PARACETAMOL PHARMACOLOGY

Pharmacology of paracetamol and its toxicity and therapeutics uses

1. Antipyretics (paracetamol) KRVS Chaitanya

2. Antipyretics An antipyretic is  a substance that reduces fever (Elevated temperature) . Antipyretics cause the hypothalamus to override a prostaglandin -induced increase in temperature. The body then works to lower the temperature, which results in a reduction in fever.

3. Which drug is an antipyretic? Available OTC antipyretics include  acetaminophen  and the Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs aspirin , ibuprofen , and naproxen. Acetaminophen and Ibuprofen are the 2 most widely used antipyretics

4. What are antipyretics drugs used for? Drugs that are used  to reduce body temperature in fever . An analgesic drug used alone or in combination with Opioids for pain management, and as an antipyretic agent. A salicylate used to treat pain , fever, inflammation , migraines, and reducing the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events.

5. How do NSAIDs act as antipyretics? Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are commonly used for their anti-inflammatory , analgesic, and antipyretic effects . NSAIDs generally work by blocking the production of prostaglandins (PGs) through the inhibition of two cyclooxygenase enzymes.

6. How does PARACETAMOL work pharmacology? Paracetamol is termed a simple analgesic and an antipyretic . Despite enduring assertions that it acts by  inhibition of cyclooxygenase   (COX)- mediated production of prostaglandins, unlike non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), paracetamol has been demonstrated not to reduce tissue inflammation

7. What is the Pharmacodynamic of paracetamol? Pharmacodynamic/Mechanism of action: Paracetamol is a p-aminophenol derivative that exhibits analgesic and antipyretic activity. It does not possess anti-inflammatory activity.  Paracetamol is thought to produce analgesia through a central inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis.

8. What is the pharmacological classification of paracetamol? Paracetamol, also known as acetaminophen, is a medication used to treat fever and mild to moderate pain. Routes of administration :: Mouth, Rectal, Intravenous . Drug class :: Analgesics and Antipyretics

9. What is the target of paracetamol in the body? Paracetamol has a central analgesic effect that is mediated through activation of descending serotonergic pathways. Debate exists about its primary site of action, which may be inhibition of  prostaglandin (PG) synthesis  or through an active metabolite influencing cannabinoid receptors.

10. What is the side effect of paracetamol? Side effects from paracetamol are rare but can include: An allergic reaction , which can cause a rash and swelling . Flushing , low blood pressure and a fast heartbeat – this can sometimes happen when paracetamol is given in hospital into a vein in your arm.

11. Toxicity Hepatic Renal GI effects Hemodynamic changes Respiratory effects Cognitive effects Haematological/ oncological effects Dermatological effects Headache

12. Thank you