Power Point Presentation Neutron Stars

presentation

1. Neutron Stars

2. Neutron Stars
•Discovery of neutron (1932)
•Neutron Star (1934)
–Landau (unpublished)
–Baade & Zwicky“With all reserve we advance the view that
supernovae represent the transitions from ordinary stars into
neutron stars, which in their final stages consist of extremely close
packed neutrons”
•Oppenheimer & Volkoff (1938)
•Recognition of the importance of accretion power
(Salpeter, …) in early sixties

3. References
•Padmanabhan (Volume 2)
•Shapiro Teukolsky
•Lattimer & Prakash Science (astroph/0405262)
–This is an excellent review
•Kaspi et al. (astroph/0402136)
–Good phenomenological review
•Kaplan 2004 PhD thesis
–For local flavour

4. Manifestations of NS

5. Manifestations of Neutron Stars
•Low Mass X-ray Binaries (Rocket Flt, Sco X-1)
•Pulsars (IPS Array, CP1919)
•High Mass X-ray Binaries (UHURU, Cen X-3?)
•Binary Pulsars (Arecibo, 1913+16)
•Soft gamma-ray repeater (Satellites, 5 March 1979)
•Millisecond Pulsars (Arecibo, 1937+214)
•Cluster Pulsars (Jodrell Bank, M28)
•Anomalous X-ray Pulsars (Einstein, 1E2259)
•Thermally emitting NS (ROSAT, RXJ 1856)
•Enigmatic source in Cas A (Chandra)

6. A Young Pulsar in G11.2-0.3

7. Of Crabs, Shells and Plerions

8. Pulsar P-Pdot Diagram

13. Nearby X-ray NS
•Cooling NS
•Middle-aged magnetars (decay of B field)
•Accreting from ISM (see Accretion lecture)

14. Magnetic Fields
Cyclotron Frequency omega = eB/mc
Electron cyclotron:
nu = 3 Hz B(micro Gauss)
Energy = 10 keV (B/10
12
) G
B
QED = 4x10
13
Gauss

15. Magnetic Fields
•Cyclotron lines in accreting pulsars (usually
confirmed by harmonics)
•Features in nearby X-ray bright NS
(confused state of affairs)
–Some are interpreted as proton cyclotron
–Features are broad in some cases
See review by Kaspi et al. [astroph/0402136]

17. Masses of Neutron Stars

18. Neutron Star Masses

20. Radius (Rotation) of NS

21. Coherent Oscillations from LMXBs

22. Maximum Spin Rate
642 Hz: Is this the limiting period?
•Neutron stars cannot be spun up (grav
radiation -> LIGO)
•Limiting period is fundamental to the
equation of state of dense matter

23. Radius of NS: constraints from spin period

24. Formation of NS

29. Do most SN produce NS?

30. Enigmatic Source in Cas A

31. What is in the center of SN 1987A?

32. Kaplan’s thesis: what is in the centers of shells?