Optimalization of oxygen flow valve hole in small industrial scall husk furnaces

International webinar on physics and student networking with title : Optimalization of oxygen flow valve hole in small industrial scall husk furnaces

1. Optimization of Oxygen Flow Valve Hole in Small Industrial Scale Husk Furnaces Siti Hajar Supervisors : Dr. Ir.Irzaman , M.Si Dr. Ir.Irmansyah , M.Si Department of Physics Faculty of Math and Science IPB University 2021 INTERNATIONAL WEBINAR ON PHYSICS AND STUDENT NETWORKING “Physics Collaboration for Future Technology”

2. RICE HUSK An agrarian country is famous for its wealth of natural resources, one of which is rice. Based on data from the central statistics agency (BPS), Nasional rice production in indonesia is estimated to reach 45.61 million tons of dry milled grain (GKG) during january-september 2021. The abundance of rice grain production will produce by products in the form of rice husk in sufficient quantities. Rice husk is a layer of rice that includes karyopsis , consisting of two halves called lemma and palea which are interconnected. Rice husk is one type of biomass that can produce energy in the form of heat when burned ( Suhendi et.al 2013). When compared with other agro residues, rice husk has a higher ash content, high potassium content, crude protein, crude fat, and carbohydrates ( Yahya and Ibrahim 2012) However, rice husk is an outstanding biomass, has good flowability , has humidity between 10-12%, and the ash contains few alkaline minerals. This condition make rice husks have the potential as good fuel, although their calorific value is smaller than wood and other agro residues ( Yahya and Ibrahim 2012).

3. 3 The use of husks as fuel for cooking is not a new thing, because it has been used in various rice-producing countries such as Vietnam, Thailand, The Philippines, Peru and Indonesia. The shape of the cooking utensil in the form of a stove varies, as does the price of the stove and its efficiency. The design of the husk furnace has now been widely developed, one of which is the husk furnace which was developed in the departement of physics of IPB. We use an existing husk furnace design with a husk furnace optimization study based on the size of the oxygen valve hole installed in the husk furnace. Information : Husk reservoir in the shape of an inverted cone Chimney with holes to limit the flow of fire Stove insulator Stove body The space between the temporary ash tray and the lower end of the cone Temporary ash reservoir Oxygen Flow Valve Hole G

4. 4 Husk Furnace Husk furnace is a conical stove which uses fuel from rice husk. Furnace husk is an alternative fuel that is included in biomass energy Based on the various forms of husk stoves, the physics staff from the department of geophysics and meteorology FMIPA IPB pioneered the manufacture of the husk stoves under the guidance of Soedarsono , M.Sc in the 1980s. But because at that time the price of fuel oil was still relatively cheap and affordable for the middle to lower class people, it was not developed further. In 2007-2008 , the price of kerosene made by the government was much more expensive than gasoline so that most small people had difficulty buying it, again the staff of the department of physics, FMIPA IPA, which was pioneered by dr.ir. Irzaman m.si redeveloped the husk stove based on what was pioneered by soedarsono m.sc in 1980s. The base used is no different from that developed by soedarsono m.sc , but the air holes and several other parts were developed purely by Irzaman et.al so that in addition to being more attractive in shape, the price is cheaper, it’s use is more practical and can produce greater furnace efficiency ( Darmasetiawan et al. 2010).

5. 5 The research aims to solve the problem of energy saving for small industries by using small industrial husk furnaces and also optimizing the oxygen flow valve holes in small industrial scale husk furnaces. How to solve the problem of energy saving in small industries? How does the variation of the oxygen flow valve affect the optimization of the husk furnace? The research is expected to provide information regarding the use of husk furnaces for small industries, as well as to determine the optimal effect of the oxygen flow valve holes on small industrial scale husks. This research includes the utilization of rice husk waste which is used as fuel in optimizing the oxygen flow valve hole in the husk furnace, measuring the boiling time of water with 4 variations in the size of the oxygen flow valve hole with 3 variations of water mass with 2 times repetitions , and also the efficiency calculation of husk furnace. Problem Purposes Benefits Scope of research

6. 6 The research conduct from september 2021 to july 2022. Materials and tools The material used in this study was rice husk obtained from around the dramaga subdistrict . The equipment used is a husk furnace, infrared thermometer, pan, stopwatch, measuring cup and mass balance. Method the research was conducted at the IPB university, located in Incuby Lewikopo Experimental Field, Dramaga , Bogor.

