Physiological changes during pregnancy.pptx MIDWIFERY AND OBSTETRICAL NURSING (2)

PHYSIOLOGICAL CHANGES DURING PREGNANCY INTRODUCTION

DEFINITION

VARIOUS PHYSIOLOGICAL CHANGES DURING PREGNANCY

WEIGHT GAIN

CONCLUSION.
PREGNANCY IS A TERM USED TO DESCRIBE THE PERIOD IN WHICH A FETUS DEVELOPS INSIDE A WOMAN’S WOMB OR UTERUS


IT USUALLY LAST ABOUT 40 WEEKS OR JUST OVER 09 MONTHS.

DEFINITION:‘’
PREGNANCY IS DEFINED AS THE COURSE OF EMBRYO, FETAL GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT IN UTERINE.’

’PHYSIOLOGICAL CHANGES DURING PREGNANCY�
REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM CHANGES

VULVA - BECOMES MORE EDEMATOUS, VASCULAR & HYPERTROPHIED.

VAGINA -
INCREASED CIRCULATION, CHANGES COLOR FROM NORMAL LIGHT PINK TO BLUISH COLOUR KNOWN AS CHADWICK’S SIGN/ JACQUEMIER’S SIGN.
VAGINAL WALL BECOME HYPERTROPHY, EDEMATOUS & MORE VASCULAR.
SECREATION BECOMES COPIOUS, THIN & CURDY WHITE.
PH BECOMES ACIDIC 3.5-6 .
REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM CHANGES

c) UTERUS - CHANGES OCCUR IN ALL PARTS.

WEIGHT- NON PREGNANT- 60-70 GM
PREGNANT- 1000-1100 GM.
CAPACITY- NON PREGNANT- 5-10 ML PREGNANT- 500-1000 TIMES LENGTH NON PREGNANT-7.5 CM .PREGNANT- 35 CM
UTERUS-UTERINE ARTERY DIAMETER INCREASES SHAPE- EARLY- PYRIFORM 12 WKS- GLOBULAR 28WKS- OVOID
BEYOND 36 WKS SPHERICALREPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM CHANGES
c) UTERUS -
POSITION- NON PREGNANT-ANTEVERTED & ANTEFLEXED
PREGNANT- DEXTRAROTATION
CERVIX-INCREASED VASCULARITY & SOFTENING OF CERVIX FALLOPIAN TUBE- LENGTH INCREASES & MUSCLES UNDERGO HYPERTROPHIED
OVARY- MENSTRUATION CYCLE STOPS
d) BREAST CHANGES – INCREASED SIZE VASCULARITY INCREASES SKIN BECOMES THIN AREOLA INTEGUMENTARY CHANGES
CHLOASMA GRAVIDARUM - BROWN, BLOTCHY AREA ON THE FOREHEAD,CHEEKS AND NOSE.

LINEA NIGRA - MIDDLE OF ABDOMEN SKIN MAY GET A DARKENED LINE.
STRIAE GRAVIDARUM- VARIOUS STRETCH MARKS ON ABDOMEN.
MORE PIGMENTED, NIPPLES ERECTED &BREASTENLARGESSEBACEOUS GLANDS BECOME HYPERTROPHIED.) CARDIOVASCULAR CHANGES
BLOOD PRESSURE DECREASES SLIGHTLY HEART RATE INCREASES CARDIAC OUTPUT INCREASES
4) RESPIRATORY CHANGES IN 3rd TRIMESTER INCREASE PRESSURE ON DIAGPHRAM SHORTNESS OF BREATH NASAL MUCOSA EDEMATOUS DUE TO VASOCONGESTION 5)MUSCULOSKELETAL CHANGES
LARDOSIS INCREASES BACKACHE,LEG CRAMP.
6) HEMATOLOGICAL CHANGES

BLOOD VOL INCREASES BY 40-45%
PLASMA VOL INCREASES UPTO 50%
RBC VOL INCREASES UPTO 30%
HB SLIGHTLY DECREASES 11-12 MG/DL

7) ENDOCTRINE SYSTEM CHNAGES

PITUITARY ENLARGE
PROLACTIN LEVEL INCREASES
PROGESTERONE & OESTROGEN INCREASES
8) METTABOLIC CHANGES INCREASE IN NUTRIENT & FAT STORAGE TOTAL METABOLISM INCREASES DUE TO NEED OF GROWING FETUS.
WEIGHT GAIN
IN EARLY WEEKS WEIGHTLOSS DUE TO NAUSEA & VOMITTING.
AFTER THAT WEGHT GAIN STARTS TOTAL WEIGHT GAIN FOR HEALTHY PREGNANT WOMEN IS 11 KGS.
1ST TRIMESTER- 1 KG
2ND TRIMESTER- 5 KG
3RD TRIMESTER- 5 KG .

1. PHYSIOLOGICAL CHANGES DURING PREGNANY URIKKHINBAM SONIA DEVI MSC( N) OBG

2. INTRODUCTION DEFINITION VARIOUS PHYSIOLOGICAL CHANGES DURING PREGNANCY WEIGHT GAIN CONCLUSION

3. PREGNANCY IS A TERM USED TO DESCRIBE THE PERIOD IN WHICH A FETUS DEVELOPS INSIDE A WOMAN’S WOMB OR UTERUS IT USUALLY LAST ABOUT 40 WEEKS OR JUST OVER 09 MONTHS.

