practictical research one qualitative research

Quali

1. PRACTICAL RESEARCH 1 QUALITATIVE RESEARCH

2. ARE YOU READY TO ANSWER YOUR  OWN QUESTION S IN LIFE?

3. Junko Furuta

4. NATURE OF INQUIRY AND RESEARCH INQUIRY ● Defined as  “a seeking for truth, information or knowledge.” ● The information is sought through questioning.

5.   INQUIRY The exploratory  nature of inquiry allows individuals particularly students to grapple ● with different ways of looking at ideas and issues ● and to think creatively about problems that do not possess simple answer.

6. THE WORD RESEARCH  IS DERIVED FROM THE OLD FRENCH WORD CERCHIER , WHICH MEANS TO “ SEEK OR SEARCH .” “ SEARCH ” MEANING TO INVESTIGATE. THE PREFIX “RE” MEANS “AGAIN” AND SIGNIFIES OF THE SEARCH. LITERALLY, RESEARCH MEANS TO “INVESTIGATE AGAIN”. WHAT IS RESEARCH?

7. Is defined as  careful, systematic study in the field of knowledge, undertaken to discover or establish facts or principles (Webster, 1984). Defined as a scientific investigation of phenomena which includes collection, analysis and interpretation of facts ( Calmorin , 2004). WHAT IS RESEARCH?

8. Collection of data  in a rigorously controlled situation for the purpose of prediction or explanation; a more formal, systematic and intensive process of carrying on a scientific method of analysis. WHAT IS RESEARCH? Research is the systematic investigation and study of materials and sources to establish facts and reach new conclusions (Walker, 2010).

9.   Thomas Edison was  probably the greatest inventor in American History, When he attended school, His teachers complained that he was “too slow” and hard to handle. At the age of 10 he had already set up first chemistry laboratory, Edison’s inexhaustible energy and genius (1 percent inspiration and 99 percent perspiration)

10. When Tomas Edison  invented the light bulb, he tried 2,000 experiments before he got it to work. A young reporter asked him how it felt to have invented the light bulb. It just happened to be a 2,000 step process.

11. Synthesis: • Research is  an action (verb) • It is both physical and mental activity • Everybody commits mistakes, failed but its ok. • Be a novice (neophyte) first, then eventually become an expert (professional)

12.   Characteristics of Qualitative Research 1.  Concern for context and meaning • Human experience 2. Naturally occurring settings • Behavior as it happens naturally in a school, classroom, community or organization 3. Humans as Instruments • Only human being can do the field work methods

13.   Characteristics of Qualitative Research 4.  Descriptive Data • Data used are in the form of words or pictures or other visuals rather than numbers and statistics. 5. Emergent Design • The design cannot be finalized at the onset.

14.   Ethics and Research ETHICS   - Norms of conduct that distinguish between acceptable and unacceptable behavior. Research Ethics : 1. A research project needs to be designed to create valid outcomes if it is believed to be pursuing TRUTH .

15. 1. A research project needs to be designed to create valid outcomes if it is believed to be pursuing TRUTH. 2. Researchers have a duty to ensure that they do not deliberately mislead participants as to the nature of the research. 3. Researchers have a duty to avoid causing both physical and psychological difficulties to participants. 4. Researchers are ethically bound to maintain the privacy of participants and confidentiality for any information they give and anonymity for their identity. 5. Society  trusts that the results of research reflect an honest attempt to describe the world accurately and without bias. Synthesis: It is the researcher’s ethical responsibility not to harm the human participants.

16. ETHICAL PRINCIPLES 1.  Honesty 2. Objectivity 3. Integrity 4.Carefulness 5. Openness 6.Respect for Intellectual Property  7.  Confidentiality 8. Responsible publication 9. Respect for colleagues 10. Social Responsibility 11. Non-discrimination 12. Competence 13. Legality

17. Ethical Challenge: Conflict  of interest between the researcher and the what is being researched

18. Ethical Issues: 1. The  researcher may uncover or get hold of practices that may not be acceptable. 2. The issues of anonymity and confidentiality. 3. The researcher is expected to give back to the participants of the research and to show appreciation for their commitment of time, effort and cooperation. 4. The researcher writes a letter and seeks to be allowed to conduct a study.