PR2-Chapter-1-Nature-of-Inquiry-and-Research.pptx

Notes

1. NATURE OF INQUIRY AND RESEARCH

2. LEARNING COMPETENCIES At the end of the discussion, the learner should be able to: describe characteristics, strengths, weaknesses, and kinds of quantitative research illustrate the importance of quantitative research across fields differentiate kinds of research variables and their uses

3. INQUIRY vs RESEARCH Asking questions to investigate or examine something S ystematic inquiry to describe, explain, predict and control the observed phenomenon

4. RESEARCH ETYMOLOGY: “research” was coined from French word “ cerhier ” which means “seek”

5. RESEARCH a natural day-to-day activity of gathering information QUALITATIVE RESEARCH seeks to answer questions about why and how people behave in the way that they do. It provides in-depth information about human behaviour . QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH is “ explaining phenomena by collecting numerical data that are analysed using mathematically based methods (in particular statistics ). ”

6. Comprehension Check Determine whether INQUIRY or RESEARCH is applicable to the given situations. A person wants to know the occupant of one condominium. A student wants to know the medicinal effects of guava leaves. Mr. Cruz wants to know the technique to make his electric fan function instantly. Aling Rosa wants to know the reason behind the decrease of her sales for the day. Prof. Gomez wants to discover the impact of social networking on his students’ learning abilities.

7. LESSON I. QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH – CHARACTERISTICS, STRENGTH, WEAKNESSES and KINDS

8. DEFINITION OF QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH Quantitative research an objective, systematic empirical investigation of observable phenomena through the use of computational techniques concerned with numbers and its relationship with events suggests that the data concerned can be analyzed in terms of numbers

9. CHARACTERISTICS OF QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH

10. CHARACTERISTICS OF QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH

11. QUALITATIVE & QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH

12. QUALITATIVE & QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH

13. TURNING OPINIONS INTO NUMBERS

14. TURNING OPINIONS INTO NUMBERS

15. TURNING OPINIONS INTO NUMBERS

16. TURNING OPINIONS INTO NUMBERS

17. TURNING OPINIONS INTO NUMBERS

18. TURNING OPINIONS INTO NUMBERS

19. Comprehension Check Determine whether the following questions are QUALITATIVE or QUANTITATIVE. How many times per month do you purchase a coffee from a café or coffee shop? How often do you drink coffee at home? What do you like most about your favorite café or coffee shop? How could your favorite café or coffee shop improve? Do you prefer to prepare coffee at home or purchase from a café or coffee shop ?

20. GROUP WORK Formulate quantitative research questions about the following topics: Food at the school canteen Philippine transportation system Communication media Social networking sites After school

21. STRENGTHS: It is objective. It facilitates analysis and allows you to comprehend a huge amount of vital characteristics of data. The numerical data can be analyzed in a quick and easy way. Quantitative research design is the most reliable and valid way of concluding results. Quantitative studies are replicable . Quantitative experiments are useful for testing the results gained by a series of qualitative experiments . QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH

22. WEAKNESSES: It requires a large number of respondents. It is costly. The information and contextual factors to help interpret the results or to explain variations are usually ignored. QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH Many information are difficult to gather using structured research instruments. If not done seriously and correctly, data from questionnaires may be incomplete and inaccurate.

23. KINDS OF QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH DESIGN

24. KINDS OF QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH DESIGN t reats or deals with the subject in a definite or exact manner d etermines the causes and extent of the effects of the treatment on the subject allows the researcher to distinguish placebo effects from treatment effects

25. KINDS OF QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH DESIGN r esearch design with least internal validity follow basic experimental steps but fail to include a control group a single group is often studied

26. KINDS OF QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH DESIGN the researcher can collect more data, either by scheduling more observations or finding more existing measures involves selecting groups without any random pre-selection processes

27. KINDS OF QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH DESIGN employs both a control group and a means to measure the change that occurs in both groups two or more differently treated groups ; and random assignment to these groups offers the highest internal validity of all the designs

28. GROUP WORK Give a real-life example of where the research designs are applied.

29. KINDS OF QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH DESIGN also called DESCRIPTIVE RESEARCH DESIGN researcher observes the phenomena as they occur naturally and no external variables are introduced the variables are not deliberately manipulated nor is the setting controlled researcher collects data without making changes or introducing treatments

30. KINDS OF QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH DESIGN used to gather information from groups of people by selecting and studying samples chosen from a population

31. KINDS OF QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH DESIGN conducted by researchers to find out the direction, associations and/or relationship between different variables or groups of respondents under study

32. KINDS OF QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH DESIGN also called causal-comparative derives conclusion from observations and manifestations that already occurred in the past and now compared to some dependent variables

33. KINDS OF QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH DESIGN involves comparing and contrasting two or more samples of study subjects on one or more variables, often at a single point of time

34. KINDS OF QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH DESIGN used to determine what has happened during a given activity or in an institution t he purpose is to see if a given program is working, an institution is successful according to the goals set for it, or the original intent was successfully attained

35. KINDS OF QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH DESIGN the implementation of a variety of methodologies forms a critical part of achieving the goal of developing a scale-matched approach, where data from different disciplines can be integrated

36. GROUP WORK Give a real-life example of where each non-experimental research design is applied.

37. Descriptive Research Correlational Research Evaluation Research Survey Research Causal-Comparative Research Experimental Research KINDS OF QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH DESIGN

38. IMPORTANCE OF QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH: Teaching Profession 1 Accounting Business Management 2 Science Technology Engineering Mathematics 3 Humanities Social Sciences 4

39. VARIABLES IN RESEARCH characteristics that has two or more mutually exclusive values or properties “vary” or “can change” something that can take more than one value, and values can be words or numbers attribute of an individual or an organization that can be measured or observed

40. KINDS OF VARIABLES

41. A study is on the relationship of study habits and academic performance of VNHS senior high school students. KINDS OF VARIABLES

42. TYPES OF VARIABLES m easurement where the difference between two variables does have meaning has a clear definition of zero, indication that there is none of that variable

43. TYPES OF VARIABLES c an have two or more categories but with no quantitative value has two or more variables that can be ranked

44. KINDS OF VARIABLES Example : Even if farm production is good, if the attitude towards payment is negative, loan repayment would be low, whereas, if the attitude towards repayment is positive or favorable, loan repayment would be high.

45. KINDS OF VARIABLES

46. Identify the types of variables in the table below: Comprehension Check

47. GROUP WORK Give 5 examples of each type of variable. Interval Ratio Nominal Ordinal Control Confounding

48. Seatwork No. 1 It is conducted by researchers whose aim would be to find out the direction, associations and/or relationship between different variables or groups of respondents under study. It suggests that the data concerned can be analyzed in terms of numbers. It refers to the overall strategy that you choose in order to integrate the different components of the study in a coherent and logical way, thereby ensuring you will effectively address the research problem

49. Seatwork No. 1 This kind of research derives conclusion from observations and manifestations that already occurred in the past and now compared to some dependent variables. In this design, the researcher can collect more data, either by scheduling more observations or finding more existing measures. It is a characteristic of quantitative research where it seeks accurate measurement and analysis of target concepts.

50. Seatwork No. 1 7. It controls for both time-related and group-related threats. Two features mark true experiments: two or more differently treated groups; and random assignment to these groups. 8-10. Enumerate 3 characteristics of quantitative research.