powerpoint presentation about physical fitness

powerpoint presentation about physical fitness

1. sports injuries and first aid

2. what is sport injuries? The term “sports injury” refers to the kinds of injuries that most commonly occur during sports or exercise, but they are not limited to athletes.

3. Sports injuries are divided into two broad categories Acute injuries 2. Chronic injuries

4. Who Gets Sports Injuries? The risk factors for sports injuries include: -Not using the correct exercise techniques. -Overtraining, either by training too often, too frequently, or for too long. -Changing the intensity of physical activity too quickly. -Playing the same sport year-round. -Running or jumping on hard surfaces. -Wearing shoes that do not have enough support. -Not wearing the proper equipment. -Having had a prior injury. -Having certain anatomical features specific to each joint or poor flexibility.

5. Types of Musculoskeletal Injuries Dislocation. When the two bones that come together to form a joint become separated, the joint is described as dislocated. Contact sports such as football and basketball, as well as high-impact sports and sports that involve significant stretching or falling, cause most dislocations. A dislocated joint typically requires immediate medical treatment, but sometimes the bones move back into place on their own. A dislocation is a painful injury and is most common in shoulders, elbows, fingers, kneecap, and femur-tibia or knee.

6. Types of Musculoskeletal Injuries

7. Types of Musculoskeletal Injuries 2. Sprains are stretches or tears of ligaments, the bands of connective tissue that join the end of one bone with another. Sprains are caused by trauma such as a fall or blow that knocks a joint out of position. Sprains can range from first degree (minimally stretched ligament) to third degree (a complete tear). Areas of the body most vulnerable to sprains are ankles, knees, and wrists.

8. Types of Musculoskeletal Injuries

9. Types of Musculoskeletal Injuries A strain is a twist, pull, or tear of a muscle or tendon, a cord of tissue connecting muscle to bone. Athletes who play contact sports can get strains, but they can also happen from repeating the same motion again and again, as in tennis or golf. Like sprains, strains can range from a minor stretch to a partial or complete tear of a muscle or tendon. This is most common in muscles or tendons between two joints.

10. Types of Musculoskeletal Injuries

11. Types of Musculoskeletal Injuries 4. Knee injuries involve trauma to one or more tissues that make up the knee joint: ligaments, tendons, cartilage, bones and muscles . These types of injuries may happen due to a fall, forceful twisting of the knee or high impact from a motor vehicle accident or another force like doing sports activity.

12. Types of Musculoskeletal Injuries

13. Types of Musculoskeletal Injuries A fracture is a broken bone, the same as a crack or a break. A bone may be completely fractured or partially fractured in any number of ways (crosswise, lengthwise, in multiple pieces).

14. Types of Musculoskeletal Injuries Common types of fractures include: Stable fracture . The broken ends of the bone line up and are barely out of place. Open (compound) fracture . The skin may be pierced by the bone or by a blow that breaks the skin at the time of the fracture. The bone may or may not be visible in the wound. Transverse fracture . This type of fracture has a horizontal fracture line. Oblique fracture . This type of fracture has an angled pattern. Comminuted fracture . In this type of fracture, the bone shatters into three or more pieces.

15. Types of Musculoskeletal Injuries

16. First aid refers to medical attention that is usually administered immediately after the injury occurs and at the location where it occurred. First AID

17. Advise the casualty to stay still. Help them to support their dislocated joint in the most comfortable position. Offer simple pain relief such as Paracetamol, if they can take it. Do not try to put the dislocated bone back into its socket, as this may cause further injury. Stop the joint from moving. If you think they have dislocated their shoulder or elbow, support the injured arm using a sling . To give comfort and support, tie a broad-fold bandage (wide bandage) around the chest and the sling. If a hand or arm is injured, remove any watches in case of swelling. If you think they have dislocated their ankle, knee or hip joint, support the injured leg using padding and broad-fold bandages. With a lower limb joint, make sure they don't put any weight on it. First AID for dislocation

18. 3. Send the casualty to hospital. Call 999 or 112 for emergency help if you can’t take them yourself. 4. While waiting for help, treat for shock if necessary. Monitor their level of response. Do not raise an injured leg. Only raise the uninjured leg. 5. Check the circulation beyond any bandages every 10 minutes and loosen if necessary. First AID for dislocation

19. For immediate self-care of a sprain, try the R.I.C.E. approach — rest, ice, compression, elevation: Rest. Avoid activities that cause pain, swelling or discomfort. But don't avoid all physical activity. Ice. Even if you're seeking medical help, ice the area immediately. Use an ice pack or slush bath of ice and water for 15 to 20 minutes each time and repeat every two to three hours while you're awake for the first few days after the injury. First AID for sprain and strain

20. Compression. To help stop swelling, compress the area with an elastic bandage until the swelling stops. Don't wrap it too tightly or you may hinder circulation. Begin wrapping at the end farthest from your heart. Loosen the wrap if the pain increases, the area becomes numb or swelling is occurring below the wrapped area. Elevation. Elevate the injured area above the level of your heart, especially at night, which allows gravity to help reduce swelling. First AID for sprain and strain

21. Stop the bleeding if the fracture has a laceration of the skin by applying pressure on the wound using a sterile bandage or a clean piece of cloth. The affected area should not be moved; Because moving it can lead to severe complications, especially if the fracture is in the neck or spine. The affected area should be cooled by placing ice cubes with a clean cloth and then placed on the affected area in order to reduce swelling and pain. First AID for fracture

22. When the patient feels faint or is breathing short and rapid breaths, the injured person should be placed in a suitable position so that his head is slightly lower than the torso. If possible, his legs can be raised in order to overcome the symptoms of shock.​ Call an ambulance to request help and transfer the injured person to the emergency department to take the necessary measures, such as examinations and treatment. First AID for fracture