periapical radiolucencies

-introduction
- classification
-- anatomic
-- true radiolucencies
- apical periodontitis
-- clinical features
-- radiographic findings
- periapical abcess
-- clinical features
-- radiographic findings
- periapical granuloma
-- clinical features
-- radiographic findings
- periapical cyst
-- clinical features
--radiographic findings
- periapical cemental dysplasia
-- clinical features
-- radiographic findings
- thank you

1. PERIAPICAL RADIOLUCENCIES Submitted by: Sapna Gautam (15034) Submitted to: Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology

2. CONTENTS INTRODUCTION CLASSIFICATION APICAL PERIODONTITIS PERIAPICAL ABSCESS PERIAPICAL GRANULOMA PERIAPICAL CYST PERIAPICAL CEMENTAL DYSPLASIA

3. INTRODUCTION Periapical radiolucency  is the descriptive term for radiographic changes which are most often due to apical periodontitis and radicular cysts, that is, inflammatory bone lesions around the apex of the tooth which develop if bacteria are spread from the oral cavity through a caries-affected tooth with necrotic dental pulp.

4. CLASSIFICATION ANATOMIC PSEUDOPERIAPICAL RADIOLUCENCY TRUE PERIAPICAL RADIOLUCENT LESIONS

5. ANATOMIC Common to both jaws Marrow space Dental papilla Early stages of tooth development crypt E

6. TRUE RADIOLUCENCIES APICAL PERIODONTITIS PERIAPICAL ABSCESS PERIAPICAL GRANULOMA PERIAPICAL CYST PERIAPICAL CEMENTAL DYSPLASIA

7. APICAL PERIODONTITIS Inflammation of periodontal ligament around the root apex

8. RADIOGRAPHIC FINDING Widening of PDL space

9. PERIAPICAL ABSCESS A  periapical abscess  is a collection of pus at the root of a tooth, usually caused by an infection that has spread from a tooth to the surrounding tissue

10. RADIOGRAPHIC FINDING Slight thickening of PDL space Radiolucent area at apex of root

11. PERIAPICAL GRANULOMA Periapical granuloma  is a chronic inflammation located at the apex of a non vital tooth. It comprises of granulation and scar tissue permeated by diverse inflammatory cells (lymphocytes, plasma cells, macrophages, mast cells

12. RADIOGRAPHIC FINDING well circumscribed, oval or rounded radiolucency surrounding apex of tooth Size is less than 1c.m Sometimes thin opaque line or zone of sclerotic bone seen outlining the lesion

13. PERIAPICAL CYST Periapical cysts , also known as  radicular cysts , are the most frequent  cystic  lesion related to teeth (see mandibular lesions) and result from infection of the tooth

14. RADIOGRAPHIC FINDING Presents as a round/ovoid radiolucency with sclerotic borders and associated with pulpally affected tooth Rarely induce resorption of affected teeth

15. PERIAPICAL CEMENTAL DYSPLASIA Periapical cemental dysplasia  is a benign condition mostly seen in patients over 20 years of age and is more common in women. The lesion occurs in and near the periodontal ligament around the apex of a tooth, usually a mandibular incisor

16. RADIOGRAPHIC FINDING Early-stage lesions : minute radiolucencies Later stage- minute radiolucencies enlarge Tend to coalesce  the radiopacities could Consist of ground-glass appearance