Pharmaceutical Applications of Peptide Hormones A Drug

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1. Pharmaceutical Applications
of Peptide Hormones as Drugs
What is a Hormone?
A hormoneis a chemical
messengermade and released by
special glands or cells in the body.
What is a Peptide Hormone?
A peptide hormoneis a type of
hormone made up of amino acids
(the building blocks of proteins)

2. Introduction to Peptide Hormones
Peptide hormones are naturally occurring biomolecules composed of short
chains of amino acids.
They act as chemical messengers in the body, regulating essential
physiological processes such as metabolism, growth, reproduction, and
homeostasis.
Their high specificity and potency make them valuable therapeutic agents.
INTRODUCTION TO PEPTIDE
HORMONE
Peptide hormones are naturally occurring
biomolecules composed of short chains of amino
acids.
They act as chemical messengers in the body,
regulating essential physiological processes such
as metabolism, growth, reproduction, and
homeostasis.
Their high specificity and potency make them
valuable therapeutic agents.

3. Why Peptide Hormones as Drugs?
Advantages:
High potency & specificity
Lower side effects
Mimic natural processes
Limitations:
Short half-life, Mostly injectable
Why Peptide Hormones as Drugs?
Advantages:
High potency & specificity
Lower side effects
Mimic natural processes
Limitations:
Short half-life
Mostly injectable

4. Hormone Function
Pharmaceutical
Use
Insulin Regulates blood glucose
Diabetes mellitus
treatment
Glucagon Raises blood glucose
Treats
hypoglycemia
Oxytocin
Uterine contraction &
lactation
Laborinduction,
postpartum bleeding
Vasopressin (ADH)Water retention
Diabetes insipidus
treatment
Growth Hormone
(Somatotropin)
Stimulates growth and
metabolism
Growth disorders,
muscle wasting
FSH & LH
Regulate reproductive
functions
Fertility treatments
Common Pharmaceutical Peptide Hormones

5. Insulin -The First Success Story
Therapeutic Use:
First peptide drug used in medicine (1922).
Essential for the management of Type 1 diabetes
and advanced Type 2 diabetes.
Pharmaceutical Impact:
Transformed diabetes from a fatal condition to a
manageable chronic disease.

6. Oxytocin -The LaborHormone
Therapeutic Uses:
Induces uterine contractions to initiate or strengthen labor.
Prevents and controls postpartum hemorrhage after
childbirth.
Used to promote milk ejection during lactation.
Being explored for potential roles in treating autism and
social anxiety disorders.
Pharmaceutical Impact:
A crucial peptide hormone in obstetric and neonatal care,
playing a life-saving role in safe childbirth and maternal
health.

7. Glucagon
Therapeutic Uses:
Used in the emergency treatment of severe
hypoglycemia (low blood sugar).
Employed as a diagnostic aid in radiologic
examinations of the gastrointestinal tract.
Investigated for potential use in obesity and heart
failure management.
Pharmaceutical Impact:
A vital peptide drug that rapidly restores blood
glucose levels, making it life-saving in diabetic
emergencies.

8. FSH and LH (Gonadotropins)
Therapeutic Uses:
Used in the treatment of infertility in both men and
women.
FSH helps stimulate follicle development in women and
sperm production in men.
LH or LH analogs are used to trigger ovulation in
assisted reproductive technologies.
Pharmaceutical Impact:
Essential peptide hormones in reproductive medicine,
aiding fertility treatments and hormonal balance.

9. Advances in Peptide Drug Development
Recombinant DNA technologyallows large-scale
production of human peptide hormones.
Peptide analogs(modified sequences) increase
stability and half-life (e.g., insulin analogslike
Lispro, Glargine).
Drug delivery innovations:Microneedles,
PEGylation, nanoparticles, and hydrogels enhance
bioavailability.

10. Clinical Importance
Peptide hormones are essential in treating
endocrine disorders, metabolic diseases, and
fertility problems.
They serve as biological therapeutics in
personalized and regenerative medicine.
Challenges
Rapid degradation by enzymes.
Short circulation time in the body.
Expensive production and need for cold storage.
Limited oral formulations.

11. CONCLUSION
Peptide hormones are very useful as medicines
because they work naturally in the body and are
highly specific in their actions.
They are used to treat many diseases such as
diabetes, infertility, growth problems, and heart
conditions.
Overall, peptide hormonedrugs are becoming an
important part of modern medicine, offering safer and
more effective treatments for many health conditions.

12. References
Goodman & Gilman’s The Pharmacological Basis of
Therapeutics, 14th Edition, McGraw-Hill Education, 2022.
Katzung, B.G., et al.Basic & Clinical Pharmacology, 16th
Edition, McGraw-Hill Education, 2021
Walsh, G.Pharmaceutical Biotechnology:
Concepts and Applications, Wiley, 2018.
Madsen, J., Knop, F.K., Holst, J.J. (2019).
Bailey, C.J. & Day, C. (2019).