Nucleoid or prokaryotic genetic material

these slides will explain the structure function and composition of nucleoid or genetic material inside prokaryotes

1. Presented by muhammad kamil khan Kame biology Nucleoid or prokaryotic genetic material

2. Nucleoid or prokaryotic genetic material Prokaryotic and eukaryotic are differs from each other due to their genetic material. A s eukaryotic cells have two or more chromosomes in nucleus with membrane bounded organelles. In contrast prokaryotes lack a membrane-delimited nucleus and organelles. When the prokaryotic chromosome are located in irregular shaped region then we call that nucleoid (nuclear body, chromatin body , nuclear region).

3. Usually prokaryotes contain a single circle of ds DNA but some have a linear DNA chromosome such as Vibrio cholera and Borrelia burgdorferi (the causative agents of cholera and Lyme disease, respectively), have more than one chromosome Both electron and light microscopic are used for understanding nucleoid structure and function, especially during active cell growth and division.

4. The nucleoid has a fibrous appearance in electron microscope the fibers are probably DNA . During cells division the nucleoid has projections contain DNA that transcribed to produce mRNA that extend into the cytoplasmic these projections. more than one nucleoid can be observed within a single cell when genetic material has been duplicated but cell division has not yet occurred

5. Nucleoids can be isolated. N ucleoids are composed of about 60% DNA , 30% RNA, and 10% protein by weight . In E. coli , the closed DNA circle measures approximately 1,400 m or about 230–700 times longer than the cell Unlike the eucaryotes and some archaea , Bacteria do not use histone proteins to package their DNA.

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