4. DEFINITION ‘’PREGNANCY IS DEFINED AS THE COURSE OF EMBRYO, FETAL GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT IN UTERINE.’’

5. PHYSIOLOGICAL CHANGES DURING PREGNANCY REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM CHANGES VULVA - BECOMES MORE EDEMATOUS, VASCULAR & HYPERTROPHIED . VAGINA - INCREASED CIRCULATION, CHANGES COLOR FROM NORMAL LIGHT PINK TO BLUISH COLOUR KNOWN AS CHADWICK’S SIGN/ JACQUEMIER’S SIGN. VAGINAL WALL BECOME HYPERTROPHY, EDEMATOUS & MORE VASCULAR. SECREATION BECOMES COPIOUS, THIN & CURDY WHITE. PH BECOMES ACIDIC 3.5-6

6. PHYSIOLOGICAL CHANGES DURING PREGNANCY REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM CHANGES c) UTERUS - CHANGES OCCUR IN ALL PARTS . WEIGHT - NON PREGNANT- 60-70 GM PREGNANT- 1000-1100 GM. CAPACITY - NON PREGNANT- 5-10 ML PREGNANT- 500-1000 TIMES LENGTH - NON PREGNANT-7.5 CM PREGNANT- 35 CM UTERUS - UTERINE ARTERY DIAMETER INCREASES SHAPE - EARLY- PYRIFORM 12 WKS- GLOBULAR 28WKS- OVOID BEYOND 36 WKS- SPHERICAL

7. PHYSIOLOGICAL CHANGES DURING PREGNANCY REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM CHANGES c) UTERUS - POSITION - NON PREGNANT-ANTEVERTED & ANTEFLEXED PREGNANT- DEXTRAROTATION CERVIX - INCREASED VASCULARITY & SOFTENING OF CERVIX FALLOPIAN TUBE- LENGTH INCREASES & MUSCLES UNDERGO HYPERTROPHIED OVARY - MENSTRUATION CYCLE STOPS d) BREAST CHANGES – INCREASED SIZE VASCULARITY INCREASES SKIN BECOMES THIN AREOLA MORE PIGMENTED, NIPPLES ERECTED & BREAST ENLARGES SEBACEOUS GLANDS BECOME HYPERTROPHIED

8. PHYSIOLOGICAL CHANGES DURING PREGNANCY INTEGUMENTARY CHANGES CHLOASMA GRAVIDARUM - BROWN, BLOTCHY AREA ON THE FOREHEAD,CHEEKS AND NOSE. LINEA NIGRA - MIDDLE OF ABDOMEN SKIN MAY GET A DARKENED LINE. STRIAE GRAVIDARUM- VARIOUS STRETCH MARKS ON ABDOMEN.

9. PHYSIOLOGICAL CHANGES DURING PREGNANCY 3) CARDIOVASCULAR CHANGES BLOOD PRESSURE DECREASES SLIGHTLY HEART RATE INCREASES CARDIAC OUTPUT INCREASES 4) RESPIRATORY CHANGES IN 3 rd TRIMESTER INCREASE PRESSURE ON DIAGPHRAM SHORTNESS OF BREATH NASAL MUCOSA EDEMATOUS DUE TO VASOCONGESTION 5) MUSCULOSKELETAL CHANGES LARDOSIS INCREASES BACKACHE LEG CRAMP

10. PHYSIOLOGICAL CHANGES DURING PREGNANCY 6) HEMATOLOGICAL CHANGES BLOOD VOL INCREASES BY 40-45% PLASMA VOL INCREASES UPTO 50% RBC VOL INCREASES UPTO 30% HB SLIGHTLY DECREASES 11-12 MG/DL 7) ENDOCTRINE SYSTEM CHNAGES PITUITARY ENLARGE PROLACTIN LEVEL INCREASES PROGESTERONE & OESTROGEN INCREASES 8) METTABOLIC CHANGES INCREASE IN NUTRIENT & FAT STORAGE TOTAL METABOLISM INCREASES DUE TO NEED OF GROWING FETUS

11. PHYSIOLOGICAL CHANGES DURING PREGNANCY 9) GI SYSTEM CHANGES PRESSURE CHANGE IN STOMACH LEADS TO HEARTBURN CONSTIPATION NAUSEA & VOMITTING URINARY SYSTEM CHANGES RENAL & URETAL DILATATION GLYCOSUNIA GLOMESULAR FILTERATION RATE INCREASES

12. WEIGHT GAIN IN EARLY WEEKS WEIGHTLOSS DUE TO NAUSEA & VOMITTING. AFTER THAT WEGHT GAIN STARTS TOTAL WEIGHT GAIN FOR HEALTHY PREGNANT WOMEN IS 11 KGS. 1 ST TRIMESTER- 1 KG 2 ND TRIMESTER- 5 KG 3 RD TRIMESTER- 5 KG

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