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1. SAHAR AZAM KHAN D/O AZAM KHAN USER ID: 0000666316 ASSIGNMENT NO 2 Course: Basics of ICT (5403) COARSE CODE 5403 Semester: Spring, 2024 Level: BS ENGLISH ADDRESS: MAMOOTI KATLANG MARDAN CONTACT NO: 03444909433 Question #1 a) What is meant by computer software? Differentiate between system software and application software? Computer Software : Software refers to a collection of instructions or programs that enable a computer to perform specific tasks. It's a bridge between the user and hardware, controlling and coordinating all the functions of a computer system. System Software : This type of software is designed to manage and control the hardware components of a computer. It acts as an interface between the hardware and application software. Examples : Operating systems like Windows, macOS, and Linux. Purpose : It helps in managing the computer ’ s core functions, such as memory management, task scheduling, and file handling. Application Software : These are programs that allow users to accomplish specific tasks like creating documents, playing games, or managing data. Examples : Microsoft Word, Excel, Adobe Photoshop. Purpose : Designed to perform user-specific tasks or solve a particular problem, such as word processing or spreadsheet management. b) What is meant by word processing? List key features provided by word processor. Word Processing : Word processing refers to the use of computer software to create, edit, format, and print text-based documents. Word processors offer a wide range of tools to help users write and design documents efficiently. Key Features of Word Processors : Text Formatting : Allows users to change the font type, size, color, and alignment of text. Spell Check and Grammar : Automatically detects and suggests corrections for spelling and grammatical errors. Find and Replace : Helps users locate specific words or phrases and replace them. Tables and Charts : Enables users to insert tables, charts, and graphs into the document. Page Layout : Provides options for margins, page orientation, headers, and footers. Inserting Multimedia : Users can insert images, videos, and hyperlinks into the document. Collaboration Tools : Allows multiple users to work on the same document in real-time (e.g., Google Docs). Document Templates : Offers pre-designed templates for reports, letters, and resumes. Question #2 a) What is meant by operating system? Define it in detail with the help of different examples. Operating System (OS) : An operating system is system software that manages computer hardware, software resources, and provides common services for computer programs. It acts as an intermediary between users and the computer hardware. It controls all the basic functions such as input, output, memory management, and device management. Examples : Windows : A popular OS by Microsoft used in personal computers and business environments. macOS : Developed by Apple for its range of computers, focusing on aesthetics and security. Linux : An open-source operating system known for its flexibility, commonly used in servers and programming. Android : An OS designed for mobile devices developed by Google. Functions of an OS : Memory Management : Allocates and deallocates memory space as needed by programs. Task Scheduling : Manages the execution of multiple tasks simultaneously. File System Management : Controls the creation, deletion, and access to files. Security Management : Ensures data security through permissions and access control. Input/Output Control : Manages the interaction between hardware devices like printers, keyboards, etc. b) Write short notes on the following topics : Popular Operating Systems : Windows : Known for its user-friendly interface, used in personal and business computers worldwide. macOS : Apple ’ s exclusive OS for Mac computers, known for its strong integration with Apple devices. Linux : A free, open-source OS, preferred by developers and system administrators. Android : The most popular mobile OS, widely used in smartphones and tablets. Network Connection and IP Setting : Network Connection : It refers to the method of linking computers and devices to enable communication, such as via Wi-Fi or Ethernet. IP Setting : IP (Internet Protocol) settings configure the network's devices to communicate with each other. They include assigning static or dynamic IP addresses, setting up subnet masks, and configuring gateways. Question #3 a) Question #4 Write a note (in your own words) on the following: Multimedia Kiosk: A multimedia kiosk is a self-service computer terminal that allows users to interact with multimedia content. It often includes touchscreens and is used in public places like airports, malls, and museums to provide information, services, or advertisements. Multimedia Software : Multimedia software refers to programs designed to create, edit, and manage multimedia content like video, audio, images, and text. Examples include Adobe Photoshop, Final Cut Pro, and Microsoft PowerPoint. Multimedia Presentation : A multimedia presentation uses a combination of text, audio, video, images, and animations to communicate information or tell a story. These are often used in business, education, and entertainment. Multimedia Conferencing : Multimedia conferencing enables real-time communication between participants in different locations using audio, video, and data. Examples include Zoom, Microsoft Teams, and Google Meet. Question #5 a) What are the important characteristics of a programming language? Syntax : The set of rules defining how to write programs in that language. Semantics : The meaning of the constructs in the programming language. Portability : The ability to use the language across different hardware and operating systems. Efficiency : How well the language utilizes system resources (CPU, memory). Readability : The ease with which code can be read and understood by others. b) What are the important parameters that influence the selection of a programming language? Project Requirements : Some languages are better suited for certain tasks (e.g., Python for data science). Performance : Languages like C++ are preferred for high-performance applications. Platform : Some languages work better on specific platforms (e.g., Swift for iOS development). Developer Skill Set : The availability of skilled developers in a particular language. Community Support : The availability of libraries, frameworks, and a strong developer community can influence the choice of language (e.g., JavaScript for web development).