PLEIOTROPY

EXAMLES OF PLEIOTROPY

1. PRESENTION TOPIC: PLEIOTROPY NAME HAFIZ MUHAMMAD WASEEM ROLL NO. MCF-1901171 SEMESTER 3rd(E) DEPARTMENT ZOOLOGY SUBJECT GENETICS PRESENTED TO MAM SAJIDA NASEEM PRESENTED DATE 21-12-2020

2. CONTENTS DEFINATION HISTORY EXAMPLE OF PLEIOTROPY PHENYLEALKAPTANORIA OR PKU THE FRIZZELED FEATHER TRAIT SICKEL CELL VESTIGIAL GENE IN FRUIT FLIES DEAFNESS AND PEGMENTATION IN CATE MARFAN SYNDROME REFRENCES

3. DEFINATION “ One  gene  controls for the expression of multiple phenotypic traits”. It was published in 1910 by ludwing plate . Old concept One gene ---------one trait(product) But in present One gene------------ more then one trait Gene controle more then one trait is called pleiotropic gene. Effect of gene is called pleiotropic effect. Phenomena is called pleiotropy .

4. EXAMPLES OF PLEIOTROPY Phenyleketoneurea or pku 1. Phenylketonuria also called PKU, is a rare inherited disorder that causes an amino acid called phenylalanine to build up in the body. An enzyme needed to break down phenylalanine. Without the enzyme necessary to process phenylalanine, a dangerous buildup can develop A person with PKU eats foods that contain protein or eats aspartame, an artificial sweetener. Tyrosine-------melanin(albumin) skin pigmentation and hair Mental retardation

5. 2. THE FRIZZELED FEATHER TRAIT KRT75 gene is responcible

6. 3. SICKLE CELL ANEMIA

7. MECHANISMS

8. CROSS BETWEEN TWO SICKEL CELL CARRIER

9. 4. THE VESTIGIAL GENE IN FRUIT FLIES

10. 5. DEAFNESS AND PEGMENTATION IN CATES

11. conclusion Today we come to the conclusion that Mendel’s observations were based on the result of  pleiotropy  which is the phenomenon wherein an individual gene plays its role in multiple phenotypic traits. Here, the gene of seed coat colour was not the only one responsible for its colour but also for the axil pigmentation and flower.

12. REFERENCES 1.”Pleiotropy and lethal alleles”. (2018). Khanacademy.org. 2. Muskopf , S. (2020). “Genetics- Lop Ears”. Biologycorner.com, 2020. 3. Rajaratnam , R., Sunquist , M., Rajaratnam , L. and Ambu , L. (2007). “Diet and habitat selection of the leopard cat ( Prionailurus bengalensis borneoensis ) in an agricultural landscape in Sabah, Malaysian Borneo”. 23,2: 209-217, 2007. 4. Ramirez, F. and De Backer, J. ( 2019). “ Marfan Syndrome”. Human Pathobiochemistry : Springer. pp. 241-254. 5. Bailey, R. (2019). “What is Pleiotropy ? Definition and Examples”. Thoughtco.com   Brooker , R. J. (2017). Genetics: Analysis and Principles. McGraw-Hill Higher Education, New York,  

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