Presentation ABB sur le standard IEC61850 pour l'automation des substations électriques

Presentation ABB sur le standard IEC61850 pour l'automation des substations électriques

1. © 2012 ABB Switzerland Ltd, Corporate Research, ABBCH-RD
Project C2-012/12 HK
Introduction to the IEC 61850
electrical utility
communication standard
Prof. Dr. Hubert Kirrmann
ABBCH-RD

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Introduction to
IEC 61850
Executive summary
IEC 61850 is a collection of international standards defining:
-how to describe the devices in an electrical substation and
-how to exchange the information about these devices
- at configuration time and
- at run-time.
It simplifies considerably engineering and testing, savings several Mio € per year.
It is the base for all developments in substation automation.
Main products:
definition of model
engineering tools
object
IEC 61850 was developed by the IEC (International Electrotechnical Commission, Geneva)
by a group of manufacturers (ABB, Alstom, Schneider, SEL, Siemens, Toshiba,..) and
electrical utilities (Electricité de France, Iberdrola, Hydro-Quebec,…)
IEC 61850 represents hundreds of person-years of work since 1997, one of the largest and
most successful standardization group ever (comparable to IEEE 802.3).
keep on reading even if you are an executive…

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Introduction to
IEC 61850
Contents
1. Introduction: substation elements
2. Description of the electrical topology
3. Protection, Control and Measurement devices
4. Logical Devices and Logical Nodes
5. Data communication topology
6. Communication Protocols
7. Substation Description Language and Tools
8. Conclusion

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Introduction to
IEC 61850
Swiss power grid: substations and transmission lines
substations are the nodes of the electricity network, connecting power plants,
different voltage levels, different frequencies and large loads

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Introduction to
IEC 61850
Air-isolated substation (AIS)

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Introduction to
IEC 61850
Air isolated high voltage elements
circuit breaker (3 phases)
(can break short-circuit current)
current measurement
transformers
power transformersdisconnector (3 phases)
(can’t be switched under load)
http://www.abb.com/product/us/9AAC30300082.aspx

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Introduction to
IEC 61850
Gas-isolated substation (GIS)
Circuit Breaker
Q0_L1/XCBR
Gas density mon.
Q0_L1/SIMG
Primary technology
Secondary
technology
Control
Q0/CSWI
Q8/CSWI
Q9/CSWI
Bay-HMI
IHMI
Distance
Protection
PDIS
Isolator
Q9_L1/XSWI
Gas density mon.
Q9_L1/SIMG
Earthing Switch
Q8_L1/XSWI
Gas density mon.
Q8_L1/SIMG
GIS are used in urban regions where place is scarce, or in open air where conditions are harsh

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Introduction to
IEC 61850
Indoor substations (medium voltage)
Gas Isolated high voltage medium voltage
Connect towns and large industries to the grid

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Introduction to
IEC 61850
Your substation at home
The switchboard in a home is a miniature substation:
- distribution of electricity (to the different rooms),
- control (switch on/off) and
- protection (fuses).
switch and protect
kitchen
bath
living room
transformer
cellarparents
children
earth
fault

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Introduction to
IEC 61850
Substation elements
Station(Unterwerk, Sous-station, subestación)
Node in the power network
built in a switchyard (Schaltfeld, campo)
consists of :
Bus bar
(interconnects all elements)
Bay
for each incoming / outcoming line (“feeder”) bay
transformer bay
generator bay
connection between bus bars
equipment is divided into:
Primary equipment (switchyard hardware)
breaker
transformer
Secondary equipment (electronics)
control, monitoring and protection devices

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Introduction to
IEC 61850
Electrical circuit (Single Line Diagram = SLD)
bay
départ
Abgang
bahia
bay bay
G
bus bar
(jeux de barres,
Sammelschiene,
barras)
disconnector
(interrupteurs,
Trenner, seccionador)
cannot be switched under power
circuit breaker
(disjoncteur,
Leistungsschalter, interruptor)
can switch fault current
transformer
(transformateur,
Trafo, transformador)
generator
(generateur,
Generator, generador)
three phases
feeder

