Object Oriented programming using C++ basic concepts

CPP basic concepts

1. Object Oriented Programming using C++ Topic: Object Oriented Thinking

2. Programming Paradigms Need for OOP Procedure Oriented vs OOP OOP Concepts Abstraction Encapsulation Inheritance Polymorphism Contents

3. Programming Paradigms Procedure Oriented Programming Logic Programming Functional Programming Object Oriented Programming

4. Procedure Oriented Programming Emphasis on procedure in terms of underlying machine model. Ability to reuse the code Eg: C, PASCAL , C++

5. Procedure Oriented Programming Factorial Program in C: #include<stdio.h> int main() { int i,fact=1,number; printf("Enter a number: "); scanf("%d",&number); for(i=1;i<=number;i++){ fact=fact*i; } printf("Factorial of %d is: %d",number,fact); return 0; }

6. Logic Programming Emphasis on knowledge base and the problem Very much like proof of mathematical statement Solves logical problems like puzzles, series Eg: Prolog

7. Format : relation(entity1, entity2, ....k'th entity). Example : friends(raju, mahesh). singer(sonu). odd_number(5). These facts can be interpreted as : raju and mahesh are friends. sonu is a singer. 5 is an odd number. Logic Programming

8. Functional Programming Based on Mathemetical Functions and Lists Language independent Execution of series of Mathematical functions Eg: LISP , Javascript

9. Example – LISP: Factorial of ‘n’ Program: (defun factorial (n) (if (= n 0) 1 (* n (factorial (- n 1))) ) ) (loop for i from 0 to 16 do (format t "~D! = ~D~%" i (factorial i)) ) Functional Programming

10. Object Oriented Programming Emphasis on Data rather than Process. Object is the basic entity is object. Handle almost all kind of real life problems. Eg: SIMULA, SMALLTALK , C++, JAVA

11. Object Oriented Programming class factorial{ int f, n; public: void fact(); }; void factorial::fact() { f=1; cout<<"\nEnter a Number:"; cin>>n; for(int i=1;i<=n;i++) f=f*i; cout<<"\nFactorial of "<<n<<" is"<<f; } void main() { factorial ob; ob.fact(); getch(); }

12. Need for OOP To make your code: Easier to read, manage, update and implement. Performance improvement by fast execution Data Security Easy code updation Simplify

13. Eminent Persons Alan Kay Inventor – OOP Bjarne Stroustrup Inventor – C++ James Gosling Inventor- JAVA

14. POP vs OOP POP OOP Program is divided into functions. Program is divided into objects. Top-down approach. Bottom-up approach. Limited Data Security Data Security using access specifiers Examples: C, FORTRAN, Pascal, Basic etc. Examples: C++, Java, Python

15. OOP Concepts

16. Summary Programming Paradigms Object Oriented Programming POP vs OOP OOP Principles