Pest of rice & Pest of Sugarcane

Pest of Rice- Rice stem borer
Pest of Sugarcane - Chilo infuscatellus snellen

1. Pest of rice & Pest of sugarcane Subtitle

2. PEST A pest is any animal or plant which has a harmful effect on humans, their food or their living condition.

3. PEST OF RICE RICE STEM BORER ( TRYPORYZA INCERTULAS ) CLASSIFICATION class – Insecta order – lepidoptera family – pyraustidae genus - Tryporyza species - incertulas C OMMON NAME - Rice stem borer, yellow stem borer.

4. RICE STEM BORER DISTRIBUTION Andhra Pradesh, Orissa, Tamil nadu and Bengal. FOOD PLANTS feed paddy crop GENERAL APPEARANCE size- 15-20mm in length and has a wing expanse of 24-45mm. female moth is bigger than the male and has distinct black spot on each of the bright yellowish forewing. The male moth has pale whitish yellow coloured fore wing without any spot.

5. General appearance

6. RICE STEM BORER PERIOD OF OCCURRENCE In northern regions of India, this pest is active from April to October and hibernates from November to march as a full grown larva in rice stubble. Pupation starts in march and the emergence of moth begin in April. EXTENT OF YIELD LOSS - 30-95% DAMAGE STAGE OF THE INSECT- caterpillar

7. NATURE OF DAMAGE

8. CONTROL CULTURAL CONTROL Destruction of weeds harbouring pests. Pulling out infested rice plant Flooding the field after harvest. Stubble left after harvest should be ploughed up and burn or submerged in water immediately after harvest. Crop rotation.

9. CONTROL CHEMICAL CONTROL Application of BHC and DDT at 0.1% in spray or 1% in dust Spray of 0.125% taxaphone Socking the seed with folidol Spray of fenthion, fenitrothion, quinalphos, phosphamidon , monocrotophos and granules of lindane and carbaryl lindane mixture are effective in checking the destruction from this pest.

10. CONTROL MECHANICAL CONTROL collection and destruction of egg masses from nursery plants. Setting up of light traps to trap and destroy the moth Destruction of seedling with ‘dead hearts’ while planting.

11. PEST OF SUGARCANE CHILO INFUSCATELLUS SNELLEN CLASSIFICATION Class Insecta Order Lepidoptera Family Crambidae Genus chilo Species infuscatellus COMMON NAME- Early shoot borer, Sugarcane shoot borer.

12. DISTRIBUTION India, Burma, Talwan , Pakistan, Philippines. FOOD PLANTS sugarcane is the main host of this insect but it is also found feeding on bajra, maize, sarkanda and other grasses.

13. GENERAL APPEARANCE Straw coloured forewings and hindwings are white in colour with apical light buff Moth is about 30-40mm in length with expanse.

14. LIFE HISTORY

15. DAMAGE

16. SYMPTOMS Dead heart shows in 1-3 months old crop, which can be easily pulled out. Caterpillar bores into the central shoot and feeds on the internal tissue cause dead heart. Rotten portion of the straw coloured shoot emits an offensive odour A number of bore holes at the base of the shoot just above the ground level.

17. CONTROL METHOD CULTURAL METHOD Early planting during December-January escapes the early shoot borer incidence. Use resistant varieties like co312, co421, co661, co917 and co853. MECHANICAL METHOD Timely disposal of infested plants. Pulling at the dead hearts and destroying them. BIOLOGICAL METHOD Apply granulosis virus 1.5*135 IBS/ha Install pheromone traps Release 125 gravid females of sturmiopsis inferens a tachinid parasite per ac.

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