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Introduction to
IEC 61850
Primary and secondary elements
= AD1 7 - KB2
Steuerung / Sc hutz
Fäl l anden
Fel ds teuergerät REC216 m i t M es s ung und Sy nc hroc hec k
L EI T UNG SHAUPT SCHUT Z REL 3 1 6 *4PRÜF ST ECKER
I
0
S CHUT Z E I N/ A US
I
0
W E - B L O CK
I
0
S T UF E NV E RL .
Res et
A US
SAM M EL SCHI ENENSCHUT Z REB5 0 0RE S E RV E S CHUT Z
S CHUT Z E I N/ A US
A US
2 2 0 VDC SPANNUNG SYS 1 2 2 0 VDC SPANNUNG SYS 2
S Y NCHRO NI S I E RUNG HA ND
VERRI EG EL UNG
2 x 2 2 0 / 2 4 V DC/ DC S P A NNUNG S V E RS O RG UNG
- X1
Control/Protection Cubicles
Interbay
bus
Star coupler
ABB
P ow er A ut omat i on A G
RER111
500SCM
01
Rx3
Tx3
Rx2
Tx2
Rx1
Tx1
500SCM
01
Rx3
Tx3
Rx2
Tx2
Rx1
Tx1
500SCM
01
Rx3
Tx3
Rx2
Tx2
Rx1
Tx1
500SCM
01
Rx3
Tx3
Rx2
Tx2
Rx1
Tx1
500SCM
Rx3
Tx3
Rx2
Tx2
Rx1
Tx1
Network control centre
ABB
P ow er A ut omat i on A G
C O M581
C
Com m unication
Converter
dgtal
-Q9
-Q2
motors
HV Line
bay
CT
VT
= AD1 7 - KB2
Steuerung / Sc hutz
Fäl l anden
Fel ds teuergerät REC216 m i t M es s ung und Sy nc hroc hec k
L EI T UNG SHAUPT SCHUT Z REL 3 1 6 *4PRÜF ST ECKER
I
0
S CHUT Z E I N/ A US
I
0
W E - B L O CK
I
0
S T UF E NV E RL .
Res et
A US
= AD1 7 - KB2
Steuerung / Sc hutz
Fäl l anden
= AD1 7 - KB2
Steuerung / Sc hutz
Fäl l anden
Control/Protection Cubicles
= AD1 7 - KB2
Steuerung / Sc hutz
Fäl l anden
= AD1 7 - KB2
Steuerung / Sc hutz
Fäl l anden
-Q1
-Q0
-Q8
P
r
o
c
e
s
s

I
n
t
e
r
f
a
c
e
circuit
breakers
switches
bus bars
primary secondary

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Introduction to
IEC 61850
Contents
1. Introduction: substation elements
2. Description of the electrical topology
3. Protection, Control and Measurement devices
4. Logical Devices and Logical Nodes
5. Data communication topology
6. Communication Protocols
7. Substation Description Language and Tools
8. Conclusion

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Introduction to
IEC 61850
IEC 61346: Naming of substation elements
bay 3
bay 1 bay 4 bay 5
=W2
=E1
M
=QC1
M
=QC2
=Q3
-QA1M
=QB12
M
=QC11
=Q4
=QA1
M
=QC2
M
=QC1
=W1
=BI1
=BU1
=Q5
=QA1
M
=QC1
M
=QB9
M
=QC9
=BI1
=BU1
=Q1
=QA1
M
=QC2
M
=QC1
=BI1
=BU1
=QB1
M
=T1 =T1
=BU2
=BU1
=BI1
=QB2
M
=QB1
M
=QB2
M
=QB1
M
=QB2
M
=QB1
M
=QB2
M
M
=QC2
=Q2
=QA1
M
=QC1
M
=QB9
M
=QC9
=BI1
=BU1
=QB1
M
=QB2
M
M
=QC2
bay 2
E1.W1.Q2.QA1
The IEC 61346 standard defines how substation elements should be named.
(Customers may define their own names, e.g. Q1 is “City_Broadway”)

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Introduction to
IEC 61850
Primary technology in the switchyard (Air Isolated)

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Introduction to
IEC 61850
Substation Configuration Language: Single Line Diagram
<?xmlversion="1.0"?>
<SCLxmlns:sxy="http://www.iec.ch/61850/sclcoordinates001 "xmlns="http://www.iec.ch/61850/2003/SCL ">
<Headerid="svc"toolID="SSI-Tool"nameStructure="IEDName"/>
<Substationname="AA1"desc="Substation">
<VoltageLevelname="A1"desc="Voltage Level">
<Bayname="A01"desc="Bay"sxy:dir="horizontal">
<LNodeiedName="AA1TH1"ldInst="LD0"lnClass="LPHD"lnInst="1"/>
<LNodeiedName="AA1TH1"ldInst="LD0"lnClass="ITCI"lnInst="1"/>
<LNodeiedName="AA1TH1"ldInst="LD0"lnClass="LLN0"lnInst=""/>
</Bay>
</VoltageLevel>
<VoltageLevelname="C1"desc="Voltage Level">
<Voltagemultiplier="k"unit="V">380</Voltage>
</VoltageLevel>
<VoltageLevelname="H1"desc="Voltage Level">
<Voltagemultiplier="k"unit="V">33</Voltage>
<Bayname="Q03"desc="Trafo LV"sxy:x="54"sxy:y="33"sxy:dir="vertical">
<ConductingEquipment name="QA1"desc="Circuit Breaker"type="CBR"sxy:x="7"sxy:y="8"sxy:dir="vertical">
<TerminalconnectivityNode="AA1/H1/Q03/N1"substationName="AA1"voltageLevelName="H1"bayName="Q03"cNodeName="N1"/>
<TerminalconnectivityNode="AA1/H1/Q03/N5"substationName="AA1"voltageLevelName="H1"bayName="Q03"cNodeName="N5"/>
</ConductingEquipment>
<ConductingEquipment name="BU1"desc="Voltage Transformer 2 Sec. 3 Phase "type="VTR"sxy:x="4"sxy:y="24">
<TerminalconnectivityNode="AA1/H1/Q03/N6"substationName="AA1"voltageLevelName="H1"bayName="Q03"cNodeName="N6"/>
</ConductingEquipment>
<ConductingEquipment name="TrafoLV"desc="Line In/Out"type="IFL"sxy:x="7"sxy:y="26"sxy:dir="vertical">
<TerminalconnectivityNode="AA1/H1/Q03/N6"substationName="AA1"voltageLevelName="H1"bayName="Q03"cNodeName="N6"/>
</ConductingEquipment>
<ConductingEquipment name="BI1.2"desc="Current Transformer"type="CTR"sxy:x="7"sxy:y="12"sxy:dir="vertical">
<TerminalconnectivityNode="AA1/H1/Q03/N3"substationName="AA1"voltageLevelName="H1"bayName="Q03"cNodeName="N3"/>
<TerminalconnectivityNode="AA1/H1/Q03/N4"substationName="AA1"voltageLevelName="H1"bayName="Q03"cNodeName="N4"/>
</ConductingEquipment>
IEC 61850-6 specifies how to describe a substation’s Single Line Diagram, and how to
reproduce it on a screen exactly in the correct topology.
It allows to describe any substation, independent from the manufacturer in simple XML.

