Plant_Movement_Presentation_(growth and stress physiology)

Plant movement and growth

1. Plant Movement Understanding How Plants Respond to Stimuli By: Ranjana Course: M.Sc. Biotechnology, Semester I University: SoS in Biotechnology, SMKV Bastar University, Jagdalpur

2. Introduction Plants are stationary but can move in response to stimuli. Movement helps in survival, reproduction, and growth. Studied under plant physiology and tropism/nastic movements.

3. Definition Plant Movement: Any change in position or growth direction in response to internal or external stimuli. Can be temporary (movement of leaves/flowers) or permanent (growth towards light/gravity).

4. Importance of Plant Movement 1. Helps in finding light (phototropism). 2. Aids water and nutrient acquisition (hydrotropism). 3. Protects from harm (thigmonasty, folding leaves). 4. Assists in reproduction (flower opening/closing).

5. Types of Plant Movement 1. Tropic Movements – Directional growth response. 2. Nastic Movements – Non-directional response. 3. Growth Movements – Permanent movements by growth. 4. Sensitive Movements – Quick responses to touch or stimuli.

6. Tropic Movements Directional growth towards/away from stimulus. Types: - Phototropism – towards light. - Geotropism/Gravitropism – in response to gravity. - Hydrotropism – towards water. - Thigmotropism – in response to touch.

7. Examples of Tropism Phototropism: Sunflower bending towards sunlight. Geotropism: Roots growing downward. Hydrotropism: Roots growing towards moisture. Thigmotropism: Tendrils of climbers wrapping around support.

8. Nastic Movements Non-directional response to stimuli. Movement depends on turgor changes or growth. Types: - Photonasty – response to light. - Thermonasty – response to temperature. - Thigmonasty – response to touch.

9. Examples of Nastic Movements Photonasty: Opening/closing of flowers. Thermonasty: Tulip flowers opening in warmth. Thigmonasty: Mimosa pudica leaf folding.

10. Growth Movements Permanent movements due to differential cell growth. Includes circumnutation (swaying motion of shoot tips) and epinasty/hyponasty (leaf bending).

11. Sensitive Movements Rapid response to touch or stimuli. Example: Mimosa pudica (touch-me-not plant). Venus flytrap closes leaves quickly to trap insects.

12. Mechanism of Plant Movement Driven by: - Turgor pressure changes - Differential growth - Hormones (Auxin for tropism) Stimuli sensed by cells or tissues, response executed via movement or growth.

13. Factors Affecting Plant Movement Light intensity and direction. Gravity. Water availability. Touch/mechanical stimulation. Temperature changes.

14. Applications / Importance Agriculture: Understanding tropism improves crop orientation. Horticulture: Flower opening/closing knowledge aids cultivation. Pest control: Mimosa-like movements inspire bio-inspired designs. Botany research: Studying plant responses to environment.

15. Conclusion Plant movements are essential for survival, growth, and reproduction. Involve tropic, nastic, and sensitive movements. Controlled by environmental stimuli and internal mechanisms. Key concept in plant physiology and agricultural improvement.