PHILOSOPHY - WEEK 1 _20240918_081219_0000.pdf

Yauwjsh

1. INTRODUCTION TO PHILOSOPHY
OF THE HUMAN PERSON

2. FOR YOU, WHAT IS
PHILOSOPHY?

3. Philos - "Love"; Sophia - "Wisdom"
Philosopher - "Lover of Wisdom"
"Philosophy is the knowledge of all things
through their ultimate causes, acquired
through the use of reason"
PHILOSOPHY

4. Material Object of Philosophy: "Philosphy studies all things"; thus all
aspects of reality can be the object of a philosophical study.
Formal Object of Philosophy: "through their ultimate causes";
seeking the deepest explanations regarding the existence and nature of
beings
Natural Scope of Philosophy: "Acquired through the use of
reason"; seeking the ultimate explanations that can be arrived at
by applying reasoning to facts supplied by experience.
PHILOSOPHY

5. BRANCHES
OF
PHILOSPHY

6. Studies the nature of knowledge
and the rationality of belief; the
means of production of
knowledge.
EPISTEMOLOGY

7. Studies and asks questions
abou the essence and
existence of a being.
METAPHYSICS

8. Concerned with
"reasoning" or truth.
LOGIC

9. 5
Concerned the matter
of "value/morality"
ETHICS/AXIOLOGY

10. Expores the nature and
appreciation of art, beauty and
taste.
AESTHETICS

11. Is the science of the nature,
existence, essence, attributes.
and operations of God.
THEODICY

12. LET'S TRY YOUR
UNDESTANDING

13. HISTORY
OF
PHILOSOPHY

14. PYTHAGORAS
Lonian Greek Philospher
First person to name himself
a philosopher or lover of
wisdom
Known for his Pythagorean
Theorem in geometry

15. THALES OF MILETUS
First person to explain the world
and universe outside
mythological concepts
He explained that the world was
made up of "water"
Teacher of Pythagoras

16. HERACLITUS
6
He believed that the
world originated from
the fire element.

17. SOCRATES
First moral philospher
Known for his socratic method
(elenchus)
Teacher of Plato
""Stresses that man must
take good care of its soul"
"all human beings desire
the good"

18. PLATO
Student of socrates and
Teacher of Aristotle
Founder of the academy of
Athens
"The soul is immortal, even
the physical ceased to exist."
"Virtue is Knowledge
The soul is the principle which
explains all life

19. ARISTOTLE
Student of Plato and
Teacher of Alexander the
Great
On his treatise, Peri Psyche,
the soul is divided into three
types and each according to
each living being

20. 6
SAINT AUGUSTINE
OF HIPPO
Bishop of Hippus region of
North Africa
Combined Christian doctrine
with Platonic ideology
Believed that everything is
connected with God

21. SAINT THOMAS
AQUINAS
"Believed that truth is to be
accepted no matter where it
is found"
Followed Aristotelian
philosophy
Reaffiremed the three
types of souls (first written
by Aristotle)

22. IBN AL-NAFIS
First describe the
pulmonary circulation of
the circulatory system
Believed that the soul is
found through out the
entirely of the body, not
just one pf its organ

23. RENE DESCARTES
Father of modern Western
Philosophy
Father of Analytical
Geometry
Cogito ergo sum ("I think
therefore I am")
Believed that the mind and
body is distinct but closely
joined.

24. BARUCH SPINOZA
6
One of the pioneers of
the Dutch Golden Age
Opposed Descartes' Mind-
Body dualism
Substance vs. Accidence
No one is intrinsically good
or evil

25. DOING
PHILOSOPHY

26. IMPORTANCE OF
PHILOSOPHICAL REFLECTION
Philosophical reflection is the process
by which a person undergoes a
reflective state or evaluates his or her
experiences first before making any
related action.

27. HUMAN ACTIVITIES EMANATED
FROM DELIBERATE REFLECTION
In the process, one can learn more about
himself or herself, including personal beliefs,
ideals, or bvalues. Previous experiences may
be seen s important aspects of making
reflections because it is facilitated by deeper
thinking and understanding of the self.

28. HOLISTIC AND PARTIAL POINTS
OF VIEW
Before engaging in philosophical inquiry, one
must be able to distinguish between a holistic
and partial view point. This is critical for
anyone doing philosophy because it sets a
limit in coming up with conclusions about a
given situations.

29. HOLISTIC POINT
OF VIEW
- Looks at at all aspects of the
given problem or situation.
- All aspects aregiven
importance when making
conclusiions
- All aspects are tied in together
to form a general overview of
the problem or situation
PARTIAL POINT
OF VIEW
Looks at Only a limited number
of aspects of the given problem
or situations.
Conclusions are made based on
considering some, but not all,
sides of the problem or situation.

30. HOLISTIC POINT
OF VIEW
EXAMPLE:
A teacher listens first to
both stories of her two
arguing students before
making any conclusions
about the issue.
PARTIAL POINT
OF VIEW
EXAMPLE:
A teacher scolds Students A after
student B accused him of stealing
her pencil case. However, the
teacher only listened to the story of
student, and not to student,before
deciding to scold the student.

31. IMPORTANCE OF DOING
PHILOSOPHY
Doing philosophy can be applied in day-to-
day activities and life perspectives. Because
it involves anevaluative process, doing
philosophy allows a person to make better
decisions and act accordinglyto situations
with the help of various philosophical skills

32. Create a short skit that shows
Holistic and Partial Point of
View
ACTIVITY

33. 1ST LONG
QUIZ