Power point presentation Air-Pollution edited.pptx

Power point presentation on Air pollution

1. Air Pollution Air pollution is a severe global issue. It affects human health and the environment. This presentation explores its various aspects.

2. Presentation is created by: Agrim Sangal Ritesh Siddarth Naman Devang Yogesh

3. Acknowledgement I would like to express my sincere gratitude to Prof. Nidhi Rawat , for their guidance, encouragement, and support in completing this assignment. Their valuable insights and suggestions were instrumental in shaping the final outcome. I am also thankful to my classmates (or colleagues) for their constructive feedback and collaboration throughout this project. Their input helped refine my work and made it more comprehensive. I would like to acknowledge the resources and facilities provided by Doon Business School (DBS), which greatly assisted in the research and development of this assignment. Finally, I wish to express my deep appreciation to my family and friends for their unwavering support and encouragement throughout this process.

4. Table of contents Introduction Types of air pollutants Global data on air pollution by WHO Statistics of most air polluted cities Trend of air pollution Global comparison of air pollution Health impacts of Air pollution by WHO Air quality monitoring systems Government regulations Government policies Technological innovations and solutions Impact of air pollution on climate Public awareness and behavioral changes

5. Introduction Air pollution is contamination of the indoor or outdoor environment by any chemical, physical or biological agent that modifies the natural characteristics of the atmosphere. Household combustion devices, motor vehicles, industrial facilities and forest fires are common sources of air pollution. Pollutants of major public health concern include particulate matter, carbon monoxide, ozone, nitrogen dioxide and sulfur dioxide. Outdoor and indoor air pollution cause respiratory and other diseases and are important sources of morbidity and mortality. WHO data show that almost all of the global population (99%) breathe air that exceeds WHO guideline limits and contains high levels of pollutants, with low- and middle-income countries suffering from the highest exposures.

6. Types of Air Pollutants 1 Particulate Matter Tiny particles that can penetrate deep into lungs. 2 Ozone A major component of smog, damaging to respiratory systems. 3 Nitrogen Oxides Contribute to acid rain and respiratory problems. 4 Sulfur Dioxide Causes respiratory irritation and acid rain.

7. Global Air Pollution Data WHO Data Provides comprehensive global air quality assessments. Air Quality Index (AQI) A standardized measure of air quality. Provides public information. Regional Variations Air pollution levels vary significantly across regions.

8. Most Polluted Cities

9. Trend of Air Pollution Historical data trends show that air pollution levels have changed significantly over time. In the United States, data from the US EPA shows that air quality levels have largely improved as compared to their levels decades ago. However, this pattern of decreasing pollution levels has not been observed worldwide.

10. Global Air Quality Comparison

11. Health Impacts of Air Pollution Around 2.3 billion people worldwide (around a third of the global population) cook using open fires or inefficient stoves fueled by kerosene, biomass (wood, animal dung and crop waste) and coal, which generates harmful household air pollution. Household air pollution was responsible for an estimated 3.2 million deaths per year in 2020, including over 237 000 deaths of children under the age of 5. The combined effects of ambient air pollution and household air pollution are associated with 6.7 million premature deaths annually. Household air pollution exposure leads to noncommunicable diseases including stroke, ischaemic heart disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and lung cancer. Women and children, typically responsible for household chores such as cooking collecting firewood, bear the greatest health burden from the use of polluting fuels and technologies in homes. -Who

12. Air Quality Monitoring Systems Sensors Detect pollutants in real time. Data Transmission Wireless or wired networks. Data Analysis Interpretation and visualization.

13. Government Regulations Governments regulate air pollution through laws and programs that aim to prevent, control, and reduce air pollution. Some examples of these regulations include: The Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981 This act was enacted in India to prevent, control, and reduce air pollution. The Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) is responsible for enforcing the act. The National Clean Air Programme (NCAP) This program was introduced in 2019 to reduce particulate matter (PM) pollution in at least 102 cities by 2024. The Clean Air Act This act in the US addresses emissions of hazardous air pollutants. It requires the EPA to establish emission standards for major sources, which are sources that emit or have the potential to emit 10 tons per year or more of a hazardous air pollutant. Nuisance suits These suits can result in court orders that force a facility to close or change its practices to reduce pollution.

14. Government Policies Governments around the world have implemented a variety of policies to reduce air pollution, including: National Clean Air Programme (NCAP) India's NCAP is a long-term strategy to reduce air pollution by 20–30% by 2024. The program identifies cities that are not meeting air quality standards and develops city-specific action plans to reduce emissions and increase public awareness. Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act India's Air Act was enacted in 1981 and amended in 1987 to prevent, control, and reduce air pollution. The act gives the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) the power to enforce the law. Commission of Air Quality Management India's Parliament approved a law in 2021 to establish a Commission of Air Quality Management in the National Capital Region and nearby areas. California Sustainable Freight Action Plan California's plan aims to reduce freight-related transportation emissions by using zero- or near-zero emissions equipment for freight transportation.

15. Technological Solutions Air quality monitoring Devices that measure air quality can help identify areas with high pollution levels, allowing authorities and individuals to take action. Air quality maps can also help people visualize pollution levels in different areas. Electric vehicles These vehicles produce significantly less air pollution than traditional cars, and are becoming more common in the automotive sector. Renewable energy Sources like solar, wind, and hydro power can help reduce air pollution and climate change by producing fewer greenhouse gas emissions. IoT-based air pollution monitoring systems These systems can monitor air quality, detect gas leaks, and save data on web servers. Regenerative thermal oxidizers These devices are used to destroy volatile organic compounds (VOCs), hazardous air pollutants (HAPs), and odor. Technological innovation Technological innovation can help reduce pollutant emissions by enhancing energy and resource efficiency.

16. Technological Innovations Renewable energy Solar, wind, and hydro power can help reduce pollution from traditional power plants. Electric vehicles These produce less air pollution than traditional cars, and emissions will decrease as the electricity grid becomes cleaner. Air quality sensors These devices measure air pollution levels and can help identify areas with high pollution levels. Air quality maps These provide a visual representation of pollution levels in different areas. Air purification technologies High-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filters, plasma ionization, and electrostatic air purifiers can help improve indoor air quality.

17. Impact on Climate Greenhouse gases Some types of air pollution contain greenhouse gases, like methane and black carbon, that trap the sun's heat and cause global warming. These pollutants are often called climate forcers. Ozone Ozone in the atmosphere warms the climate. Particulate matter (PM) Different components of PM can have either warming or cooling effects on the climate. For example, black carbon warms the Earth, while particulate sulfates cool it. Acid rain Some types of air pollution mix with water vapor to create acid rain, which can damage plants, trees, and animals. Acid rain can also erode stone statues and affect towns and cities. Wildfires Wildfires can increase air pollution levels, which can contribute to climate change. Air pollution and climate change are closely linked because they share many of the same sources, such as emissions from burning fossil fuels. Both are a threat to the environment and human health.

18. Public Awareness and Behavioral Changes Educate the public Communicating about air quality can help people understand the risks and take steps to mitigate them. This can be done through healthcare professionals, who are considered public health leaders. Encourage people to seek out information People can learn more about air pollution by actively seeking out information and educating themselves. For example, people can check their local air quality index daily. Provide personalized data Providing people with data that's relevant to them can help them change their behavior. Encourage participation Engaging people in the process of improving air quality can help them change their behavior. Promote precautionary actions Increasing awareness of air pollution can help people take precautionary actions to reduce their exposure to air pollutants. Encourage people to drive less People can help reduce air pollution by driving less, carpooling, bicycling, using public transportation, or walking.