Parts of Computer, Hardware and Software

Computer components Hardware, Software

1. Computer Components
Dr. Kuppusamy.P
Associate Professor / SCOPE

2. Computers-Definition
•Computerisanelectronicdevice
•Acceptsinputdata,processesdatabasedonsetofinstructionsin
thememoryandGeneratestheoutput.
•Storestheoutputinthestorage
•Setofinstructionscontrolsthecomputersandtransformthedata
intomeaningfulinformation.
•InformationProcessingCycle:
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3. Realtimeexample
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4. DataProcessingCycle
•InputisthedatafeedintotheCPUusinginputdevices
suchaskeyboard,mouse,webcam,mic,scanners,
sensors,etc.
•E.g.Text,pictures,audio,temperature,pressure,humidity,
speed,etc.,
•Processingisthemanipulationofinputdata.
•Inputdatacontainsrawinformationdenotestheobjects,
andrelatedinformationaboutpeople,places,events,etc.
•Softwareisaprogramthatcontainsasequenceof
instructions.
•Instructionsinstructsthecomputerhowtocarryouta
processingtask.
•E.g.Arithmeticoperations,Searchingadata,Sortingalist.
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5. DataProcessingCycle
•Outputistheresultgeneratedbyprocessingtheinput
data.
•Generatedoutputisdisplayingonscreen,printingonpaper,or
transmittingtoanotherdevice(audio,robotarm).
•Memory-Thedataisstoredtemporarilythatisbeing
processedorwaitingtobeprocessedoroutput.
•E.g.RAM
•Storage-Thedataisstoredpermanentlyeventhatisnot
neededforprocessing.
•E.g.magneticdisks,CD-ROM(CompactDiskRead-Only
Memory),magnetictapes,Flashdisk,Memorycard,Floppy
disk,etc.,
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6. Realtimeexample–Smarthome
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7. Applications
•Personalapplications:Regularactivitiesdoneeasily
•Shoppingonline,Playinggames,Workfromhome,
Entertainment,Communication(e-mails,chats)etc.
•Business:Storeandlargeamountsofinformation.
•Databases,onlinepurchaseandtrackingresourcesquickerand
easier,onlinemeetingsfromdifferentlocations,fastdecision
making
•Education:onlineresearchmaterials,onlinediscussion
aboutongoingresearch,Fastanalysingresearchdata.
Dr. Kuppusamy P

8. PartsofComputer
Computer systems have four parts
•Hardware
•Software
•Data
•User
Hardware
•Physical components of a computer
•E.g. Mouse, keyboard, RAM, Monitor, Speaker, Hard Disk Drive, etc.
Software
•set of programs that enables the hardware to perform a specific task.
Three types of software:
•System software –Enables the hardware to perform a task E.g. Operating system,
firmware.
•Application software –Perform task for another applcationE.g. MS Word, database, web
browser, etc
•Programming software –To write a code, test and debug E.g. Compilers, assemblers
Data -set of values of qualitative or quantitative variables denotes one or more objects
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9. Hardware
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