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Introduction to
IEC 61850
Contents
1. Introduction: substation elements
2. Description of the electrical topology
3. Protection, Control and Measurement devices
4. Logical Devices and Logical Nodes
5. Data communication topology
6. Communication Protocols
7. Substation Description Language and Tools
8. Conclusion

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Introduction to
IEC 61850
Protection, Measurement and Control devices
bay 1
=Q1
=QA1
M
=QC2
M
=QC1
=BI1
=BU1
=QB1
M
=T1
=QB2
M
=Q2
=QA1
M
=QC1
M
=QB9
M
=QC9
=BI1
=BU1
=QB1
M
=QB2
M
M
=QC2
bay 2
=Q2
=QA1
M
=QC1
=BI1
=BU1
=QB1
M
=QB2
M
M
=QC2
bay 2
G
bus bar H1
back-up bay
protection and
control
transformer
protection
bus-bar
protection
generator
protection
Each object is protected by its own protection & control device
IED = Intelligent Electronic Device
bus bar H2
measurement
bay protection
and control

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Introduction to
IEC 61850
IEC 61850- based product family
Price
Distribution Transmission
RE_ 670
RE_ 615
RE_ 650
RE_ 630
RE_ 60_
voltage / power level

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Introduction to
IEC 61850
Example of protection function: time-overcurrent
current [kA]
duration before trip [ms]
The protection function is adjusted with a set of parameters that are tuned
for a specific substation and bay, called a setting.
Protection function have usually different settings, that are used depending on the situation.
nominal current

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Introduction to
IEC 61850
Internals of an IED

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Introduction to
IEC 61850
Signal flow in an IED

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Introduction to
IEC 61850
Contents
1. Introduction: substation elements
2. Description of the electrical topology
3. Protection, Control and Measurement devices
4. Logical Devices and Logical Nodes
5. Data communication topology
6. Communication Protocols
7. Substation Description Language and Tools
8. Conclusion

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Introduction to
IEC 61850
Logical Device Q0_L3/
Logical device
Each physical device (called an IED) can perform functions that was formerly performed
by different protection or control devices.
Those former devices are represented by Logical Devices within the physical device.
circuit breaker control
and protection
Physical Device
PISA_Q0_L3
Logical Device B_L3/
buss bar control
and protection

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Introduction to
IEC 61850
Logical Nodes
IEC 61850 describes each function within a substation equipment
(transformer, circuit breaker, protection function...) by a logical node (LN).
Q0
T2
T1
City X
IED1
IED2
LAN
CSWI
PIOC
MMTR
MMXU
IARC
XCBR
TCTR
: TVTR
circuit breaker
current measure
transformer
voltage measuring
transformer
measuring unit
protection against
over current
control of switch
human interface
IHMI

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Introduction to
IEC 61850
Logical Nodes Groups
IEC 61850-7-4 standardizes 91Logical Nodes divided into 13Logical Groups
The first letter of the Logical Node identifies the group.
Logical Group Name Number of Logical Nodes
L System LN 2
P Protection 28
R Protection related 10
C Control 5
G Generic 3
I Interfacing and archiving 4
A Automatic control 4
M Metering and measurement 8
S Sensor and monitoring 4
X Switchgear 2
T Instrument transformers 2
Y Power transformers 4
Z Further power system equipment 15
W Wind
O Solar
H Hydro
N Power plant
B Batteries
F Fuel Cells
reserved for companion standards

