Plant mediated synthesis of magnetic nanoparticles for water.pptx

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1. Plant Mediated Synthesis of Magnetic Nanoparticles for Water Purification: A Sustainable Approach Presented By Vaishali B Gokul D Madhumitha S Sulokshana S Abinesh R Under The Guidance Mrs Kalpana V P,AP/ Chem Engg HINDUSTHAN COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY - COIMBATORE

2. TABLE OF CONTENTS Objective Introduction Materials and methods Result and discussion

3. OBJECTIVE Synthesis methods and applications of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) are reviewed. •Synthesis method is important for target specific remediation. •Biologically synthesized nanoparticles are better suited for wastewater remediation. •Green MNPs are cost-effective, target specific, and provide reusability/recyclability. •MNPs efficiently remove various organic and inorganic contaminants from wastewater.

4. INTRODUCTION The sustainable growth of any society is in direct proportion with developing novel methods and technologies for the management of its environmental quality. The use of  Magnetic Nanoparticles  (MNPs) has emerged as an efficient tool for remediation of wastewater owing to its intrinsic qualities including size, surface effect, quantum effect, etc. These intrinsic properties of MNPs have diversified their application in managing the qualitative stress on water resources. The present review aims to assess the use of MNPs in removing organic and inorganic contaminants from wastewater. Insights into various synthesis methods and their effects on contaminant removal are also presented It is reported that MNPs provide target specificity and cost-effectiveness as compared to conventional treatment methods .

5. THEORY T he biological synthesis of MNPs is proven to be eco-friendly and aids in sustainable development. Nearly 100% removal of various types of contaminants such as pharmaceuticals and  personal care products , dyes, pesticides, heavy metals, etc. can be achieved through MNPs. Some MNPs have shown a magnetic saturation reaching up to 70 emu/g, and recycling up to 5 cycles with ¿95% removal efficiency. High pollutant removal efficiency (¿98%) can also be achieved in a short time (within 5 min) by MNPs. It is noteworthy that, nanosorption along with the  redox reactions  are the most frequently used and efficient mechanisms of contaminant removal from wastewater samples.

6. MATERIALS AND METHODS

7. Physical methods of synthesis Mechanical milling Electron beam lithography Gas-phase deposition Vapour deposition and patterning Electrical explosion of wires

8. Chemical methods of synthesis Spray pyrolysis Laser pyrolysis Co-precipitation Thermal decomposition Microemulsion Hydrothermal/ solvothermal method Sol-gel method Polyol method

9. HERE ARE THE METHODS

10. Recent applications of MNPs in wastewater treatment 1 . Heavy metal removal : MNPs have been used to remove heavy metals such as Pb , Cd, and Hg from wastewater . 2 . Organic pollutant removal: MNPs have been used to remove organic pollutants such as dyes, pesticides, and pharmaceuticals from wastewater . 3 . Inorganic pollutant removal: MNPs have been used to remove inorganic pollutants such as nitrate, phosphate, and sulfate from wastewater . 4 . Bacterial removal : MNPs have been used to remove bacteria such as E. coli and Salmonella from wastewater . 5. Viral removal : MNPs have been used to remove viruses such as Rotavirus and Norovirus from wastewater . 6 . Fungal removal: MNPs have been used to remove fungi such as Aspergillus and Candida from wastewater.

11. CONCLUSION Several studies have been published concerning the utilization of MNPs for wastewater treatment and contaminant removal/degradation. The literature present in this review paper demonstrated that various types of organic and inorganic pollutants can be successfully removed from wastewater using MNPs . These methods have been proven to be cost-effective, highly efficient and provide rapid results, as studies have reported that >95% removal efficiency can be achieved within 5 min. However , it is worth noting that the removal efficiencies increased in case of magnetic nanocomposites as compared to other types of MNPs. Moreover, photocatalytic degradation, adsorption and transformation through redox reactions have been the most successful mechanisms for the contaminant removal and offers better sustainability. It has been found that various MNPs have very high magnetic saturation which reaches up to 70 emu/g.

12. RESULT Results also suggested that removal efficiency is not affected even up to recycling for 5 cycles retaining >95% removal efficiency. It can also be concluded that the use of MNPs, especially for biosynthesized MNPs, is more cost-efficient as compared to most of the traditionally used methods such as activated carbon,  activated sludge process , membrane filtration etc in case of wastewater treatment . However, more studies on economics and toxicity of using magnetic nanomaterials for wastewater treatment must be conducted.