Plumbing and sanitation work items used in building construction

Plumbing and sanitation work items used in building construction

1. PLUMBING AND SANITATION WORK ITEMS USED IN
BUILDING CONSTRUCTION

How do plumbers work?

A house sanitation cannot be complete without plumbing and sanitary
arrangements. Regular and adequate supply of water and an efficient
system for the disposal of the waste is a must for every
residential Plumbing and sanitary system is necessary for every housing
project, big or small.

Proper planning and designing of the plumbing and sanitary
system serves the hygienic requirements of it's occupants.
Plumbing and sanitation is, therefore, an important branch
of building technology. Approximately, 8% of the
total building. construction cost of. the building is devoted
to plumbing and sanitation works.




In this chapter, we will study the planning of plumbing and
sanitation works, basic norms for designing these systems,
necessity and use of plumbing drawings, requirements of
plumbing work agency, tools required, specifications of various
materials, role of plumbing consultant etc. We will also deal
with water supply system, drainage system, mode
of measurements, usage and maintenance of
plumbing and drainage work.

2. Since plumbing and sanitation work plays an important role in
the construction of a building, the basic requirement, therefore,
is the maintenance and designing of a complaint-free plumbing
system.
Standard plumbing and sanitary material is easily available in
the market and satisfies the 1.S. requirements. But a good
building cannot be constructed with quality materials alone. It
also requires quality workmanship. Hence, stress is laid on the
quality of workmanship, practical checks and supervision for
getting the best out of the skilled unskilled labour, in co-
ordination with other working agencies at a lesser cost,

BASIC REQUIREMENTS OF PLANNING

The type of plumbing systems used for drainage are

Single stack or double stack system.

Types and specifications of material being used, e.g., whether
C.I. or P.V.C. pipes for drainage and whether C.I./P.V.C./A.C.
pipes
for storm water stacks.

Provisions of under ground tanks/over head tanks with their
prescribed capacities.

Separate pumping system for supplying municipal drinking
water to the kitchen directly.

Necessity of fire fighting systems based on statutory provisions.

3. Select the water source to be used.

Is sufficient municipal drinking water available?

Is there any other source of water on site, e.g. open well, tube
well etc.?

Is the available water potable? If not, can it be made potable
with some treatment methods?

Finalize the sewage disposal system.

Is the municipal sewer line available for the project? At what
invert level?

Is the septic tank required? Decide on the location for the septic
tank.

Engage a consultant for 'plumbing and sanitation works' to
prepare the drawings and details, in advance. This should be
done at the beginning of the project.


Finalize the agency for the plumbing work.

BASICS OF PLUMBING SYSTEM

 The plumbing system includes.

4.  Water supply.
 Soil pipes and fixtures.
 Sanitary drainage system, to carry the waste water from the
plumbing fixtures to the public or private disposal system.
 Storm water drainage system to collect and carry rain
water.
 Fire fighting systems for high rise buildings as per the
statutory provísions. (All buildings may not need this)


PRINCIPLES AND NORMS FOR PLUMBING AND
SANITATION WORK

(1) WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM

Adequate quantity of clean and potable water for drinking
purpose should be supplied. Water from other sources should
also be made available for daily use, for twenty four hours
efficient flushing.

Proper pumping systems with adequate stand by arrangements
should be made.

5. Water should be supplied with the required pressure, up to
O.H.W.T. (Over Head Water Tank) and then to the individual
residential units with the minimum prescribed pressure.

The system should invoke minimum maintenance.

(2) PLUMBING FIXTURES AND PIPES

The plumbing fixtures should be -

Smooth finished for an uninterrupted flow.

Located in well ventilated enclosures/ducts.

Easily accessible for the intended use and repairs.

6. Able to withstand designed pressure.

Connected to a drainage system with water seal traps.

Tested for leakages, defects etc.

The plumbing pipes should be-

Made of durable material and connected by suitable and
satisfactory joints of good workmanship, for satisfactory
service during it's reasonable life expectancy.

Easily accessible for inspection, working and repairs.

Made rodent proof (e.g., rat, mouse, squirrel etc.).

Tested for leakages, defects etc.

(3) SANITARY AND DRAINAGE SYSTEMS
Read More Information Click Here