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Introduction to
IEC 61850
Logical Nodes: switchgear
LNname Function
XCBR Circuit breakera high-power switch capable of switching off
or on under full load current
(Schalter, Interrupteur)
XSWI Circuit switcha switching device capable of electrically
isolating a line, but which may only be
operated when essentially no current is
flowing

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Introduction to
IEC 61850
Data: Circuit Breaker
Mod Mode INC M
Beh Behavior INS M
Health Health INS M
NamePlt Name Plate LPL
Loc Local operation, not remote SPS
EEHealth External equipment health INS
EEName External equipment name plate DPL
NamPlt Name Plate LPL
OpCnt Operation counter INS M
Data Object
Basic LN
Pos Switch position DPC M
BlkOpn Block opening SPC M
BlkCls Block closing SPC M
ChaMotEna Charger motor enable SPC
Controls
CBOpCap Circuit breaker operating capabilityINS M
POWCap Point on wave switching capabilityINS
MaxOpCap Operating capability when fully charged INS
Status
SumSwARs Sum of switched amperes, resetable BCR
Measures
Explanation ClassMandatory
XCBR

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Introduction to
IEC 61850
Attributes: position
stVal BOOLEAN
q Quality
t TimeStamp
subEna BOOLEAN
subVal BOOLEAN
subQ Quality
subID Visible String64
d Visible String255
Each attribute of a DATA consists of a number of Data Attributes,
with a Data Attribute Type (DAType) that belong to Functional Constraints (FC)
Attribute Type
Status (ST)
Description (DC)
Common data
attribute type
Substitution (SV)
Attribute Name
only needed when
substitution is
possible
Functional Constraint
DATA “Pos”
Basic Type

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30
Introduction to
IEC 61850
Logical nodes of the P-group (protection)
LNname IEEE protection function(s) name Protection Function
PDIF 87,87P,87L,87N,87T,87B, 87M, 87G Differential
PDIR 87B Direction comparison
PDIS 21 Distance protection
PDOP 32 Directional Overpower
PDUP 32,37,40 Directional Underpower
PFRC 81 Rate of change of frequency
PHAR 87T Harmonic restraint
PHIZ 64 Ground detector
PIOC 50 Instantaneous overcurrent
PMRI 49R,66,48,51LR Motor restart inhibition
PMSS Motor starting supervision
POPF 55 Over power factor
PPAM Phase angle measuring
PSCH 21,85 Protection scheme
PSDE Sensitive directional earth fault
PTEF Transient earth fault
PTOC 46,51,60,64R,64S,64W,67,67N,76 Time overcurrent
PTOF 81 Overfrequency
PTOV 47,59,59DC,60 Overvoltage
PTRC
PTTR 49,49R,49S Thermal overload
PTUC 37 Undercurrent
PTUV 27 Undervoltage
PTUF Underfrequency
PUPF 55 Under power factor
PVOC 51V Voltage controlled time overcurrent
PVPH 24 Volt per Hertz
PZSU 14 Zero speed or underspeed

