Pain management.Ppt for nurses and paramedical staff

This is only for nurses who are interested in study purposes.

1. Non Pharmacological management of Pain
1. Cognitive – Behavioral intervention
Distraction
Distraction is a pain management strategy that
focus the clients attention on something other than
pain
Games
Listen music
Repeated phrases or poem
Engaging activities
Describing pictures
 watching Adventures movies

2. Reframing is technique that teaches client to monitor
their negative thoughts and replace them with ones
that are more positive
◦Does not: I can not stand the this pain, its never going away.
◦Do: I have had similar pain before and its gotten better.
Reframing

3. Biofeedback is used to provide feedback to person concerning
the current status of some body functions
◦Blood pressure
◦Muscle tension
Biofeedback

4. It is used to decrease anxiety & muscle tension
◦Mediation
◦Yoga
◦Exercise
◦Deep breathing exercise
Relaxation Techniques

5. Aroma therapy

6. Create a mental image of a pleasant and relaxing
place in your mind. Involve all your senses in the
imagery: see the place, hear the sounds, smell the
aromas, feel the temperature and the movement of the
wind. Enjoy the location in your mind
Guided imagery

7. Yoga is a mind-body practice in complementary and
alternative medicine (CAM) with origins in ancient Indian
philosophy.
 Yoga is intended to increase relaxation and balance the mind,
body, and the spirit
◦The various styles of yoga that people use for health purposes
typically combine:
◦ Physical postures
◦ Breathing techniques
◦Relaxation
Yoga

9. Balance mind, body soul
Meditation

10. TENS is the method of applying minute amounts of
electrical stimulation to a large diameter nerve fibers
via electrodes placed on the skin.
2. Stimulus –induced Analgesia
TENS (Transcutaneous electrical Nerve stimulation)

11. Insertion of extremely thin needles through skin at strategic
points on body.
 A key component of Traditional Chinese medicine
 Acupuncture is most commonly used to treat pain.
Acupuncture

12. It lowers blood pressure and may cause brain to make
endorphins
Massage
It is often used to help a person become more
relaxed. Have someone gently massage back,
shoulders, and neck
Laughter

13. Heat and cold can produce analgesia for pain
1. Heat therapy
◦Increases blood flow
◦Increases metabolism
◦Decreases vasomotor tone
2. Cold therapy
◦Reduces edema by reducing vascular flow
◦Diminishes muscle spasm
◦Elevates pain threshold as result of decreasing velocity of
nerve conduction
3. Physical agents
Heat and cold application

14. Thanks