Necropsy kit

this will help to understand better about necropsy.

1. Necropsy Kit M. Wasim Usmani Dept. of Pathology

2. Necropsy Autopsy Post-mortem examination A surgical procedure Thorough examination To determine the cause and manner of death or to evaluate any disease or injury

3. Importance of Necropsy Study the processes involved in disease situation Examination of diseased organs and tissues Uncover the cause of death Prevent and control animal diseases in herd or flock Treatment

4. Basic Necropsy Kit Protective Clothing (PPE) Rubber Gloves Rubber Boots or Plastic foot Protectors Mask Rubber Apron Coveralls Eye Goggles Necropsy Documentation Camera Field notebook

5. Basic Necropsy Kit Tools…. Sharp knife Scissors Forceps Axe or Hatchet Surgical Bone saw Small & Large Shears Chisel and Mallet Scalpels and razor blade Alcohol lamp or Gas burner Plastic ruler or Measuring tape

6. Cont .…. Enterotome (bulb-ended blade) Opening of intestine Hagedorn needle Sailmaker’s needle Sewing up body after autopsy Rib Cutter Cleaver Toothed Forceps Teeth on pickups Grip heavy organs

7. Cont.…. Hammer with hook Maxwell’s silver hammer To separate the calvarium from lower skull Breadknife Long Knife Solid organs into slices Sharpening Stone

8. Specimen Containers and Sampling Equipments Rigid plastic containers/bags/small vials/blood tubes Parafilm/sealing tape Aluminum foil Sterile syringes Microscope slides/Slide boxes Transport material Ice coolers Leak-proof/break-proof containers Absorptive packing materials Sterile buffered glycerin (50%)

9. Cont.…. Fixatives 10% buffered formalin 100% acetone 70% ethyl alcohol Disinfecting Materials Pail (bucket) & brush Disinfectant Borax Sodium hypoclorite (0.5%) (10% Chlorox ) Microscope Centrifuge

10. Safety Precautions Personal Safety Necropsy of primate (monkey, apes, etc.) Carcass Handling and Disposal Minimize exposure of other wild & domestic animals Infectious diseases ANTHRAX ( Bacillus anthracis ) Preparing Sample Containers Containers/Tubes/Slides/Bags

11. Sample Preparation Paper label with animal identification Date/Geographic location Species/Sex/Age Tissue identification (Formalin fixed tissues) Person taking sample Animal ID Shipping of Samples Fresh and Frozen samples No leakage

12. External Examination at Necropsy Identification of Animal Age of Animal Body size Dentation Position of Animal at Postmortem Sitting posture Fully extended Struggled before death General condition of Carcass Well nourished Emaciated Stiffening (rigor mortis)

13. Cont.…. Evidence of Postmortem(PM) changes Time of death PM changes Examination of Natural Orifices Nose/Mouth/Ears/Urethra/Vagina/Prepuce/Anus Color of Mucus Membrane Discharge from Orifices Watery/thick/frothy/blood mixed Smell of insecticides/chemicals Examine the visible Mucus Membrane Anaemic (pale) Jaundice (yellow) Eyes/Limbs/Bones Feet/Hoofs/Joints Fractures/Inflammatory lesions/Dislocation

14. Examination of Body Surface Skin/Hair coat/Hair loss Abscesses Wounds Parasites/Mycotic infections Diarrhea (hind quarters) Local Lymph nodes Throat oedema External Genitalia

15. Postmortem Certificate Writing Purpose Insurance claim Write off animal Veterolegal cases Record keeping For treatment of healthy animals

16. Postmortem Report