on Mechanical Engineering Power Point Presentation.ppt

About Mechanical Engineering Department

2. PresentationPresentation
RAHUL V. SADEKAR
PresenterPresenter
CNC MachineCNC Machine

3. Introduction of NC machines.Introduction of NC machines.
Introduction of CNC machines.Introduction of CNC machines.
Introduction of CNC system.Introduction of CNC system.
Micro cut Challenger CNC.Micro cut Challenger CNC.
Artisan Machining Centre.Artisan Machining Centre.
HMT train master lathes.HMT train master lathes.
Direct Numerical Control (DNC).Direct Numerical Control (DNC).
Acknowledgment.Acknowledgment.
Conclusion.Conclusion.
Bibliography. Bibliography.
ContentsContents

4. Introduction of NC System.Introduction of NC System.
History
The concept of numerical controlled [NC] was first
introduced in the year 1949 by the US air force and Parson
Corporation to produce Countered surfaces from the
instruction in the form of punched tape.
Commercial NC machines using NC technology were
Developed by MIT [Massachusetts Inst of Technology],
USA. By the end of 1964 around
4500-500 NC machines were
installed in USA. Later Russia,
Japan, West Germany& UK
entered into the arena of
producing the NC machines.

5. NC Features:-NC Features:-
Avoidance of Human Intervention.
Absence of Conventional Tooling & Fixturing.
Flexibility or the Quick Change Capability
Optimization of Cutting Tool.
Machining of Complicated/Complex parts in
Shortest Time.
High Quality & Precision of Work.
Ideally Suited for Batch Prediction of Parts.

6. Basic Components of Basic Components of
NC SystemNC System
An operational numerical control system consists of
the following basic components:
Program of Instructions.
Controller Unit or Machine Controller Unit.
Machine Tool or Other Controller Unit.

7. Conventional Machine Tool Conventional Machine Tool
SystemSystem
Component
Drawing
Planning
Tape
Preparation
Computation Control Unit

8. Advantages of NC systemAdvantages of NC system
Be less expensive.
Part produced more accurately even for smaller batches.
Inspection time is reduced.
Tools can be utilized at optimum feeds and speeds.
Any modification can be very easily
translated by the simple changes
without expensive and time.
The capability (metal removal)
of NC machines is high.
Grinding Machine

9. Limitations of NCLimitations of NC
The Cost of NC Machine Tool is Much
High.
Cost & Skill of the People Required.
As NC is a Complex & Sophisticated
Technology.
Higher Running Cost.

10. CNC machineCNC machine
C NC M
Computer
Numerical
Controller
Machine
A system in which action are controlled by the direct
insertion of numerical data at some point. The system
must automatically interpret at least some portion of
this data.

11. NC Controller TechnologyNC Controller Technology
The hardware technology in NC controls has changed dramatically
over the years, there are seven generation of controller hardware can
be identified:
Vacuum Tubes.[1952]
Electromechanical Relays.[1955]
Discrete Semiconductor.[1960]
Integrated Circuits.[1965]
Direct Numerical Control.[1968]
Computer Numerical Control.[1970]
Microprocessor & Microcomputers.[1975]
A modern machine tool is a microprocessor controlled &
programmed using its own programming language. These machines
used some various control systems such as NC, CNC and DNC.

12. Principle & Operation of a CNC Principle & Operation of a CNC
MachineMachine
The working principal of a CNC machine illustrated
as the part programmed data is input to the control
system through a suitable input medium such as
punched paper state or manual data input keyboard.
The data is stored in the data storage area, computed
in the computation area, command are generated in
the command generated area & distributed to the
respective axis servo-drives.
The servo drives get activated & the slides. The
position feed back through the position feed back
loop to the comparator where in the instantaneous
slide position is compared with the commanded
position & further command are given to the axes
servo-drives & hence the slides stop. The velocity
feed back loop monitors the commanded velocity of
the slides.

