosphate minerals do the cleaning.

8. Fluoride which is used to reduce cavities, comes from a mineral fluorite.

9. Most toothpaste are made white with titanium oxide, which comes from minerals called rutile, ilmenite and anatase.

10. The sparkle in some toothpastes comes from mica.

11. The toothbrush and tube containing the paste are made of plastics from petroleum.

12. Minerals are an indispensable(necessary) part of our lives.

13. Almost everything we use, from a tiny pin to a towering building or a big ship, all are made from minerals.

14. The railway lines and the tarmac (paving) of the roads, our implements and machinery too are made from minerals.

15. Cars, buses, trains, aeroplanes are manufactured from minerals and run on power resources derived from the earth.

16. Occurs in nature Inorganic Solid Has a chemical formula Has a crystal structure M ineral as a “homogenous, naturally occurring substance with a definable internal structure.”

17. Minerals are found in varied forms in nature, ranging from the hardest diamond to the softest talc.

18. Although, over 2000 minerals have been identified, only a few are abundantly found in most of the rocks. Why are they so varied? Rocks are c ombinations of homogeneous s ubstances called minerals. Some rocks, for instance limestone, c onsist of a single mineral only, but majority of the rock consist of several minerals in varying proportions.

19. A particular mineral that will be formed from a certain combination of elements depends upon the physical and chemical conditions under which the material forms. This, in turn, results in a wide range of colours,hardness, crystal forms, lustre and density that a particular mineral possesses. Geologists use these properties to classify the minerals.

20. Rocks Mineral Ore It is a combination of two or more minerals. Exception: Limestone it consists single mineral. Homogeneous naturally occuring substance which has a definite chemical composition. The term ore is used to describe an accumulation of any mineral mixed with other elements.

21. Characteristics of Minerals Colour Hardness Crystal forms Lustre & Density

22. Where are these minerals found? Minerals are usually found in “ores”. The term ore is used to describe an accumulation of any mineral mixed with other elements. The mineral content of the ore must be in sufficient concentration to make its extraction commercially viable.

23. It is, therefore, important for us to understand the main types of formations in which minerals occur. It also determines the cost of extraction. The type of formation or structure in which they are found determines the relative ease with which mineral ores may be mined.

24. Minerals generally occur in these forms: Minerals are found in cracks of igneous and metamorphic rocks . The smaller occurrences are called veins and the larger are called lodes. In most cases, they are formed when minerals in liquid/ molten and gaseous forms are forced upward through cavities towards the earth’s surface. Tin, Copper, Zink, Lead

25. 2. Minerals are found in sedimentary rocks in the form of Beds and Layers . They have been formed as a result of deposition, Coal and some forms of iron ore have been concentrated as a result of long periods under great heat and pressure. Another group of sedimentary minerals include gypsum, potash salt and sodium salt. These are formed as a result of evaporation especially in arid regions. Example: Coal, Gypsum, Potash

26. 3. D ecomposition of surface rocks, and the removal of soluble constituents,leaving a residual mass of weathered material containing ores. Bauxite is formed this way. Bauxite

27. 4. Certain minerals may occur as alluvial deposits in sands of valley floors and the base of hills. These deposits are called ‘placer deposits’ and generally contain minerals, which are not corroded by water. Gold, silver, tin and platinum are most important among such minerals. Gold, Silver, Tin, Platinum

28. However, common salt, magnesium and bromine are largely derived from ocean waters. 5. The ocean waters contain vast quantities of minerals, but most of these are too widely diffused to be of economic significance. The ocean beds, too, are rich in manganese nodules. Common salt, Magnesium, Bromine

29. Minerals occur Igneous and metamorphic rocks in the form of Veins and Lodes . Sedimentary rocks in the form of Beds and Layers. Decomposition of surface rocks. Alluvial deposits in sands of valley floors and the base of hills.C The ocean waters contain vast quantities of minerals.

30. India has rich and varied mineral resources. But these minerals are distributed unevenly. Minerals are mostly found in Peninsular rocks. Petroleum depots are found in Gujarat and Assam. Iron ore deposits are found in Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh, Bihar, West Bengal.

31. Factors to consider before extraction of minerals Concentration of minerals in the Ore Ease of extraction Markets

32. Classification of Minerals Non-Metallic Minerals Metallic Minerals Ferrous Minerals Non- Ferrous Minerals Energy Resources

33. It is the basic mineral which is used in all the industries. It is the backbone for Industrial development. Magnetite Hema tite Iron content 70% Iron content 50-60% Used in Electrical Industry. Used in normal Industry.

34. Odisha - Jharkhand belt Durg-Bastar-Chandrapur belt Maharashtra -Goa belt Bellary-Chitradurga- Chikmagalur - Tumkur belt