Perforin/granzyme apoptosis pathway

We discuss the perforin/granzyme apoptosis pathway on how the cytotoxic granule mediates cell death and the functional significance of this pathway.

1. Perforin/ Granzyme Apoptosis Pathway

2. Perforin/ granzyme apoptosis pathway is the primary signaling pathway used by cytotoxic lymphocytes to eliminate virus-infected and/or transformed cells. Studies in gene-disrupted mice indicate that perforin, in combination with granzyme , could induce apoptosis. It is vital for cytotoxic effector function and has an indispensable, but an undefined role in granzyme -mediated apoptosis.

3. What is P erforin What is G ranzyme Process of Perforin / Granzyme Pathway Regulation of Perforin / Granzyme Pathway Perforin / Granzyme Apoptosis Pathway in Disease

4. Perforin is a pore-forming protein and also known as cytoplasmic granule toxins. Perforin and Granzyme Granzyme is a family of structurally related serine proteases stored within the cytotoxic granules of cytotoxic lymphocytes (CLs).

5. Perforin and granzyme induce target-cell apoptosis cooperatively. Granzyme is necessary for triggering apoptosis of target cells, but they depend on being appropriately delivered by perforin . Both perforin and granzyme bind to the target-cell surface as part of a single macromolecular complex associated with serglycin , which further diminishes the probability of passive diffusion of granzymes .

6. The functions of granzymes A and B in inducing target-cell apoptosis have been investigated extensively in vitro, and they are better understood than the role of perforin at the molecular level. M A B H K Granzyme

7. Cytotoxic lymphocyte Cytoplasm

8. 1 The perforin pathway is involved intimately in defense against viral pathogens and transformed cells. 2 Perforin is instrumental in the pathogenesis of certain autoimmune disease models, such as insulin-dependent diabetes in non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice, but it might suppress other autoimmune diseases, including experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). 3 The perforin/ granzyme apoptosis pathways that regulate granule polarization and exocytosis are being determined, and these pathways might be disrupted by the interaction of cancer cells with some cytotoxic lymphocytes. Perforin/ Granzyme Apoptosis Pathway in Disease

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