Optical Fibre and It's Applications.pptx

An optical fibre is flexible, transparent fibre made up of glass or silica used for transmitting optical signals from one end to another. The diameter of optical fibre is slightly thicker than that of human hair.

1. Fibre Optics By Dr. Purva P. Nikam Department of Basic Science and Humanity, SITCOE, Yadrav

2. Outline:- Introduction Structure of optical fibre Propagation Mechanism Advantages and disadvantages of optical fibre Application of optica l fibre

3. Optical F ibre Optical fibre is a waveguide which is used for transmitting optical signals or light from one end to the other. Optical fibre are basically made from glass or silica. Fiber optics transmits data in the form of light particles, or photons, that pulse through a fiber optic cable . Fiber optics is used for long-distance and high-performance data networking. It is also commonly used in telecommunication services, such as internet, television and telephones.

4. Main component of optical fibre 1]. Core : is the inner portion of the fibre made up of glass/silica. 2]. Cladding : Core is surrounded by glass layer known as cladding. 3]. Buffer Coating : For the protection from external wear and tear, the whole assembly is enclosed in plastic jacket known as buffer coating. Construction of Optical Fibre Optical Fibre are typically made from silica with modifying dopant such as . The diameter core is about 100 μ m and that of cladding is 125 μ m .  

5. Propagation Mechanism In optical fibre the refractive index of core must be greater than the refractive index of cladding, so as to have total internal reflection. The principle of TIR that when light enters a rarer medium from denser medium with the incident angle more than the critical angle. Then the incident ray gets reflected towards the same medium.

6. Total Internal Reflection in Optical Fibre

7. Advantages of Optical fiber Lightwave transmission through an optical fiber enables distortion immune signal propagation. Optical fibers permit secured as well as long-distance transmission. These cables serve for longer durations as compared to any other transmission cable . Disadvantages of Optical fiber The installation, as well as maintenance costs of optical fibers, are somewhat large. Due to their fragile nature, they need more protection from environmental conditions. Though less distortion can transmit a signal to large distances, that requires the use of repeaters at the time of signal transmission .

8. Application of Optical Fibre In medicine : In Sensors : Endoscopy Light Therapy Lab and clinical Diagnostics To remove mole, tattoo Surgical Microscopy Can also used for dental treatment Optical fibres are widely used in sensors for sensing and measuring acoustic field, magnetic field, current, acceleration, strain etc.

9. In communication : In Military : Optical fibers are ideal for high-speed communication because they use light to transmit information , which can travel at an incredibly fast speed. Fibre guided missile are used during war. An air craft, ship tank needs of copper wires for true communication. But by replacing copper wire with fibre reduces much weight and also maintain true and accurate communication.

10. Thank you…!!!!