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Introduction to
IEC 61850
Substation Configuration Language: Equipment
<LNinst="1" lnClass="XCBR" lnType="IED670@IEC61850@@@ABBIED670_REV1_SXCBR@1" prefix="S">
<Privatetype="ABB_FunctionRefs">476621a8-3f95-4a19-9b63-31171ddd62f9</Private>
<DOIname="Mod" desc="Mode">
<DAIname="stVal" sAddr="/INC/ST/Enum/+/dchg/Mod/App1.SW ITCH_D.1.THIS.0.ModSt,152,29" />
<DAIname="q" sAddr="/INC/ST/Quality/+/qchg/+/App1.SW ITCH_D.1.THIS.0.ModSt,152,100" />
<DAIname="t" sAddr="/INC/ST/Timestamp/+/none/+/App1.SWITCH_D.1.THIS.0.ModSt,152,32" />
<DAIname="ctlModel" sAddr="/INC/CF/Enum/+/none/ctlModel/-1,-1,-1" valKind="RO" />
<DAIname="d" sAddr="/INC/DC/VisString255/+/none/+/-1,-1,-1" valKind="RO" />
</DOI>
<DOIname="Health">
<DAIname="stVal" sAddr="/INS/ST/Enum/+/dchg/Health/-1,-1,-1" />
<DAIname="q" sAddr="/INS/ST/Quality/+/qchg/+/-1,-1,-1" />
<DAIname="t" sAddr="/INS/ST/Timestamp/+/none/+/-1,-1,-1" />
<DAIname="d" sAddr="/INS/DC/VisString255/+/none/+/-1,-1,-1" valKind="RO" />
</DOI>
<DOIname="NamPlt">
<DAIname="vendor" sAddr="/LPL/DC/VisString255/+/none/+/-1,-1,-1" valKind="RO" />
<DAIname="swRev" sAddr="/LPL/DC/VisString255/+/none/+/-1,-1,-1" valKind="RO" />
<DAIname="d" sAddr="/LPL/DC/VisString255/+/none/+/-1,-1,-1" valKind="RO" />
<DAIname="configRev" sAddr="/LPL/DC/VisString255/+/none/+/-1,-1,-1" valKind="RO" />
</DOI>
<DOIname="Loc" desc="Local operation (local means without substation automation communication, hardwired direct control)">
<DAIname="stVal" sAddr="/SPS/ST/BOOLEAN/+/dchg/+/App1.SW ITCH_D.1.OUT.20.Value,140,13" />
<DAIname="q" sAddr="/SPS/ST/Quality/+/qchg/+/App1.SW ITCH_D.1.OUT.20.Value,140,100" />
<DAIname="t" sAddr="/SPS/ST/Timestamp/+/none/+/App1.SW ITCH_D.1.OUT.20.Value,140,32" />
<DAIname="d" sAddr="/SPS/DC/VisString255/+/none/+/-1,-1,-1" valKind="RO" />
</DOI>
<DOIname="OpCnt" desc="Operation counter">
<DAIname="stVal" sAddr="/INS/ST/INT32/+/dchg/+/App1.SW ITCH_D.1.OUT.8.Value,33,30" />
<DAIname="q" sAddr="/INS/ST/Quality/+/qchg/+/App1.SW ITCH_D.1.OUT.8.Value,33,100" />
<DAIname="t" sAddr="/INS/ST/Timestamp/+/none/+/App1.SW ITCH_D.1.OUT.8.Value,33,32" />
<DAIname="d" sAddr="/INS/DC/VisString255/+/none/+/-1,-1,-1" valKind="RO" />
</DOI>
<DOIname="Pos" desc="Switch position">
<DAIname="stVal" sAddr="/DPC/ST/Dbpos/+/dchg/+/App1.SW ITCH_D.1.OUT.21.Value,141,12" />
<DAIname="q" sAddr="/DPC/ST/Quality/+/qchg/+/App1.SW ITCH_D.1.OUT.21.Value,141,100" />
<DAIname="t" sAddr="/DPC/ST/Timestamp/+/none/+/App1.SWITCH_D.1.OUT.21.Value,141,32" />
<DAIname="subEna" sAddr="/DPC/SV/BOOLEAN/+/none/+/App1.SWITCH_D.1.SUB.0.Enable,-1,-1" />
<DAIname="subVal" sAddr="/DPC/SV/Dbpos/+/none/+/App1.SW ITCH_D.1.SUB.0.Value,-1,-1" />
<DAIname="subQ" sAddr="/DPC/SV/Quality/+/none/+/-1,-1,-1" />
<DAIname="subID" sAddr="/DPC/SV/VisString64/+/none/+/-1,-1,-1" />
<DAIname="ctlModel" sAddr="/DPC/CF/Enum/+/none/ctlModel/-1,-1,-1" valKind="RO" />
<DAIname="d" sAddr="/DPC/DC/VisString255/+/none/+/-1,-1,-1" valKind="RO" />
</DOI>
<DOIname="BlkOpn" desc="Block opening">
name of the circuit breaker
health state
name plate
local/remote operation
number of switching opertions
current breaker position
value
quality
time stamp
substituted value
description

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Introduction to
IEC 61850
Contents
1. Introduction: substation elements
2. Description of the electrical topology
3. Protection, Control and Measurement devices
4. Logical Devices and Logical Nodes
5. Data communication topology
6. Communication Protocols
7. Substation Description Language and Tools
8. Conclusion

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Introduction to
IEC 61850
bay 02bay 01
Gateway
Network
Control
Logprinter
station bus
GPS
clock
SCADA
bay 12bay 11
IED
IED
IED
IED
IED
IED
IED
IED
IED
IED
IED
IED
IED
IED
IED
IED
IED
IED
bay 01 bay 02 bay 03 bay 04
bay 03 bay 04 bay 11 bay 12
01
electrical topology:
Single Line Diagram
data network
topology
Data and electrical topologies
switch
the structure of the network reflects the structure of the substation

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34
Introduction to
IEC 61850
SCADA level
clock
SCADA
HMI
gateway
firewall
network control
SCADA
bay level
9
-
2

S
V
P
r
o
c
e
s
s
b
u
s
SCADA
HMI
Engineering
IED
IED
IED
PIAPIB
IED
IED
IED
IED
IED
IED
IED
IED
IED
IED
IED
IED
Station Bus
v
e
r
t
ic
a
l
t
r
a
f
f
ic






















(
M
M
S
)

baybaybay
(9-2 SV)
primary technology
baybay
8
-
1

G
O
O
S
E
Station Bus and Process Bus
process input
analogue
process
interface
binary
direct wiring
horizontal traffic (8-1 GOOSE)

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Introduction to
IEC 61850
remote
control
network
control centre
IEC 61850 station bus ring topology (preferred, other exist)
switch S
IED
bay 1
logger
printer
station bus (ring) = Ethernet
IED
IEC
bay 2
IED
IED
bay N
operator
workplace
. . .
the structure of the network reflects the structure of the substation
IED IEDIED
IED
GPS
time
100Tx
(copper)
links
switch 1 switch 2
100Fx
(fibre) links

