المعدل جديد.pdfEeasy to learnpdf file presentation

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1. I










ميحرلا نمحرلا الله مسب
) نورصبت لافأ مكسفنأ يفو ( :ىلاعت لاق
ةيلآا تايراذلا ةروس21

2. II

Acknowledgement:
First and foremost, we would like to express our deepest gratitude to Dr. Ahmed Ibn Edriss
Muhammed Ahmed Muhammed and Dr. Mohamed Altayeb Abdo Jado for their valuable
guidance, support, and insightful feedback during this research.
Our appreciation also extends to staff of the Department of pediatrics and health child, Ed-
Dueim Teaching Hospital for providing the academic foundation and resources that greatly
contributed to this study.
We would also like to thank all the faculty members who contributed to our academic and
personal growth.
We are also thankful to our colleagues and peers for their insightful discussions and moral
support, which have enriched this research experience.
Special thanks to Walyaldeen Bashir Ragab (Batch 20) and Akif Mohamed (Batch 21) whose
input and assistance helped shaping this work.

3. III

Dedication:
We, the authors, dedicate this research paper to our families and loved ones, whose unwavering
support, patience, and encouragement have been a source of strength throughout our academic
journey. Their belief in our collective potential has been instrumental in the successful
completion of this work.

4. IV

Table of Contents:
No Topic Page
1 ةيلآا I
2 Acknowledgement II
3 Dedication III
4 Abstract IX
5 Introduction IX
6 Methods IX
7 Results IX
8 Conclusion IX
9 صلختسملا X
10 ةمدقملا X
11 قرطلا X
12 جئاتنلا X
13 جاتنتسلإا X
14 تايصوتلا X
15 Chapter one: Introduction 1
16 Background 2
17 Problem statement 2
18 Justification 3
19 Research questions and hypotheses 3
20 Null Hypothesis (H0) 3

5. V

21 Alternative Hypothesis (H1) 3
22 Objective 4
23
General objective
4
24
Specific Objectives
4
25 Chapter Two: literature review 6
26 Chapter Three: Methodology 9
27
Methodology
10
28
Study Design
10
29
Study Area
10
30
Sample Size
11
31 Inclusion Criteria 11
32 Exclusion Criteria 11
33 Data Collection and Technique 11
34 Data Analysis 11
35
Ethical consideration
12
36 Chapter Four: Results 13
37 Results 14
38 Chapter five: Discussion, conclusion &
recommendation
21
39 Discussion 22
40 Conclusion 23

6. VI

41 Recommendation 24
42 References 25

7. VII

List of Figures























No Topic Page
1 Frequency of attending child health
care center (N=40)
18
2 Frequency of kind of treatment that
child takes (N=40)
18
3 Frequency of fuel used for cooking
(N=40)
19
4 Frequency of cigarette smoking among
family members(N=40)
19
5 Houses ventilation status (N=40) 20

8. VIII

List of Tables


No Topic Page
1 Distribution of study population
according to child gender and age
(N=40)
14
2
Frequencies of children distribution
among families (N=40)
15
3 Frequency distribution of feeding
practices among children under five
years of age (N=40)
15
4 Frequency distribution of
anthropometric measurement of
children under five years of age (N=40)
16
5
Frequency distribution of water
safety among families (N=40)
17

9. IX

Abstract:
Introduction:
Pneumonia remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among children under five
years old, particularly in developing countries like Sudan. Low socioeconomic status, poor
living standards, and limited access to healthcare exacerbate the issue.
Methods:
This descriptive cross-sectional study examined 40 children under five admitted to Ad
Dueim Teaching Hospital in Sudan. Data collection included questionnaires,anthropometric
measurements, and hospital records.
Results:
1.Age and gender: Pneumonia prevalence was higher among males (57.5%) and children
under one year (57.5%).
2.Socioeconomic factors:Low family income (65%) and maternal education (40%) were
significant risk factors.
3.Nutritional status:Malnutrition was prevalent, with 57.5% of children weighing 6.0-10.99
kg.
4.Water and hygiene practices:Tap water usage (65%) and unsafe storage methods
(67.5%) were common.
Conclusion:
Pneumonia remains a significant health concern among children under five in Sudan.
Addressing modifiable risk factors through community education programs, immunization,
breastfeeding promotion, and improved living standards is crucial.

10. X

ملاصلختس
:ةمدقملالاا يف ةصاخ ،ةسماخلا نس نود لافطلأا نيب ةافولاو ضرملل ةيسيئرلا بابسلأا دحأ لازي لا يوئرلا باهتل
لوصولا ةيدودحمو ،ةئيدرلا ةيشيعملا ريياعملاو ،يداصتقلااو يعامتجلاا عضولا ضافخنا .نادوسلا لثم ةيمانلا نادلبلا
.ةيضقلا هذه مقافت نم ديزت ةيحصلا ةياعرلا ىلإ
:قرطلا
ةيعطقملا ةيفصولا ةساردلا هذه تسرد40 .نادوسلا يف يميلعتلا ميودلا ىفشتسم ىلإ مهلاخدإ مت ةسماخلا نس نود ًلافط
.ىفشتسملا تلاجسو ،ةيرتموبورثنأ تاسايق ،تانايبتسا تانايبلا عمج لمش
:جئاتنلا
:ىلا ةيسيئرلا جئاتنلا ريشت
1. :سنجلاو رمعلا يوئرلا باهتللإا راشتنا ناك ( روكذلا نيب ىلعأ57.5 دحاو ماع نس نيب لافطلأاو )%
(57.5.)%
2. ةيعامتجإ لماوعو:ةيداصتقإ ( ةرسلأا لخد ضافخنإ ناك65( ملأا ميلعتو )%40 رطخلا لماوع نم )%
.ةريبكلا
3 :ةيئاذغلا ةلاحلا.( نزو ناك ثيح ًارشتنم ةيذغتلا ءوس ناك57.5 نيب حوارتي لافطلأا نم )%6.0-10.99 جك م
4 :ةفاظنلاو هايملا تاسرامم.( روبنصلا هايم تامادختسإ تناك65( ةنملأا ريغ نيذغتلا قرطو )%67.5 )%
.ةعئاش
:جاتنتسلإا
رطخلا لماوع ةجلاعم دعي .نادوسلا يف ةسماخلا نس نود لافطلأا نيب ريبك يحص قلق ردصم لازي لا يوئرلا باهتللا
ا فيقثتلا جمارب للاخ نم ليدعتلل ةلباقلا ةيشيعملا ريياعملا نيسحتو ،ةيعيبطلا ةعاضرلا زيزعتو ،نيصحتلاو ،يعمتجمل
.ةيمهلأا غلاب اًرمأ
:تايصوتلا
1 ..جلاعلاو ركبملا صيخشتلا
2. .يعمتجملا يحصلا فيقثتلا جمارب
3. .نيصحتلا جمارب لامكإ
4. .ةيعيبطلا ةعاضرلا زيزعت
5. .لفطلاو ملأا ةحص تامدخ يف يحصلا فيقثتلا جمارب