Physiographic Divisions of India, Geography class 9, cbse

a presentation useful for the students of class 9, cbse stream.

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2. Continent - Asia

Region - Southern
Asia
Indian Sub
Continent

Coordinates - 20°00'N
77°00'E

Area - Ranked 7th
3,287,263 km²
1,269,345.60
miles²
90.44% land
9.56% water

Coastline -7,516 km (4,670.23
miles)
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4. India is a vast country with
varied landforms.
Our country has practically
all major physical features of the
earth i.e. mountains, plains,
deserts, plateaus and islands.

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5. MAJOR PHYSIOGRAPHIC DIVISIONS

 The physical features of
India can be grouped under
the following physiographic
divisions :
(i) The Himalayan
Mountains
(ii) The Northern Plains
(iii) The Peninsular Plateau
(iv) The Indian Desert
(v) The Coastal Plains
(vi) The Islands

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6. The Himalayan Mountains

Physiographic Divisions of India
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7. Himayalayan ranges

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8. The Himalayas, geologically youngfold
mountains stretch over the northern
borders of India.
They form an arc, which covers a
distance of about 2,400 Km.
Formed as aresult of collision of the
Indo-Australian plate with the Eurasian
plate. (broke apart from the
Gondwanaland).
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9. The Himalayan mountain: always of great
importance for Indians.
 Worshipped as a holy figure by the Hindu
mythology, Himalayas also give rise to a
number of rivers in the form of glaciers.
The Himalayas on the basis of the size of the
peaks are classified into three:
1.The Himadri or the upper-Himalayas.
This range consists of the loftiest peaks in
the whole range, the average height of the
peaks being 6,000 metres.

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10. The range lying to the south of the
Himadri is called the Himachal or the
lesser Himalaya. It is shorter than
Himadri with the altitude of the peaks
varying from 3,700 to 4,500 metres. This
range is well known for its hill stations
like the Kullu (H.P).
The third layer is called the Shiwaliks.
This range is composed of
unconsolidated sediments brought
down by the rivers. 10 to 50 m in width,
height of peaks : 900-1,100 m range.
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12. HIMALAYAS
PUNJAB HIMALAYAS
KUMAON HIMALAYAS
PURVANCHAL
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13. The Himalayas have been divided
in to three: between Indus and
Satluj has been known as [1]
Punjab Himalayas.
between Satluj and Kali rivers is
known as [2] Kumaon Himalayas.
 the [3] Purvanchal or the Eastern
hills and mountains.
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14. Physiographic Divisions of India

The Northern Plains
formed by the interplay of the
three major river systems, namely–
the Indus, the Ganga and the
Brahmaputra along with their
tributaries. This plain is formed of
alluvial soil. It is a vast fertile plain.
It spreads over an area of
7 lakh sq. km.
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15. * The plain is 2400 Km long and
240 to 320 Km broad.
* It is densely populated.
* Agriculturally a very
productive part of India.
• Comprised mainly of flood
plains.
• The main location for a number
of industries and big cities.
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16. Northern Plains
PUNJAB PLAINS
GANGA PLAINS
Brahmaputra Plains
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17. The Northern Plains are known as:
The Punjab Plains – The western part of
the northern plains, drained mainly by
the Indus river and its tributaries. The
major part of this plain lies in Pakistan.
The Ganga plains – Lying between the
rivers Ghaggar and Teesta, it drains the
northern part of the nation comprising of
Haryana, Delhi, U.P, Bihar, Jharkhand
and West Bengal.
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18. * The Brahmaputra Plains –
This area lies to the right of
India. This part is marked by its
rocky, almost uninhabitable
terrain where even
transportation is difficult.
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19. The rivers deposit pebbles in a narrow belt
of about 8 to 16 km in width lying parallel to
the slopes of the Shiwaliks. It is known as
bhabar. All the streams disappear in
this bhabar belt.
South of this belt there is a wet, swampy
and marshy region known as terai.
This was a thickly forested region full of
wildlife.
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21. 2 TYPES OF
ALLUVIAL SOILS
Bhangar
(old alluvial)
Khadar
(new alluvial)
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22.  The largest part of the northern plain
is formed of older alluvium and known
as bhangar. The soil in this region is
locally known as kankar.
 The newer, younger deposits of the
flood plains are called khadar. They
are renewed almost every year and so
are fertile, thus, ideal for intensive
agriculture.
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23. Physiographic Divisions of India
The peninsular
plateau
The Peninsular
plateau is a
tableland
composed of old
igneous and
metamorphic rocks.
It IS the oldest
landmass. This
plateau consists of
two broad
divisions, namely,
the Central
Highlands and the
Deccan Plateau.
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24. 1. To the north of
the Narmada river
covering a major
area of the Malwa
plateau is known
as the Central
Highlands.
The Vindhyan
range is bounded
by the Central
Highlands on the
south and the
Aravalis on the
northwest. The
eastward
extensions of this
plateau are locally
known as the
Bundelkhand .
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25. 2.The Deccan
Plateau is a
triangular
landmass that
lies to the south
of the river
Narmada. The
Satpura ranges
, Mahadev ,
Kaimur hills and
the Maikal
ranges are the
part of it.
It is separated
by the
Chotanagpur
Plateau.
Three
Prominent hill
ranges from the
west to east are
the Garo, the
Khasi and the
Jaintia Hills.
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26. Western Ghats:
 western edges of the
Deccan Plateau
 lie parallel to the
western coast.
They are continuous
The Western Ghats
are higher than the
Eastern Ghats.
Their average
elevation is 900–
1600 metres.