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36
Introduction to
IEC 61850
Printer Server 1
Alarm and
Event Printer 1
LA36W
Fibre optic station bus (LON) in star configuration
4 x Star Coupler
RER111 including
redundant
power supply
GPS
Master
S
A
S
5
7
0
A
d
v
a
n
c
e
d
S
u
b
s
ta
tio
n
A
u
to
m
a
tio
n
S
y
s
te
m
O pe r a t or ' s W or k s t a t i on 2Operator's Workstation 1 Global Position
System
Front-End Station
Computer 1
Front-End Station
Computer 2
Alarm and
Event Printer 2
LA36W
Redundant Station LAN TCP-IP
Printer Server 2
LAN-Interface
to LV SCM S
Engineering Workstation Disturbance Recorder
Evalution Station
to
Central Station
Manual
Switch
Bay control unit
REC316*4
Bay control unit
REC316*4
4 x 132kV Cable Line 1 x 132kV Bus Coupler Trafo Interlocking 132kV Common Alarm
Differential protection
RET316*4
6 x 500RIO11 DI
SACO64D4 Auxiliary alarm unit
3Ph and neutral OC
SPAJ140C
Bay control unit
(loose delivery)
4 x 132/11kV Transformer Feeder
SPAJ110C
Stand by
earth fault
overcurrent
Pr o t.
SPAJ115C
Restricted
earth fault
Protection
Neutral
earth fault
Pr o t.
SPAJ110C
SPAJ115C
Restricted
earth fault
Protection
132kV Side
11kV Side
132kV BBP / BFP
B B P / B FP C e nt r a l uni t
R E B 500
10 x BBP/BFP Bay unit
REB500
Bay control unit
REC316*4
Bay control unit
REC316*4
AVR & Tap Control
AVR and tap control
T1 type REGSys
Fault Monitoring System
Indactic I650
Coaxial cable
Telephon
M odem
SACO64D4 Auxiliary alarm unit
AVR and tap control
T2 type REGSys
Repeater
(loose delivery)
1 x 500RIO11 DO
Service
Modem
132kV Modem
NSK
Fallback
Switch
LDCs Interface from Station Com puter 2 IEC870-5-101
LDCs Interface from Station Com puter 1 IEC870-5-101
AVR and tap control
T3 type REGSys
Line distance prot.
REL316*4
AVR and tap control
T4 type REGSys
(loose delivery)(loose delivery)
Bay control unit
(loose delivery)
HP Color
Laserjet
H P C ol or
Laser j et
EF and OC
SPAJ110C
500RIO11 , 16DI
Analog alarm unit
SACO16A3
Station Alarm Unit Station Alarm Unit
S P A J110C
SPAJ110C
Earth fault
overcurrent
Pr o t.
Tertiary
Earth fault
Pr o t.
Repeater
Control Protection
Analog alarm unit
SACO16A3
FMS Fault Monitoring System
10 x 132kV
4 x 11kV
1 x spare
SACO16A3 R
SPAU140C
S y nc hr o-
check
SPAJ140C
Phase and
neutral
overcurrent
Pr o t.
SACO16A3 R
SACO16A3 R
132kV analog
Input
132kV FOX
Equipment
11kV analog
Input
PTUSK Scope
11kV Modem
NSK
SACO64D4 Auxiliary alarm unit
Main 2
o/e
o/e
SACO64D4 Auxiliary alarm unit
Ether
net
Ver bindung zu E4
FO
RS232
Pilot wire diff. prot.
SOLKOR R/Rf.
B69
Überstrom
Main 1
Siemens 7SD610 für
E19 Verbindung
Substation Automation Network: a real case

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Introduction to
IEC 61850
Redundant IEC 61850 network
IED
bay (ring)
IED
IED
workstation1
logger
printer
COM
NCC
IED
bay (ring)
COM
NCC
workstation2
Mixing redundant, non-redundant, HASAR and PRP
Duo/Duplo
IED
IED
3rd party
bay (star)
IED
IED
station bus (ring)

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Introduction to
IEC 61850
Substation Configuration Language: communication
…
<Communication>
<Subnetworkname="Line1"type="8-MMS"bitrate="100">
<ConnectedAPieDName="AA3KA3"apName="S1">
<Address>
<Ptype="IP">10.41.24.135</P>
<Ptype="IP-GATEWAY"></P>
<Ptype="IP-SUBNET">255.255.255.0</P>
</Address>
<GSEldInst="C1"cbName="Interlock"addr="01-0C-CD-01-00-01"mintime="8"maxtime="1024"></GSE>
</ConnectedAP>
<ConnectedAPieDName="AA3KA1"apName="S1">
<Address>
<Ptype="IP">10.58.125.232</P>
<Ptype="IP-GATEWAY"></P>
<Ptype="IP-SUBNET">255.255.255.0</P>
</Address>
</ConnectedAP>
<ConnectedAPieDName="AA3KA4"apName="S1">
<Address>
<Ptype="IP">10.41.24.136</P>
<Ptype="IP-GATEWAY"></P>
<Ptype="IP-SUBNET">255.255.255.0</P>
</Address>
<GSEldInst="C1"cbName="Interlock"addr="01-0C-CD-01-00-01"mintime="8"maxtime="1000"></GSE>
…
IEC61850-6 specifies the data network topology (with its coordinates),
the devices that participate in communication, how they are connected,
which are their addresses and which is the data traffic they generate.
This information allows to determine at engineering time the traffic load on the network.

