prashnt environmental microbiology.pptx

environmental microbiology

1. Solar oxidation and removal of Arsenic (SORAS) for Copper Submitted By- Prashant Mishra 23062035 Submitted to- Professor Devendra Mohan Former HOD Department of Civil Engineering IIT(BHU) Varanasi

2. Introduction Arsenic contamination in groundwater is a significant environmental and public health issue, particularly in regions dependent on groundwater for drinking and irrigation. Arsenic, a naturally occurring metalloid, is found in the Earth’s crust. Copper is a naturally occurring metal found in the Earth's crust and is essential in small amounts for human health, supporting enzyme function, iron absorption, and connective tissue formation. However, excessive copper levels in water can be toxic. 2

3. Sources of Copper and Arsenic Contamination Copper Arsenic Industrial Pollution: Discharge of industrial wastewater containing copper from mining, smelting, and manufacturing processes Industrial Activities: Industries like mining, smelting, and manufacturing can release arsenic into the environment, which can contaminate groundwater Agricultural Runoff: Copper-based pesticides and fungicides used in agriculture can contaminate groundwater Agricultural Practices: The use of arsenic-based pesticides and fertilizers can contribute to groundwater contamination Corrosion of Copper Pipes: In older plumbing systems, copper pipes can corrode, releasing copper ions into the water supply Waste Disposal: Improper disposal of industrial and domestic waste can lead to arsenic contamination of groundwater 3

4. Problems due to Copper and Arsenic Copper Arsenic Wilson disease  is an inherited disorder in which excessive amounts of copper accumulate in the body, particularly in the liver, brain, and eyes Skin Cancer: Arsenic exposure can cause skin lesions, hyperkeratosis (thickening and hardening of the skin), and skin cancer Gastrointestinal Issues: High levels of copper in drinking water can cause nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and abdominal pain Cardiovascular Disease: Arsenic exposure has been linked to cardiovascular diseases, including heart disease and stroke Neurological Effects: In severe cases, high copper levels can affect the nervous system, leading to symptoms like headaches, dizziness, and difficulty concentrating Developmental Effects: Exposure to arsenic during pregnancy can harm fetal development and lead to birth defects Soil Contamination: Copper can leach into soil, affecting plant growth and potentially entering the food chain Soil Degradation: Long-term exposure to arsenic can degrade soil quality, reducing its fertility and affecting plant growth Aquatic Toxicity: Copper is toxic to aquatic organisms, even at low concentrations. It can harm fish, invertebrates, and algae, disrupting aquatic ecosystems Contamination of Food Chain: Arsenic can enter the food chain through contaminated water used for irrigation, affecting crops and livestock 4

5. Literature review Author Conclusion Devendra Mohan, Rahul Verm, Rohit Kushwaha, Sonam Experiment result shows that SORAS can very well be used for areas contaminated with arsenic having concentration less than 100 µ g/L. SORAS is one of the most cost effective and easiest method for arsenic removal. It is an eco-friendly process and additionally, arsenic and iron can be recovered from the precipitates. Lorena Cornejo ,Hugo Lienqueo , Marı Arenas, Jorge Acarapi , David Contreras , Jorge Yanez, Hector D. Mansilla in field arsenic removal from natural water by zero-valent iron assisted by solar radiation use of zero-valent iron combined with citrate and solar light favors high arsenic removal efficiency in natural waters. Commercial steel wool and lemon juice can be used as iron source and citrate, respectively. 5

6. Author Conclusion Frederick Lara, Lorena Cornejo, Jorge Yanez, Juanita Freer, Hector D Mansilla Iron concentration is a critical parameter for precipitation of As adsorbed on iron hydroxides. The addition of either Fe(II) or Fe(III) promotes the precipitation; nevertheless, Fe(II) is more efficient, producing better results in a shorter period Santanu Majumder, Bibhash Nath , Simita Sarkar , Sk. Mijanul Islam ,Jochen Bundschuh , Manuela Hidalgo Debashis Chatterjee, study reported for the first time that the citrate source from tomato can effectively remove As from groundwater compared to lemon and lime. The removal efficiency was mainly controlled by the varying As/Fe molar ratios and citrate doses, which showed an ‘optimized central tendency’. 6

7. Permissible As and Cu Concentration in Drinking water Element Acceptable limit(mg/l) Cause of Rejection(mg/l) WHO(mg/l) (last update 2019) Copper 0.05 1.5 2 Arsenic 0.01 0.05 0.01 7

8. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0048969711004475 8

9. SORAS http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0048-9697(19)33346-7/rf1275 9

10. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0269749110000564 10

11. Work Progress Ongoing literature review Prepared stock solution of Arsenic and carried out silver diethyldithiocarbamate test to determine concentration of Arsenic in Aqueous solution and finally drawn calibration curve Made arrangement for carrying out SORAS 11

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13. Arsenic Concentration ( µ g/l) Absorbance(Å) at 525nm Absorbance(Å) at 530nm Absorbance(Å) at 535nm Absorbance(Å) at 540nm 2.5 0.811 0.95 0.97 1.197 4.5 1.281 1.312 1.59 1.425 6.5 2.21 2.156 2.34 2.347 8.5 2.465 2.878 2.79 2.764 10 3.258 3.097 3.11 3.23 Observation Table 13

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20. References https://www.researchgate.net/publication/373895705_Arsenic_Problem_and_its_Low-Cost_Removal_Using_Solar_Oxidation_-_A_Review https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0304389406001786 https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0269749110000564 https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0048969719333467 https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0048969711004475 20

21. Thank You 21