PLC- PROGRAMMABLE LOGIC CONTROLLER-PLC LOGIC

PROGRAMMABLE LOGIC CONTROLLER

1. INTRODUCTION TO REAL TIME APPLICATION OF PLC

2. . INTRODUCTION TO PLCS PLC is an industrial computer designed for multiple inputs and output arrangements . It is capable of storing the instructions to implement control functions such as sequencing ,timing counting arithmetic ,data manipulation and communication.

3. The evolution of PLC technology has revolutionized industrial automation. From simple relay-based systems to advanced microprocessor-controlled units , PLCs have become indispensable in controlling complex industrial processes. EVOLUTION OF PLC TECHNOLOGY

4. COMPONENTS OF A PLC

5. COMPONENTS OF A PLC POWER SUPPLY Provides the voltage needed to run the primary PLC components. I/O MODULES Provides signal conversion and isolation between the internal logic-level signals inside the PLC and the field’s high level signal . PROCESSOR Provides intelligence to command and govern the activities of the entire PLC systems . PROGRAMMING DEVICE Used to enter the desired program that will determine the sequence of operation and control of process equipment or driven machine.

6. PLC PROGRAMMING LANGUAGES PLCs can be programmed using various languages such as ladder logic, function block diagrams, and structured text. Each language o v ers unique advantages in expressing control logic and is suited for di fferent applications.

7. PLC PROGRAMMING LANGUAGES LADDER LOGIC Ladder logic is a programming language . Ladder Logic used to develop software for PLC used for control applications in Industry.

8. PLC COMMUNICATION PROTOCOLS Interface Standards and Devices Two interface standards and one interface device are mentioned below : USB: USB , or Universal Serial Bus, is an interface standard. It is used for point-to-point connections for a wide variety of purposes, such as between a mouse or printer and a computer. USB 3.0 allows communications at up to 5 GiGa bytes per second (Gbps) . USB 4.0 supports 40 Gbps communications. USB has replaced the much older and slower RS-232 interface, which was used on legacy computers. RS-485 : RS-485 is an interface standard for data communications that allows data transmission speeds of up to 1 megabit per second (1 Mbps ) on a 100 meter cable. Data communications speed varies inversely with the total length of an RS-485 cable .

9. P L C s a r e w i d e l y u s e d i n v a r i o u s i n d u s t r i e s i n c l u d i n g m a n u f a c t u r i n g , a u t o m o t iv e , e n e r g y , a n d p h a r m a c e u t i c a l s . T h e y c o n t r o l p r o c e ss e s s u c h a s a ss e m b l y l i n e s , robotic operations, material handling, a n d q u a l i t y c o n t r o l . Few examples of industries where PLCs are used : 1)Robots manufacturing and control 2)Car park control 3 )Train control station system 4)Food processing 5)Materials handling 6)Machine tools 7)Conveyer system etc PLC APPLICATIONS

10. ADVANTAGES OF PLCS Reliability . Flexibility in programming and reprogramming. Cost effective for controlling complex systems. Small physical size. High speed of operation. Ease of maintenance /troubleshooting . Reduced space . Energy saving.

11. DISADVANTAGE OF PLC PLC devices are proprietary it means that part or software of one manufacturer can’t be used in combination with parts of another manufacturer . Limited design and cost option . Fixed Circuit Operations . PLCs manufacturers offer only closed architectures.

12. Basic PLC Program Which we would be Doing.

13. CASE STUDIES

14. BEST PRACTICES IN PLC IMPLEMENTATION Adopting best practices in PLC implementation, including thorough testing, documentation, and training, is essential to ensure the successful integration and operation of PLCs in industrial environments.

15. CONCLUSION In conclusion, PLCs play a pivotal role in modern industrial automation, o ering unparalleled control capabilities and driving operational e ciency. As industries continue to evolve, PLC technology will remain at the forefront of innovative solutions for complex control and monitoring tasks.