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Introduction to
IEC 61850
Contents
1. Introduction: substation elements
2. Description of the electrical topology
3. Protection, Control and Measurement devices
4. Logical Devices and Logical Nodes
5. Data communication topology
6. Communication Protocols
7. Substation Description Language and Tools
8. Conclusion

40. ©

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40
Introduction to
IEC 61850
Three types of communication in IEC 61850
Supervisory
Level
GPSa
Back-Up
Event
Printers
SCADA
S-bus
HMI
Tele-
control
NCC
bay
IEC 61850
bay bay
interbay
bus
Station Bus
bay bay bay
GOOSE
SCADA
M
M
S
IED
IED
IED
Bay
Level
horizontal communication
(IED to IED)
IEC 61850-8
vertical communication
(SCADA to IEDs)
IEC 61850-8
S
a
m
p
le

V
a
lu
e
s
sampled values
(IED to IED)
IEC 61850-9-2

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41
Introduction to
IEC 61850
IEC 61850: Three protocols stacks
MMS
client-server
SCADA-IEDs
IEC 61850-8-1
GOOSE
publisher-subscriber
IED-IED
IEC 61850-8-1
SV
PI-IED
61850-9-2
Ethernet
ACSI = Application Common Interface

42. ©

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42
Introduction to
IEC 61850
Details of the stack
MAC layer
TCP RFC 793
IP
ISO Transport
RFC 1006
ISO Session
ISO/IEC 8245
ACSE
ISO/IEC 8649:1996
MMS
ISO 9506-1:2003
Client/Server
services
ACSI
PT=0800link layer
application
application
application
SNTP
ARP
802.p1 / 802.1Q
VLAN - priority
PT=0806 PTID=8100802.2
spanning
tree
(802.1d)
x88F7 x88B8 x88BA
IEEE
1588
GOOSE SV
Hard Real-Time stack
void
Soft-Time stack
ICMP
physical layer
link redundancy entity (PRP / HSR)
Ethernet BEthernet A
redundancy
network
transport
session
presentation
r1ms r1µs

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43
Introduction to
IEC 61850
Client-Server Protocol (MMS) – two modes
Indication
Request
Confirmation Response
network
Indication
Request
time
MMS servernetworkMMS client
processing
distance
asynchronous event
1) Request-Response
2) Unsolicited
( IEC 61850-8-1 )
builds on unicastTCP/IPv4

44. ©

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Introduction to
IEC 61850
GOOSE: event-driven real-time communication
T0 (T0) T1T1T2 T3
event
T0 retransmission in stable conditions (no event for a long time).
(T0) retransmission in stable conditions may be shortened by an event.
T1 shortest retransmission time after the event.
T2, T3 retransmission times until achieving the stable conditions time.
(the value of these times is an application issue)
T0 T0
Used to transmit to all other bays a state change (e.g. switch closing)
Publisher-Subscriber (Source addressed)
Uses multicast on layer 2
( IEC 61850-8-1 )

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Introduction to
IEC 61850
Communication protocols in IEC 61850
substation objects
MMS
Goose
Ethernet
TCP / IP
substation objects
MMS
Goose
Ethernet
TCP / IP
substation objects
MMS
Goose
Ethernet
TCP / IP
application
MMS
Goose
Ethernet
TCP / IP
ACSI
IEC 61850 uses different stacks for the different kinds of traffic.
IEDs
SCADA
Station Bus

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Introduction to
IEC 61850
Contents
1. Introduction: substation elements
2. Description of the electrical topology
3. Protection, Control and Measurement devices
4. Logical Devices and Logical Nodes
5. Data communication topology
6. Communication Protocols
7. Substation Description Language and Tools
8. Conclusion

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Introduction to
IEC 61850
Substation Configuration Description
Prot.
IED
Prot.
IED
Prot.
IED
. . .
Switch
Control
IED
Control
IED
Control
IED
Prot.
IED
Prot.
IED
Prot.
IED
. . .
Switch
Control
IED
Control
IED
Control
IED
Prot.
IED
Prot.
IED
Prot.
IED
. . .
Switch
Control
IED
Control
IED
Control
IED
. . . . .
ComputerPrinter
. . . . .
Switch
Timeserver
1 2 11
Computer
Switch
NCC NCC
Timeserver
Integrated
Engineering
Tools
SCD
data network
configuration
(IP addresses…)
logical devices and
protection functions
(overcurrent, ….)
substation topology
(busbars, feeders, switches,..)
The Substation Configuration Description
(SCD) file according to IEC61850 is the
“DNA” of the substation, defining:
a large XML
file(4 MB..12 MB)