Height increases
from north to
south.
The highest peaks
include the Anai
Mudi
(2,695metres) and
the Doda Betta
(2,637 metres).
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27. Eastern Ghats
mark the
eastern edges
of the plateau.
discontinuous
and irregular
and dissected
by rivers
draining into
the Bay of

Bengal.
Mahendragiri
(1,501 metres)
is the highest
peak .
Shevroy Hills
and the Javadi
Hills are
located to the
southeast
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28. Physiographic Divisions of India
4. The Indian
Desert
 The Thar
Desert is spread
over the western
parts of
Rajasthan, with
a small portion
in Pakistan.

resulting in lack
of rain(only
150mm per
annum) and thus
hot conditions.
 The desert is an
undulating plan
of sand with a
large number of
sand dunes.
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29.  The only large
river in this area is
the Luni.
Near the Indo-
Pakistan border,
one can see
crescent shaped
sand dunes named:
Barchans.

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30. Physiographic Divisions of India
5. The Coastal Plains
The narrow strip of land along
the edge of the peninsular
plateau, is known as the Coastal
plains.
The coastal plains have many
deltas.



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31. Western Coastal plains
Konkan coast
Kannad Plains
Malabar coast
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32. The western coast, sandwiched between the
Western Ghats and the Arabian Sea, is a
narrow plain.
 It consists of three sections. The northern
part of the coast is called the Konkan
(Mumbai – Goa), the central stretch is called
the Kannad Plain while the southern
stretch is referred to as the
Malabar coast.
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34. Physiographic Divisions of India
The Islands
India has two
groups of islands.
The Lakshadweep
Islands group lye
close to the
Malabar coast.
Is composed of
small coral islnds. It
covers an area of
32 sq km. Kavaratti
island is the
administrative
headquarters of
Lakshadweep. This
island group has
great diversity of
flora and fauna. The
Pitli island, which is
uninhabited, has a
bird sanctuary.

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35. The islands located in
the Bay of Bengal
extending from north
to south is the
Andaman and
Nicobar islands.
They are bigger in
size and are more
numerous and
scattered.
divided into two – The
Andaman in the north
and the Nicobar in the
south. These island
groups are of great
starategic importance
for the country.
There is great
diversity of flora and
fauna here. These
islands lie close to
equator and
experience equatorial
climate and has thick
forest cover.
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36. 1.WHICH IS THE OLDEST AND MASS IN INDIA?
2.WHAT IS THE HIGHEST PEAK IN THE EASTERN GHATS?
3.WHY THE GREATER HIMALAYAS ARE CALLED HIMADRI?
4.WHAT DO YOU MEAN BY THE THEORY OF
PLATE TECTONICS?
1.WHAT IS THE HEIGHT OF MT. EVEREST?
2.WHAT IS A DUN?
3.WHAT IS THE MEANING OF DOAB?
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37. Locate the following:
MUSSOORIE, NAINITAL,
VINDHYA RANGES, ARAVALLY,
ZASKAR RANGE
GARO & KHASI HILLS
KARAKORAM RANGES
PEAK K2, ANAI MUDI.

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38. Highest point
Kangchenjunga
8,598 m (28,209 ft)

Lowest point
Kuttanad-
2.2 m (-7.2 ft)
Longest river
Ganges –Brahmaputra

Largest lake
Chilka lake


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40. Karakoram range in Himalayas

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41. MOUNTAIN PASS
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42. KAILASH and KARAKORAM HIMAYALAYS
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43. MOUNT EVEREST
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44. DAL LAKE
These houseboats float on
Dal Lake, in the city of
Srinagar, northern India.
This region contains a
section of the Karakorum
Range, which can be seen
here in the background.
Most of India’s high peaks
are located in Kashmir,
including a number of
mountains more than 7,500
m (25,000 ft) high.
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45. Deccan Plateau
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46. Western ghats
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47. A desert region
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48. THAR DESERT
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49. An island
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50. Western coast of India

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51. Pl mail ur suggestions
to: [email protected]
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