Nucleotides nucleosides

Basic of nucleotides and nucleoside
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1. NUCLEOTIDES & NUCLEOSIDES

2. NUCLEOTIDES The monomer of the nucleic acid Phosphorylated nucleoside Occurs mono di and tri phosphate group NUCLEOSIDES Formed when bases are attached to the pentose sugar, D-ribose or 2-deoxy-D-ribose.

3. COMPONENTS Has three components Pentose sugar Ribose/Deoxyribose Phosphate Group Nitrogenous base Purine/Pyrimidine

4. STRUCTURE OF NUCLEOTIDE

5. RIBOSE SUGAR Pentose(Five carbon sugar) Pentose Sugar may b D-Ribose or 2-deoxy-D-Ribose

6. BASES Two types of nitrogenous bases; - the purines and pyrimidines are present in nucleic acid. - Purines are Double ringed structures. - Pyrimidines are Single ringed structures.

7. When a Second Phosphate gets esterified to the existing Phosphate Group, a nucleoside di phosphate is regenerated The attachment of third phosphate group results in the formation of a nucleoside triphosphate. The nucleic acids (DNA and RNA) are polymers of nucleoside monophosphate. PHOSPHATE GROUP

8. SUGAR+BASE+PHOSPHATE GROUP=NUCLEOTIDES

9. FUNCTIONS Nucleotides are precursors of nucleic acid, deoxyribonucleic acid(DNA) and ribonucleic acid(RNA). The nucleic acid are concerned with storage and transfer of genetic information. Nucleosides are used as antiviral and anticancer agent in the medicine.

10. FUNCTIONS The universal currency of energy, namely ATP, is a nucleotide derivative. Nucleotides are precursors of important co-enzymes like -NAD+ and FAD and -metabolic regulators such as cAMP and cGMP.