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Introduction to
IEC 61850
Object Model
The IEC 61850 object model is the centerpiece of the standard.
It relies on application know-how of the standards group.
The model is used for:
- system verification (“virtual maximum size substation”)
- engineering of a particular substation
- allocation of functions to devices in that substation
- configuration of the real devices (IEDs and SCADA) and real network
- testing and debugging
The object model is implemented:
-a) in the engineering tools (total substation)
-b) in the SCADA (relevant parts of substation)
-c) in the devices (only local functions, need-to-know)

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Introduction to
IEC 61850
Impact of the SCL on the engineering process
SCADA
physical signals
Telecontrol
COMxxx
ICD
IED
Status and
Control
SCD
Substation
configuration
IED configuration
physical signals
IED
physical signals
IED
CAP / PCM
Tools
interbay bus
The use of SCL obliges to adopt a top-down approach in engineering:
1) Single line diagram
2) Bay description
3) Function description
4) Communication description
5) IED parameters
IET Single Line
Diagram
CID

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Introduction to
IEC 61850
IET: substation configuration tool
„IET in used in all projects to produce the single line diagram, attach the IEDs
and generate the SCD file

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Introduction to
IEC 61850
The Synthy idea: simulate devices modeled in IEC 61850
GPSa
Station
Computer
/ HMI
Event
Printers
SCADA
OPC
DataBase
HMI
OPC
DB
Tele-
control
RTU
1A~, 100V~
110V=, 24V=
switches
and leds
bay
,
Omicron,
XS-92
PLCs
PCM
bay bay
bay
LAN Analyzer
SCD
GUI
GUI
script
substation objects
script
script
Lower testers
bay bay
classic testing
Synthy
Supervisory Level (SCADA)
IEC 61850 Industrial Ethernet
Integrated
Engineering
Tools

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Introduction to
IEC 61850
Synthy in Factory Acceptance Test
before….
after….
Synthy
real IEDs
SCADA

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Introduction to
IEC 61850
Contents
1. Introduction: substation elements
2. Description of the electrical topology
3. Protection, Control and Measurement devices
4. Logical Devices and Logical Nodes
5. Data communication topology
6. Communication Protocols
7. Substation Description Language and Tools
8. Conclusion

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Introduction to
IEC 61850
The main features of IEC 61850
- defines interconnection of IEDs based on Ethernet / TCP-IP / MMS
- defines besides TCP/IP a Layer 2 traffic for time-critical data
-defines an object model
-defines application layer semantics for the objects
-defines a substation configuration language

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Introduction to
IEC 61850
Benefits of IEC 61850
The benefit of an IEC61850 device is not in the price of the device: it
is in lower cost to use the device.
The benefit of an IEC61850 system is not in buying the system: it is
in lower costs to engineer and commission the substation system.
The cost of an installed device is 7 times the value of the device !
“The flexibility provided by the IEC61850/UCA-MMS
protocols has the potential for saving millions of dollars
in development costs for utilities and manufacturers,
since it eliminates the need for protocol converters and
lengthy, complex database mapping when integrating
devices from different manufacturers.
Gustavo Brunello, GE, in Electricity Today, Issue 4, 2003, page 10”

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Introduction to
IEC 61850
Conclusion
IEC 61850 is the base for all future developments in substation automation
IEC 61850 is a successful standard in substations, because it put all competitors on an equal
footing through the Ethernet / Internet technology.
IEC 61850 defines an application object model that is independent from the communication and
ensures long-term investment.
IEC 61850 value resides in the savings in engineering and testing that it allows.
IEC 61850 paved the way for other standards, such as wind mills, hydro and the same principles
could be used in any standardized plant. .

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Introduction to
IEC 61850
Outlook: Spreading to other standards
IEC 61400-25 (Wind turbines)
IEC61850-90-7 (Inverters for Distributed Energy and Renewable)
IEC 61850-90-5 (Synchrophasor transmission)
IEC_61850-7-510 (Hydro plants)
IEC_61850-7-420 (Distributed Energy and Renewable)
=> Common Information Model (CIM, IEC 61968 / IEC 61970)
The methods of IEC 61850 have been applied successfully to other domains.

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Introduction to
IEC 61850
WindTurbine (WTUR)
Logical Node
TMS
Turbine Availability Time
W SetPoint
STPTMS Turbine Operation Time
BOOL
CTE Number of Turbine Starts
Emergency Stop
CMD
CTE Number of Turbine Stops
STP
STV Windturbine Status
AMV Total active Energy generation
Windturbine operation command
Var SetPoint
network
every conformant wind turbine must implement these objects !
Wind turbine objects

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Introduction to
IEC 61850