Presentation_about_metamaterial_in GHz regime

the presentation is about Metamaterial ,which is a synthetic structural material with unique electromagnetic, acoustic, or mechanical properties. It was first experimentally demonstrated by David R. Smith and coined by Walser in 2001. Metamaterials have the ability to exhibit phenomena such as negative refraction, electromagnetic cloaking, and perfect absorption. They have applications in optics, electronics, and other fields. However, metamaterials also have disadvantages such as high loss, complex manufacturing processes, and narrow operating spectra. To overcome these limitations, researchers have developed 2D metasurfaces, which are a compressed form of 3D metamaterials. These metasurfaces can be actively tuned using methods such as electrical, temperature, and optical control. In 1968, Veselago [91] suggested the phenomenon of negative refractive index by materials whose permittivity (
ε
)
and permeability (µ) were negative, which indicates the velocity of light within the material would also be negative. Although there are materials in nature with negative permittivity, there is none with both parameters being negative. Metamaterials were first experimentally proposed by Pendry et al. in 1996 [92]. Thin metallic wires with radius in the order of ~ 1 µm were manufactured and assembled to form a simple cubic lattice structure illustrated in Fig. 14. The effective plasma frequency of the artificial material was depressed by up to 6 orders of magnitude, which subsequently changed the dielectric function of the material to a negative value. Smith and coworkers [93], as represented in Fig. 15, realized 3D structures in the millimeter scale, operated in the microwave regime with a two-dimensional array of repeated unit cells of copper strips and SRRs on interlocking strips that exhibit a frequency band where the effective index of refraction is negative. However, to achieve magnetic resonance at optical frequencies, the SRR structure must be less than 100 nm in structure dimension with a gap less than 10 nm. Moreover, the scaling principle also starts to break down at higher frequencies as the metal significantly deviates from an ideal conductor [101].

1. Presented By A Meta-Atom for Multiband Microwave Application Kaniz Suburna

2. Where to apply . 01 02 04 05 06 07 Background Why metamaterial form, history DNG, why it is rear Problem Statement of n-channel What we are focusing at? Objectives of n-channel What method is used there and how that is being used? Methodology Our suggested design and its parameters Design Why our design is better, comparison Result & Discussion Table of Content 03 Possibilities and scopes Future Works 2

3. Meta-Material With Nanotechnology Composed of an array of the small metallic resonator structure Manufactured material that is created artificially Bend and control waves Combines numerous areas of physics and engineering

4. Metamaterial & its Background Background & Literature Review Invention of Metamaterial [1] [2] (Dr. Georgievich Veselago , Dr. Smith) Various characteristic & pattern.[3][4][5]. Single Band [6], multi band[7]. Single negative( ε or μ ) [8], Zero negative[9], double negative[10] How does a usual material turn into Metamaterial? Geometric Pattern Types of Substrate Orientation 4 Fig: Single band[21] Fig:Multiband band[18] Fig: Single Negative[9] Fig: Near Zero Negative[8] Fig:Double Negative[19]

5. To design a metamaterial for use in the microwave multiband application Multiband 01 To achieve a DNG property is a key factor here DNG Property 02 To attain better EMR for better performance is the main moto. Better Performance 03 Statement of problem & motive 5 Metamaterials are uncommon in nature. Metamaterials that covers three significant bands are rarely found. Metamaterials with DNG properties and high negative refractive index are difficult to create.

6. 6 Fig. 3 Font view of physical dimension with the axis Parameters Dimensions (mm) L S 10 Ws 10 L 9 W 9 C 1 1.375 Lg 7 W G 7 G 1 0.5 G 2 0.5 g 1 0.25 g 2 0.125 Table 1. Specification of the designed unit cell Specification of the Design Fig: 4 Equivalent circuit

7. 7 Z-axis wave propagation F or Z-axis wave propagation, a clear resonance can be found in the range of the C, X, and Ku bands at microwave frequencies of 5.302, 8.617, 14.994, 17.77 GHz. The real and imaginary curves of effective permittivity are placed at 5.01 to 6.11, 6.13 to 9.24, 13·022 to 15.207 GHz frequency range and shown in Fig.4.6 Fig. 4.5 The magnitude of parameters S 11 and S 21 in dB for z-axis wave propagation. Fig. 4.6. The real and imaginary curve of permittivity Simulated Result The designed cell for covers the C, X, Ku & K bands of microwave frequency ranges.

8. 8 Z-axis wave propagation Cont. We can see the real and imaginary curves of effective permeability in the frequency range of 5.27 to 5.42, 8.58 to 8.79, and 10.65 to 15.56 GHz. In Fig. 4.8 We can see the real and imaginary curves of negative refractive index of the unit cell due to the wave propagation in the Z-axis Fig. 4.7. The real and imaginary curve of permeability Fig. 4.8. The refractive index curves for Z-axis , both real and imaginary curve

9. Future works Compensated losses Multifunctionality Microwave Application Optical Purpose Low cost satellite communication equipment. Soldiers on the battlefield might use this technology subwavelength, invisibility cloaking, and trapping rainbow. It is possible to manufacture for the optical area. 18 By covering 3 principle band this can be useful in microwave regime Costs might be lowered by adopting this type of materials Losses can be compensated by using negative refractive index metamaterials.

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