7. 7 Analyze data Measuring time and temperature C alculate efficiency of husk furnace Preparation of materials and tools Preparation of materials and tools The materials used in the study were rice husks which were used as fuel for the husk furnace, and water for boiling . The volume of boiling water was varied as much as 6 L, 12 L, 18 L with 2 repitition . The tools used incude a husk furnace with 4 variations in the size of oxygen valve hole : 18x36 cm, 27x36 cm, 27x24 cm, and 27 x 12 cm Measuring time to boiling water and temperature on the husk furnace The time measurement of boiling water will carry out by boiling three times for each variation of the flow valve of the husk furnace. The measurement of temperature on the husk furnace will be cariied out using infrared thermometer so that can finally be used to find the efficiency of the husk furnace. Calculate efficiency of husk furnace By calculating the efficiency of the husk furnace, the amount of energy needed to boil water with various mass variations can be calculated, using the following equation : ( Belonio , 1985) Analyze data Data processing was carried out using a two way ANOVA (Analysis of variance) method.

8. 8 References Ale, B. B. Er ,, Bhatarai , N. Er ., Gautman , J., Chapagain , P., and Pushpa , K. C. 2009. Institutional gasifier stove : a sustainable prospect for institutional cooking. Journal of the Institute of Engineering . 7(1): 1-8 Abdurrahman, Rofiqul U, Endah KP, Antomi S, Muhamad S, Rahmad J, Benny W, Irzaman , Langit CA. 2019.Optimization and interpretation of heat distribution in sterilization room using convection pipe. Indonesian Journal of Science & Technology . 4(2): 208 Darmasetiawan H, Demijati , Siswadi , Irzaman . 2010. Kajian hasil pembuatan tiga macam ukuran lubang berbentuk persegi panjang pada tubuh tungku sekam . Berkala Fisika . 13(2): C1-C2 Firdaus FH, Ana F, Irlian N, Maya R, Irzaman , Ardian AS. 2015. Analisis efisiensi termal kompor berbahan bakar sekam dan limbah baglog pada sterilisasi jamur tiram . Jurnal Fisika dan Aplikasinya . 16(1): 66-67 Noor I, Faozan A, Husin A, Irzaman . 2016. Simulation of heat transfer in husk furnace with cone geometry based on conical coordinate system. Journal Of Physics . 877(1):1-6. doi :10.1088/1742-6596/877/1/012025 Puspita RD, Desna, AD Husin , H Darmasetiawan , Siswadi , Irzaman.2010. Tungku sekam sebagai bahan bakar alternatif pada sterilasasi media jamur tiram . Berkala Fisika . 13(2): C47 Rohaeti E, NG Pamungkas , Irzaman . 2010. Kajian efisiensi energi proses penyulingan dan sifat fisik hasil penyulingan minyak serai dapur menggunakan tungku sekam dan heating mantel . BerkalaFisika . 13(2 ): C16 Suhandi A, Rusdiana D, Irzaman . 2013. Kajian dan terapan konsep fisika dalam desain tungku sekam . Jurnal Pendidikan Fisika Indonesia . 9(1):185 Syahira z, Dwiky AAN, Royyan F, Fajrul K R, Sejahtera, Salahuddin P, Muhammad A, Angga K T, Alif M T, Ahmad Y, Irzaman . 2016. Optimasi analisis dan efisiensi energi termal menggunakan tungku sekam sebagai bahan bakar alternatif rumah tangga . Prosiding Seminar Nasional Fisika . 5(1):62 Nuzul , M. 2010. Pemanfaatan sekam padi sebagai bahan bakar alternatif . Sinergi . 2(1): 140 Ramli P, Elvaswer . 2016. Detector gas dari bahan semikonduktor Ti02 doping CuO . Jurnal Ilmu Fisika . 8(1 ): 29 Yahaya DB, Ibrahim TG. 2012. Development of rice husk briquettes for use as fuel. Research Journal inEngineering and Applied Science . 1(2): 130-132

9. 9 Thank you 