13. Working Principle & Operation of a Working Principle & Operation of a
CNC Machine CNC Machine
ControlControl
TapeTape
TapeTape
ReaderReader
Data Data
StorageStorage
Computation Computation
AreaArea
Command Command
GeneratorGenerator
ServoServo
UnitUnit
Drive Drive
MotorMotor
TableTable
SlideSlide
Positional Feed Positional Feed
Back ElementBack Element
Velocity Feed Velocity Feed
Back ElementBack Element
Velocity Feed Velocity Feed
Back SignalBack Signal
Positional Feed Positional Feed
Back SignalBack Signal

14. Advantage of CNC Machines:Advantage of CNC Machines:
High Accuracy & Repeatability.
Reduce Inspection.
Easy to Assembly & Inter Change Ability.
Less Scrap Rework.
Space Saving.
Less Material Handling.
High Flexibility for Design Changes.
Reducing Tooling.
Better Machine Utilization.
Ability for levels of integration such as:
Direct Numerical Control :DNC
Flexible manufacturing system :FMS
Adoptive Control :AC
Computer Aided Design :CAD
Computer Aided Manufacturing :CAD
Computer Integrated Manufacturing :CAD

15. Application of CNC MachineApplication of CNC Machine
Number of operations per component is many.
Complex of the operation carried out is high.
Size of batches is medium.
Repetition of batches is large.
Layout cost of component is high.
Ratio of cutting time to non-cutting time is low.
Verity of components to be produced more.
Cost of special tooling involved is high.
Design changes are frequent.
Non uniform cutting condition required.
Setup time & inspection time is high.
Number of dimensions to be maintained is large.
Precision involved in component is high.

16. Types of CNC Machines:-Types of CNC Machines:-
CNC has been applied to all types of machine. Some
of the popular once are:
Vertical Machining Centers.
Horizontal Machining Centers.
Machining Centers with Indexing Heads.
Multi axis Machining Centers.
Unmanned Machining Centers.
Head Changer Machines.
Piano Millers.
Milling Machine.
Drilling Machines.
Horizontal axis Turning Machines.
Vertical Axis Tuning Machines.
Surface Grinding Machine.
Cylindrical Grinders.
Integral Grinders.
Tool & Cutter Grinders.

17. Thread Grinders.
Special Type of Grinders.
Fixed RAM Type Electro Discharge Machines [EDM].
Orbital Electrode EDM.
Wire EDM.
Punching & Nibbing Machines (Plasma arc or laser beam
machining.)
Forming Machines:
Pipe Bending Machines.
Sheet Bending Machines.
Stretch Forming Machines.
Flow Machines.
Gear Cutting Machines:
Gear Hobbing Machines.
Gear Shaping Machines.
Gear Grinders Machines.

19. SPECIFICATION
Model
BNC 1440
A/S
BNC 1640
A/S
SWING OVER BED MM 360 410
SWING OVER CROSS SLIDE MM 180 230
CENTRE DISTANCE MM 880 880
X-AXIS TRAVEL MM 190 190
Y-AXIS TRAVEL MM 855 855
RAPID TRAVERSE M/MIN 12 & 12
SPINDLE BORE MM 5202 (A TYPE),46 (S TYPE)
SPINDLENOSE A1-6/D1 (A TYPE),A2.5 (S TYPE)
SPINDLE SPEED RPM 25-300(A TYPE),40-500(S TYPE)`
MAIN POWER KW/HP 7.5/11
PS:-MACHINE AVAILABLE WITH FANUE/SIMENSE/FAGOR CONTROL.
Micro cut (Challenger) Micro cut (Challenger)
CNC Machines.CNC Machines.

20. Turning CentersTurning Centers
( 1 )
( 2 )

21. Microcut ChallengerMicrocut Challenger
( 3 )
( 4 )

22. Microcut ChallengerMicrocut Challenger
CNC Cylinder
Grinder
Machining Centre

23. Microcut ChallengerMicrocut Challenger
TABLE SURFACE 10”X10” SPINDLE TAPER NST#40
TABLE LONGITUDINAL 500 MM
AUTOMATIC SPINDLE
TRAVEL
100 MM
TABLE LONGITUDINAL
TABLE (POWER FEED )
300MM SPINDEL MOTOR 5HP
TABLE CROSS TRAVEL 470MM NET WEIGHT 170KGS
DISTANCE FROM
SPINDLE TO TABLE
0.44MM PACKING DIMENSIONS 65’’ x 58’’ x 75’’
SPECIFICATION

