Pakistan-in-Global-Affairs-15052025-111728pm.pptx

gobal affair

1. Pakistan in Global Affairs

2. Introduction Geopolitical location at crossroads of South, Central Asia, and Middle East Foreign policy shaped by: - Regional rivalries - Security concerns - Economic dependencies - Global alliances Foundational vision: Peace, non-alignment, Muslim world support

3. Foundational Phase (1947–1950s) Post-independence insecurities due to resource shortages. Early alignment with the West Joined SEATO and CENTO Seeking aid and security

4. 1970s - Bilateralism & Non-Alignment Post-1971 trauma and shift in direction Z.A. Bhutto’s multipolar vision Strengthened Islamic bloc ties (OIC) Initiation of nuclear program

5. Afghan Jihad (1980s) Soviet invasion of Afghanistan (1979) Pakistan as frontline state US-CIA & Pakistan-ISI cooperation Rise of mujahideen networks

6. Post-Cold War Isolation (1990s) US disengagement Sanctions post-1998 nuclear tests Democratic instability Growth of militant networks

7. War on Terror Era (2001–2010s) Post 9/11: Pakistan aligns with US Operations in tribal regions (Zarb-e-Azb, etc.) High casualties & displacement Emergence of internal security crisis

8. Contemporary Multi-Alignment (2010s–Present) CPEC with China Balancing ties with US, Russia, Gulf Focus on regional connectivity, FATF compliance Emphasis on geoeconomics (post-2018)

9. Pakistan–US Relations Overview Cold War: Strategic alignment, aid, mistrust post-1965/71 Afghan Jihad: Close cooperation, later abandonment 1990s: Sanctions and nuclear tensions P ost-9/11: $33B aid, cooperation + mistrust 2010s–Present: Strategic divergence, pivot to China

10. War on Terror – Pakistan's Role Key partner in NATO logistics Domestic operations: Zarb-e-Azb, Radd-ul- Fasaad Casualties: 50,000+ Humanitarian cost: 3.5M displaced

11. War on Terror – Controversies & Costs Allegations of harboring militants 3,000+ killed by drone strikes $150B economic cost FATF pressure and reform

12. Current Global Engagements CPEC: $62B infrastructure Played a r ole in Afghan peace process Balancing Saudi-Iran relations Engagement in SCO, UN peacekeeping

13. Conclusion Key Challenges: - Balancing sovereignty with alliances - Countering extremism - Achieving economic stability Future Prospects: - Afghan stability role - CPEC success - Navigating US-China rivalry