Powertrain_Control_system_of_Automobile.pptx

Powertrain_Control_system_of_Automobile.pptx

1. Powertrain Control system of Automobile B J Gosavi (D23M12) Presentation By: R M Dhimate (D23M53) Mohan Punde (D23M50) MENTOR: Mrs Medhavi Patil

2. In automotive engineering, the powertrain encompasses all the components that generate power and deliver it to the road surface. This includes the engine, transmission, drive shafts, differentials, and the final drive (such as drive wheels or continuous tracks). In electric vehicles, the powertrain consists of the battery, electric motor, and controller. The powertrain is responsible for converting energy into mechanical motion, enabling vehicle propulsion.

3. Introduction The Powertrain Control System (PCS) manages and optimizes the operation of the engine, transmission, and drivetrain. - Ensures fuel efficiency and performance - Controls emissions and diagnostics - Enhances driving experience with real-time adjustments

4. Key Components of PCS - Engine Control Unit (ECU) – Manages engine functions - Transmission Control Unit (TCU) – Controls gear shifting - Sensors – Throttle, oxygen, airflow, crankshaft, etc. - Actuators – Fuel injectors, ignition coils, valve timing

5. ECU The Engine Control Unit (ECU) is the brain of a vehicle’s powertrain system. - Controls engine operation for efficiency and performance - Regulates fuel injection, ignition timing, and emissions - Uses sensor data to optimize engine parameters in real-time

6. Components of ECU - Microprocessor – Processes data and executes commands - Memory (ROM, RAM, EEPROM) – Stores software and calibration data - Input Sensors – Collect engine and environmental data - Output Actuators – Control engine functions - Communication Interface – Connects with OBD-II and other vehicle systems

7. Functions of ECU - Controls fuel injection for optimal combustion - Manages ignition timing to improve efficiency - Regulates air-fuel ratio based on sensor input - Controls variable valve timing (VVT) for performance tuning - Monitors emissions and adjusts systems to meet regulations - Provides diagnostics and fault detection (OBD-II)

8. Sensors Used in ECU - Throttle Position Sensor (TPS) - Mass Airflow Sensor (MAF) - Oxygen Sensor (O2) - Crankshaft Position Sensor - Coolant Temperature Sensor - Knock Sensor - camshaft position sensor - Intake air temperature sensor - Vehicle speed sensor - Fuel pressure sensor - Barometric pressure sensor

9. Actuators Controlled by ECU - Fuel Injectors - Electronic Throttle Control (ETC) - Ignition Coils - EGR Valve - Variable Valve Timing Actuator - Turbocharger Waste gate Actuator - Ideal air control valve - Boost control valve - Cooling fan - Vibration damper - Fuel pump relay - Air conditioning compressor

10. TCU Overview • TCU manages the operation of the transmission. • Types of Transmission Systems: - Automatic Transmission (AT) - Continuously Variable Transmission (CVT) - Dual-Clutch Transmission (DCT) • Uses sensors and actuators to optimize gear shifting.

11. TCU Functions • Gear Shifting Control: - Determines the optimal time for shifting gears. - Shifts based on engine load, speed, and driving conditions. • Torque Management: - Adjusts the torque transferred between engine and wheels. • Adaptive Learning: - Learns driving behavior to improve shifting performance.

12. Key Components of TCU • Microprocessor/Processor: - Core unit that processes inputs and commands gear shifts. • Sensors: - Vehicle speed sensor, transmission fluid temperature, throttle position, etc. • Actuators: - Control solenoids, clutch actuators, etc., to perform shifting actions.

13. How TCU Works • The TCU receives input data from sensors (e.g., throttle position, vehicle speed). • It calculates the optimal gear based on the current driving condition. • Sends output signals to actuators to change gears. • Can adapt to various driving styles by learning over time. • Real-time Feedback: Continuously adjusts shifting to provide smooth and efficient driving.

14. Conclusion The Powertrain Control System is crucial for modern automobiles, ensuring efficiency, performance, and sustainability. With AI and electric vehicle integration, the future of PCS is smarter and more adaptive .

15. References: Internet