𝗖𝗹𝗮𝘀𝘀 - 𝟳 𝗜𝗖𝗧 𝗰𝗵𝗮𝗽𝘁𝗲𝗿 - 𝟭 𝘀𝗹𝗶𝗱𝗲.pptx

Class 7 ICT Chapter-1-Computer Network PPT

1. Subject - ICT. Chapter - 1. Chapter name - - Computer network. By sai krisna pradhan.

2. 1.1 introduction - Computer network - ★ computer network is used to share together data, information& resources is Known as computer network. Network connections between computers are typically two parts : 1. Wire - ★ Wire connections can be created using radio signals. ★ If you want to connect long distance, then it will be very costly. 2. Wireless - ★ wireless contains can be telephone lines or even, for long distance it is easy to Connect computers also using satellite links. Standalone computer - ★ A computer that is not connected to a single network is known as standalone Computer. ( )

3. Image of computer network -

4. ( 1.2 ) Advantages of computer network - Share data, information resources. Share hardware & software. Communication media. File integrity. Cost effective. Reliability. Flexibility. Backup. Security. ( 1.3 ) Evolution of network - ★ Network started in 1969 with the development of the first project called ARPANET, it is made by the U. S. ★ ARPANET - Advanced Research Project Agency Network. ★ NSFNET - National Science Foundation Network.

5. ( 1.4 ) Components of computer network - ( a )Client/workstation/node - ★ node is the normal computer system which is connected to network for sharing of resources. ( b) server - ★ It is a powerful computer. It helps in sharing of resources or information. ★ It controls all other nodes. Image of server -

6. 2. Network Interface Card ( NIC ) - ★ A network interface card is a device that is attached to each of the Workstations and the sever which helps to establish communication between the server and workstations. ★ The nic basically acts like an interpreter and is also known as TAP (Terminal Access Point). ★ The nic manufacture assigns a unique physical address to each nic card & this physical address is known as the MAC(Media Access Control). Image of NIC ( Network Interface Card ) -

7. 3. HUB / switch - ★ A networking hub / switch is a device that allows you to connect multiple computers to a single network device. Image of HUB/switch -

8. 4. Network operating system - ★ OS interface between computer user & computer hardware. ★ Example - novell netware, unix, linux, macos, ubantu, ios. 5. Transmission media - ★ A transmission medium is one which carries a signal from one computer to another. ★ It is also known as communication channel. ★ transmission medium can be wired or wireless. ★ we also name them as guided & unguided media respectively.

9. ( 1.5 ) Data communication - ★ Data communication is exchange of data between two or more computers with the help of communication medium is called data communication. Sender - ★ The device that transmits the data is known as sender. Reciever - ★ The device that recieves the transmitted data is known as receiver. Data communication must fulfill following three conditions : DAT - Delivery Accuracy Timelimit. Delivery - network should deliver the data at proper place. Accurcay - Data communication should be free from fault. Time limit - Data should reach destination with out any delay.

10. ( 1.5.1 ) Components of Data communication - Sender - ★ sender prepares information (data) and sends it. Receiver - ★ receiver receives the information. Medium - ★ It carries the information from sender to receiver Protocol - ★ There are rules under which data transmission takes place between sender and receiver. ( 1.5.2 ) Methods of Data transmission -

11. Image of methods of data transmission - simplex, half-duplex, full-duplex-

12. ( 1.6 ) communication channel - ★ communication data from one direction to another requires some from of pathway or medium is called communication channel. Image of communication channel -

13. ( 1.6.1 ) Guided media or wired technologies -

14. ( 1.6.2 ) Unguided media or wireless technolgies -

15. 1. Radio wave - ★ when two terminals communicate by using radio frequencies then such type of communication is known as radio wave. ★ This transmission is also known as Radio Frequency ( RF ) transmission. ★ radio wave has two parts : 1. Transmitter - ★ The device which transmit signals, are called as transmitter. 2. Receiver - ★ The device which received signals, are called receiver. 2. Microwave - ★ microwave is one of the fastest media for data transmission over communication channel. ★ They can be aimed at a single direction instead of broadcasting in all direction. ★ It is used in cellular network and television broadcasting. ★ It conmunicates by using electromagnetic waves having frequencies range from 0.3 to 300 GHZ.

16. 3. Satellite communication - ★ Satellite communication across longer distances can be provided by combining radio frequency transmission with satellites is called satellite communication. ★ It works over a long distance and fast communication. 4. Infrared wave - ★ Infrared waves are the high frequency waves used for short - range communication. ★ These waves don’t pass through the solid - objects. ★ They are mainly used in tv remote & wireless speakers. 5. Bluetooth - ★ Bluetooth is a wireless technology used for exchange data over short distances to create a Personal Area Network ( PAN ).

17. Topology - ★ The physical or logical arrangement of computer network is called topology. The various types of topology are (1 Point to point (2) Bus (3) Star (4) Ring (5) Mesh (6) Tree & 7 ) Hybrid topology.

18. Image of topology -

19. ( 1.7 ) Types of network - ★ There are several different types of computer networks. Computer networks can be characterized by their size as well as their purpose. ★ The size of a network can be expressed by the geographic area they occupy and tye number of computers that are part of the network. 1. PAN ( personal Area Network ) 2. LAN ( Local Area Network ) 3. MAN ( Metropolitan Area Network ) 4. WAN ( Wide Area Network )

20. Image of types of network -

21. ( 1.7.1 ) Personal Area Network - ★ A personal area network, or pan, is a computer network organized around an individual person within a single building. This could be inside a small office or residence. ★ Personal area network can be constructed with cabels or be wireless. Image of pan ( personal area network )-

22. ( 1.7.2 ) Local Area Network ( LAN ) - ★ A LAN is a network that is used for communicating among computers devices, usually within an office building or home. LAN’s enable the sharing of resources such as files or hardware devices that may be needed by multiple users. ★ It is first with speed from 10 Mbps to 10 Gpbs. It has lower cost compared to MAN’s or WAN ‘s. Image of LAN ( Local Area Network ) -

23. ( 1.7.3 ) Metropolitan Area Network ( MAN ) - ★ A MAN is optimized for a larger geographical area than a LAN, ranging from several blocks of building to entire cities. ★ A MAN might be owned and operated by a single organization, but it usually will be used by many individuals & organization. Image of Metropolitan Area Network ( MAN ) -

24. ( 1.7.4 ) Wide Area Network ( WAN ) - ★ WAN covers a large geographic area such as country, continent or even whole of the world. WAN can contain multiple smaller networks, such as LAN’s or MAN’s. ★ In this network telephone lines, satellite, microwave etc media are used. These transmission media are linked with Router. Router is a device which determines the route of information from sender to reciver. Image of Wide Area Network ( WAN ) -

25. KEY POINTS - NIC ( Network Interface Card ) - A nic is a device that is attached to each of the workstations. Standalone computer - A computer that is not connected to a single network is known as a standalone computer. Channel - A medium that is used in the transmission of a message from one place to another.

26. THANK YOU