Pomology, Horticulture Plant Sciences.pptx

Pomology is the study of fruits.

1. POMOLOGY

2. definition of pomology

3. pomology It focuses on the cultivation production and study of fruit bearing plants such as trees, shrubs and vines. Pomologists work to improve fruit quality develop new varieties and address issues related to fruit production and storage.

4. FRUIT A fruit may be defined as an edible fleshy portion of perennial woody or herbaceous plant whose development is closely related to the flower. From botanical point of view a fruit includes a matured and ripened ovary which is ovule-bearing reproductive structure in plant flower. From horticultural point of view a fruit is an expanded and ripened ovary with attached and subtending reproductive structures.

5. ORCHARD the place where we grow fruit is called orchard. Groves Place where we grow citruses and commercial production of citruses are called citriculture . Vine yard Place where we grow grapes and the commercial production of grapes are called viticulture.

6. Classification of fruit

7. On the basis of climatic requirements Tropical fruits: These are defined as fruits that are grown in hot and humid regions. i.e. mango Temperate fruits: Fruits borne on the trees growing in temperate climates( such as apple, pear, peach, plum, grape and strawberry) are adapted to climates in middle latitudes and known as temperate fruits. i.e. apple

8. Principles of pomology 1-plant selection: Choosing the right fruit species and cultivars is crucial. Consider factors like climate, soil-type and market demand. 2-Site selection and preparation: Selecting an appropriate location and preparing the soil with the right nutrients and drainage is essential for healthy fruit trees. 3-Propagation: Learning about various propagation methods like grafting, budding and seed propagation is important for establishing fruit orchard. 4-Pruning: pruning helps control tree size, shape and fruit production. Proper pruning techniques are essential for maximizing fruit yield and fruit quality.

9. Principles of pomology 5-Disease and pest Management: Understanding the common diseases and pests affecting fruit trees and implementing preventive and control measures is vital for successful orchard. 6-Fertilization: Providing the right nutrients to fruit trees at the appropriate times in their growth cycle is essential for optimal fruit production. 7-Pollination: Many fruit trees require pollinators for fruit set. Understanding the pollination needs of different fruit species and attracting pollinators is important. 8-Irrigation: Proper irrigation practices ensure that fruit trees receive adequate water especially during critical growth stages.

10. Principles of Pomology 9-Harvesting: Knowing the right time to harvest fruit is essential for quality and flavor. Different fruits have different indicators of ripening. 10-Storage and Post-Harvest Management: Understanding how to store and handle harvested fruit to extend shelf life and maintain quality is important especially for commercial growers. 11-Marketing and Sales : For commercial fruit growers, marketing strategies and distribution channels and play a significant role in the success of their fruit business.

11. Problems of fruit growing in pakistan Lack of improved variety Export problem Late blooming Problem of bank loan Ignorance of fruit growing technologies. poverty Lack of better road transport. Lack of irrigation facilities. Insects and diseases. Harvesting problems. Storage problems Extension problems and research

12. How to increase fruit production Commercial cultivation in high lands Develop irrigated facilities Proper training of extension agents and farmers Develop proper marketing facilities Establishment of processing facilities Encouraging exports Organized farming system Increase research and extension efforts.