24. Artisan Machining CentreArtisan Machining Centre

25. Artisan Machining CentreArtisan Machining Centre
Standard Features:
AC Spindle Drive
AC Servo Axes Drives
High Precision LM Guide Ways
High Precision Ground Ball Screws
Automatic Centralized Lubrication
Enclosed splash guard
CNC-System
SEIMENS 802 D
FANUC Oi MA

26.  Life Lubricated Guide Ways
 Index table 8/12/24 Positions
 Rotary as 4th Axis.
 Higher Powered Spindle
 Automatic Tool Changer
 AC Panel Cooler
 Fume Extractor
 Voltage Stabilizer
 Coolant Through Spindle
 High Pressure Coolant
 Flashing Lamp
Artisan Machining CentreArtisan Machining Centre
Operational Features

27. (VMC)
Train Master

28. CNC TRAIN MASTER VMC 200T PCCNC TRAIN MASTER VMC 200T PC

29. Table top mounted model
Number of axes 3
Incremental and continuous jog
Axe homing
MDI/SINGLE BLOCK/AUTO EXECUTION
Software limits 
Feed hold
Feed rate override 0 to 120%
Rapid feed rate 700 mm/min
 S code for spindle speed
Stepless DC drive for spindle
 Spindle speed override (50 to 120%)
Spindle load indication
Linear and circular interpolation (Any 2 axes out of 3 axes)
Recirculating Ball screw/Nut for all axes
Dwell time
Plane selection - V/H selection
Cutter radius compensation
Tool length offsets
Tool change indication by LED
CNC prompted manual tool change  
Salient FeaturesSalient Features

30.  Zero offsets
 Inch/Metric programming
 Absolute/incremental programming
 Position presets
 Feed per minute and Feed per revolution
 Canned cycles
 Subroutines Multipass (99 passes) with Nesting 3 levels
 Block skip
 G and M code as per ISO
 Number of program blocks 999
 Menu driven operation
 Context sensitive help
 Full screen editor
 Cursor motion to selected block
 Block, Move, Delete, Move, Copy, Rename
 Program handling functions like Directory, Delete, Copy, Rename
 Program printing
 Graphics simulation
 Test run • DNC link
 Jump function (program branching)
 R Parameters (100 nos)
 Arithmetic operation

31. CNC Drilling MachineCNC Drilling Machine

32. CNC Milling MachineCNC Milling Machine
Train Master

33. Direct Numerical ControlDirect Numerical Control
Introduction
In production situation, when several CNC machines are
used, it has become a common practice to use a central
computer to connect all the machine CNC system for
preparing part programs at a central place and transfer the
same to the CNC system when required, this feature is
called DNC linking RS232C, 2 ways communication
interface option on the system enabled the user to
immediately access any program from the library of
programs in the host computer. Also this link permits
transmission of massages & other critical data. The
transmission many be effected in fore ground or back
ground. Thus by of loading the preparation of part program
& other preparatory work to the central computer, the
machine availability for cutting can be enhance
considerably.

34. WORKING OF DNCWORKING OF DNC
Data
Bank
TAPE
CARDS
CNC I
CNC II CNC III CNC IV
CNC V
General Computer
Host Computer
Printer

35. Advantages of DNC SystemAdvantages of DNC System
Operating costs are lower than with CNC.
When 3 or more machines are controlled, the initial cost is
lower than for conventional NC.
The key control unit can be kept in a processing room away
from adverse shop condition.
The computer can record any desired production,
machining or time data.
Programming is faster, simpler & more flexible.
A single computer can control machine tools time.
Considerable time is saved in eliminating program errors
or receiving the program. The programmer can revision or
corrections on a type writer-style, key board right at the
machine tool.

36. -: Bibliography:--: Bibliography:-
Books:Books:
MechatronicsHMT
CNC MachinesK.Adinarayana
CNC Applications DSN Murthi
CAD & CAM PN Rao
Manuals:Manuals:
Machine Tool TradersMadras
CNC Train Master Lathe (HMT) Banglore
MIVEN Machine Tools Limited Hubli
Web Sites:Web Sites:
http://www. How stuff. com
http://www. Google. com
http://www. CNC works. com
http://www. HMT. com
http://www.easy2source.com