Presentation (17).pdf on first aid for GnM

A sprain is a stretching or tearing of ligaments — the tough bands of fibrous tissue that connect two bones together in your joints. The most common location for a sprain is in your ankle.

Initial treatment includes rest, ice, compression and elevation. Mild sprains can be successfully treated at home. Severe sprains sometimes require surgery to repair torn ligaments.The difference between a sprain and a strain is that a sprain injures the bands of tissue that connect two bones together, while a strain involves an injury to a muscle or to the band of tissue that attaches a muscle to a bone.Signs and symptoms will vary, depending on the severity of the injury, and may include:

Pain
Swelling
Bruising
Limited ability to move the affected joint
Hearing or feeling a "pop" in your joint at the time of injury
When to see the doctor
Mild sprains can be treated at home. But the injuries that cause sprains can also cause serious injuries, such as fractures. You should see a doctor if you:

Can't move or bear weight on the affected joint
Have pain directly over the bones of an injured joint
Have numbness in any part of the injured area

2. WHAT IS SPRAIN ?
•A SPRAIN OCCUR WHEN THE LIGAMENTS HOLDING A JOINT TOGETHER ARE STRETCHED
AND TORN.THEMOST COMMON LOCATION FOR SPRAIN IS ANKLE

3. WHAT IS STRAIN ?
•A STRAIN OCCURS WHEN THE FIBERS OF A MUSCLE OR TENDON ARE STRETCHED AND
TORN.THEMOST COMMON LOCATION OF STRAIN IS LOWER BACK AND BACK OF THIGHS

5. SIGN AND SYMPTOMS
SPRAIN
•PAIN
•DECREASED MOVEMENT
•SWELLING
•TENDERNESS
•REDNESS
STRAIN
•PAIN
•SWELLING
•TENDERNESS
•MUSCLE PULL
•MUSCLE SPASM
•CRAMPS IN MUSCLE

6. FIRST AID TREATMENT
•ASSESS THE VICTIM AND RECOGNIZE SPRAIN AND STRAIN
•FIRST STAGE TO REDUCE SWELLING AND PAIN RICE-R THERAPY (REST, ICE, COMPRESS,
ELEVATE) FOR THE FIRST 24 TO 48 HOURS
•1. REST (R) : THE INJURED AREA (REDUCE REGULAR EXERCISE OR ACTIVITIES AS
NEEDED)
•2. ICE (I) : THE INJURED AREA, 20 MINUTES AT A TIME, FOUR TO EIGHT TIMES A DAY
(COLD PACK, ICE BAG, OR PLASTIC BAG FILLED WITH CRUSHED ICE AND WRAPPED IN A
TOWEL CAN BE USED)

7. •COMPRESSION (C) : BANDAGE THE AREA FIRMLY (BUT NOT TOO TIGHTLY) AROUND,
ABOVE AND BELOW THE WOUND
•ELEVATED (E) : THE INJURED AREA, ABOVE THE LEVEL OF THE HEART, TO HELP DECREASE
SWELLING WHILE YOU ARE LYING OR SITTING DOWN
•REFERRAL (R) : HAVE THE INJURY CHECKED BY A DOCTOR. IT IS IMPORTANT TO GET IT
CHECKED BY DOCTOR IF THE PAIN, SWELLING DOES NOT GO AWAY OR IF THERE IS A LOT
OF DISCOMFORT IN THE AREA.